中国页岩气资源潜力及开发基础

中国页岩气资源潜力及开发基础ResourcePotentialandDevelopmentFoundationofShaleGasinChina中国地质大学（北京）ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing张金川樊太亮于炳松ZhangJinchuanFanTailiangYuBingsong提要Outline1页岩气Shalegas2中国页岩气资源潜力ResourcePotentialofShaleGasinChina3中国页岩气开发基础DevelopmentFoundationofShaleGasinChina4结论Conclusions③②①页岩Shale致密砂岩Tightsands含气裂缝带Gas-bearingfracture常规砂岩Conventionalsandstone天然气Naturalgas页岩气：主体上以吸附和游离状态赋存于泥、页岩地层中的天然气聚集。Shalegas,orgasshale,istheadsorbedorfreegasremainedinsourcerocksasshaleormudstone,eveninpeliticsiltstoneorsiltpelite.类型Type直接型Direct-type间接型Indirect-type干酪根类型KerogentypeⅢⅠ、Ⅱ成熟度底限MaturitythresholdRo≥0.4%Ro≥1.2%生气机理Gasgeneration生物化学Biochemistry热裂解Thermalcracking孔渗性Porousityandpermibility高High低Low含气量Gascontent低Low高High压力Pressure低Low高High埋藏深度Burieddepth浅Shallow深Deep两种页岩气类型Classificationofshalegas页岩气研究意义ResearchSignificancesforShaleGas（1）普遍意义：滞留是主体Universality:remainingisthemainbody（2）复合机理：游离+吸附Mechanism:composingbyfreedomandabsorption（3）经济价值：成本并不昂贵Economic:costingisnotexpensive（4）应用前景：突破口和热点Prospects:breakthroughandhottopic提要Outline1页岩气Shalegas2中国页岩气资源潜力ResourcePotentialofShaleGasinChina3中国页岩气开发基础DevelopmentFoundationofShaleGasinChina4结论Conclusions中国板块与含油气盆地PlatesandPetroliferousBasinsinChina中国板块、古生界与含油气盆地Plates,PalaeozoicandPetroliferousBasins中国页岩气类型TypesofshalegasinChina比较Comparasion间接型Direct直接型Indirect地质时代Age下古生界-上古生界Paleozoic中生界-新生界Mesozoic-Cenozoic沉积环境SedimentaryFacies海相（黑色页岩）、湖相MarineandContinental滨浅湖等陆相（暗色泥页岩）Continental伴生地层Accompanionlayer海相碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩Carbonateandclasticrocks陆相碎屑岩Clasticrocks有机质类型OrganictypeⅠ、Ⅱ1Ⅱ2、Ⅲ热演化程度organicmattermaturation成熟-过成熟Maturatedtoovermaturated低熟-高成熟Unmaturatedtohihg-maturate天然气成因Generation热裂解、生物再作用（Ro1.25%）Thermalcracking生物、热解（Ro0.4%）Biogeneration地层压力Pressure低压-常压Lowtonormal常压-高压Normaltohigh发育规模Scale区域分布，局部被现今盆地叠覆Regionally局限，受现今盆地范围影响较大Locally主体分布区域Distribution南方、东北、西北、青藏South,Northeast,NorthwestandQingzangofChina西北、华北和东北Northwest,NorthandNortheastChina伴生产物Byproduction原油、油页岩、残余沥青Crudeoil,oilshale,bitumenandtar根缘气、煤层气Source-contactinggasandcoal-bedmethane含气量Gascontent高High低Low吸(附)游(离)比A/F低Low高High游离气储集介质Reservoir页岩裂缝为主Fracture裂缝、孔隙及层间砂岩夹层Porousity,fractureandsand典型地区盆地（泥页岩）综合柱状图ColumnsfromrepresentativebasinsSichuanBasinTurpan-HamiBasinBohaiBayBasin南方型Southerntype北方型Northerntype西北型Northwesterntype（单位：m）鄯善哈密010203040405060704040302010吐参1协作1哈参1泥质粉砂岩中粒岩屑砂岩暗色页岩煤层图例CH137Y10HT7岩性剖面气测曲线井深（m）32503240气测曲线井深（m）全烃组分002.52.5全烃0.00110032803290（m）气测曲线0.000110264026502660TGC1L608气测曲线0.511.5251