关于克隆的英语ppt

“克隆”isthetransliterationofclone,scientistscalltheoperationwhichreproducestheanimalsofartificialheredityascloneandthisbiologicaltechnologyiscalledclonetechnology.Cloningisthemostattractivestoryofthenewbiotechnologies(生物技术)andtheonewhichcausesthemostheateddiscussionoveritsworth.Hereareanswerstothemostcommonquestionsaboutcloning.Whatiscloning?CloningisthecreationofcellsorwholeanimalsusingDNAfromasingleparent,bypassingthenormalreproductiveprocess.TheclonehasthesameDNAtotheparent.Thegeneralizedclonereferstoeverycrowdfromasameancestor,passingthroughasexualpropagationHowareclonescreated?ThemostcommonprocesstakesDNAfromonecellandputsinahollowed-out(挖空的；掏空的)egg.ChemicalsandelectricityarethenusedtoencouragethenewDNAtofusewith(与…合并)theegganddevelopintoanembryo(胎儿).Thistechniqueiscallednucleartransfer(核迁移).clonedanimals1997年2月22日，英国“Nature”刊登了爱丁堡罗斯林研究所维尔穆特的研究成果，即“多莉”羊的克隆成功，从此震惊了世界。name：DOLLYsex：femalespecies：Mammalia,bovine,ovinebirth：July5,1996hometown：ScotlandDNAfather：NoDNAmother：AwhitesheepfromFinlandmitochondrion-mother：Ablack-sheepfromScotlandbirthgiving-mother：Anotherblack-sheepfromScotlandtimeofenteringthefriends-society：February23,1997children：Fertility6,survived5death：February14,2003WhywasDolly(世界上的第一只克隆羊)important?Thesheepwasthefirstmammal(哺乳动物)tobeclonedusingDNAtakenfromanadultcell.Previously(以前),animalshadonlybeenclonedusingembryocellswhichalreadyhavethepotential(潜力)tobecomeacompleteembryoinitsownright(继承父母的).ThebigbreakthroughwithDollywastomakeaclonefromanordinary,adultcell-inthiscasefromafemalegoat'sudder(乳房).ThedevelopmentofcloneMicrobialcloningperiodGeneticengineeringcloningperiodCloningperiodonanindividuallevelDNAcloningorcloningtechnologyPlantcloning,AnimalcloningtechnologyCellcloningtechnologyCloningcellularlevelTargetgeneintherecipientcellexpansion导入扩增DNAreplicationCloningmolecularlevelAnimalcloning:cloningfromembryoniccellstothedevelopmentofsomaticcellcloningAnimalcloningisnottreatedwithacombinationofgermcells(fertilization)anddirectaccesstonewindividualsfromsomaticcellsEmbryoniccellsasdonorNucleusEnucleatedcellsRecombinantcellEmbryosIndividualTocloneornottoclone,isthatthequestion?Tocloneornottoclone,isthatthequestion?Isclonegoodornot?Researchadvancesoverthepastdecadehavetoldusthat,withlittlework,wehumanscanclonejustaboutanythingwewant,fromfrogstomonkeysandprobablyevenourselves!So,wecanclonethings,butwhywouldwewantto?Let'slookatsomeofthereasonspeoplegivetojustifycloning.AdvantagesSomeotherusesofcloneRescueendangeredanimals.Provideexperimentalanimalsandorganizations.Producenewproductionsforhumans.Cureandgoagainstsomegeneticdiseases.Contributetohighlevelnewmedicines.DisadvantagesSomeotherobjectionsMaybringsomenewdiseaseswhichisItcanbeabusedbysomedangerousorganizations.Abighammertotraditionalfamilystructureandrelationship.Hurtthosewhoarecloned.Movieaboutcloneourviewtaketheadvantagesandberesponsible.Thankyou!