养老院老年人 心理护理

2008.5.201养老院老年人心理护理上海交通大学护理学院2008.5.202养老院老年人角色转化1、主题角色变为依赖角色2、有配偶角色变为单身角色3、居家生活角色变为集体生活角色4、工作角色变为闲暇角色2008.5.203养老院老年人的心理护理养老院老年人的心理变化特点1、感知觉衰退2、精神萎靡3、情绪消极4、性格古怪2008.5.204养老院老年人的特殊心理需求1、渴望亲情的需要2、维护自尊心的需要3、满足好胜心的需要4、排除苦闷与自卑的需要2008.5.205三、养老院老年人的心理护理的内容1、树立正确的老年观念和服务理念2、要充满爱心、耐心和孝心3、全身心地投入4、尊重每一位老年人5、因人而异，采取多种护理方式6、鼓励和帮助老年人参加力所能及的活动7、提高业务素质和修养2008.5.206心理护理的途径和方法1、让老年人主动安排自己的生活（1）礼貌对待每位老年人（2）让老年人主动开口2008.5.2072、让老年人充分表现自己（1）鼓励老年人们互相讲故事（2）让老年人充当人师2008.5.2083、陶冶老人们的情操，丰富晚年生活（1）享受音乐的乐趣（2）精心饲养花鸟鱼虫2008.5.209养老院老年人的情绪与调适一、不良情绪产生的原因1.生理因素2.社会心理因素（1）人际关系丧失（2）精神生活贫乏3.自身因素2008.5.2010二、不良情绪的危害1、容易引发某些躯体和身心疾病2、使理智和行为失常3、使老年人生活失去乐趣2008.5.2011三、不良情绪的疏导1、周围人给予的情绪护理如让老年人对生活拥有积极的态度、充实老年人的生活、增加交往、尝试“老幼结亲”、让老年人的生活忙碌起来等。2008.5.20122、养老院工作人员应注意的几个问题（1）尊重老年人，肯定老年人的生存价值（2）正确对待老年人的怒火（3）及时帮助老年人与其子女沟通（4）莫让心里不容的老年人住在一起（5）解决老年人的疑心重的问题2008.5.20133、帮助老年人学会情绪自救（1）及时合理宣泄（2）遗忘转移（3）主动为别的老人排忧解难（4）理智升华（5）语言上的自我暗示（6）学会幽默（7）借助音乐的力量2008.5.2014四、不良情绪的急救1、对极度悲伤老人的急救（1）接触的第一阶段：言语的抚慰（2）接触的第二阶段：鼓励老年人已非语言的形式表达他的情绪2008.5.20152、对一时狂怒的老人的急救（1）接触的第一阶段：有所言（2）接触的第二阶段：用身体动作来表达愤怒2008.5.20163、对自我伤害老人的急救可以自我管束2008.5.20174YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+Te-SCm6#Jtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Jtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Jtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Jtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Jtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Jtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3Xh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UNxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YIsc(QAk4YHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzj3XHrb*Pzi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Oyi2WGqa&Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFp9%Nxh1VFo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg0UEo8$Mwg+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Lvf+TDn7!Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCm6#Kue-SCl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJtd)RBl5ZJt