015205010015020036003650岩性剖面井深井深岩性剖面岩性剖面（m）气显示典型盆地中的页岩气ShalegasintypicalbasinsinChina不同层系和地区泥页岩的有机碳含量TOCfromdiferentbasinsinChina含气量计算CalculationforGascontent)1k)/(2121kBSkSkAHQgfs（SP2050AC20250RT030RS030深度(m)岩性沉积微相计算TOC03105010601070108010901100111011201130114011501160117011801190间湾水下分流河道间湾水下分流河道间湾水下分流河道水下分流间湾资源估算Resourceestimation采用成因法、统计法、类比法以及特尔菲法进行补充估算，中国页岩气可采资源量大约26万亿方,大致与美国相当。Bygenetic,statistics,analogyandDelphimethods,theresourceofshalegasinChinaisabout26trillionm3,whichisapproximatelythesamewiththatofAmerica.由于计算中未对不同地区和盆地的所有可能页岩气层位进行计算，故计算结果仍然表示了主要层位所可能代表的页岩气资源量。Asthecalculationdoesnotcoverallshalesindifferentbasinsandevenregions,theresultofthecalculationrepresentsonlythemainbodyofshalegasresourcesinChina.计算结果表明，南方、北方、西北及青藏地区各自占页岩气可采资源总量的46.8%、8.9%、43%和1.3%。ItshowsthattheresourcesofshalegasintheSouth,North,NorthwestandQingzangaccountfor46.8%,8.9%，43%and1.3%respectively.古生界、中生界和新生界各自占页岩气资源总量的66.7%、26.7%和6.6%。Paleozoic,MesozoicandCenozoicshalegasresourcesaccountfor66.7%,26.7%and6.6%respectively.提要Outline1页岩气Shalegas2中国页岩气资源潜力ResourcePotentialofShaleGasinChina3中国页岩气开发基础DevelopmentFoundationofShaleGasinChina4结论Conclusions中国页岩气地质条件分区模式GeologicalsettingandclassificationofshalegasinChina中美代表性盆地/地区页岩特点ComparasionofshalesinChinawiththoseinUSA国家盆地Basin页岩名称Shales地层时代AgeTOC(%)Ro(%)页岩毛厚/mThickness天然气成因Generation圣胡安SanjuanLewis上白垩统UpperCretaceous0.5-2.51.6-1.9152-579热、裂解Cracking阿巴拉契亚AppalachiaOhio石炭系Carboniferous0.5-230.4-1.391-610热解Cracking密执安MichiganAntrim泥盆系Devonian0.3-240.4-1.649生物、热解Biologic,cracking伊利诺斯IllinoisNewAlbany泥盆系Devonian1-250.4-1.331-122生物、热解Biologic,cracking美国USA富特沃斯FortWorthBarnett泥盆系Devonian1-4.51.0-1.461-91热解Cracking柴达木Qaidam七个泉组第四系Quaternary0.3-0.60.2-0.50-800生物Biologic渤海湾BohaiBay沙三段古近系Paleogene0.3-33.00.3-1.0230-1800生物、热解Biologic,cracking松辽Songliao青一段白垩系Cretaceous2.20.7-3.3100热、裂解Biologic,cracking松辽Songliao沙河子组白垩系Cretaceous0.7-1.51.5-3.9100-350裂解Cracking羌塘盆地Qiangtang夏里组中侏罗统MiddleJurassic0.3-6.21.4400-600裂解、生物再作用Cracking,biologic吐哈Turpan-Hami水西沟群中下侏罗Middle-LowerJurassic1.3-200.4-1.150-600生物、热解Biologic,cracking准噶尔Junggar西山窑组中侏罗MiddleJurassic0.2-6.40.6-2.5350-400热、裂解Cracking四川Sichuan须家河上三叠统UpperTriassic1.0-4.51.0-2.2150-1000热、裂解Cracking鄂尔多斯Ordos延长组三叠系Triassic0.6-5.80.7-1.150-120热解Cracking鄂尔多斯Ordos山西组石炭-二叠系Carboniferous-Permian2.0-3.01.360-200热解Cracking南方SouthChina龙潭组上二叠统UpperPermian0.4-22.00.8-3.020-2000裂解、生物再作用Cracking,biologic南方SouthChina龙马溪组下志留统LowerSilurian0.5-3.02.0-3.030-100热解、生物再作用Cracking,biologic中国China南方SouthChina筇竹寺组下寒武LowerCambrian1.0-4.03.0-6.020-700热解、生物再作用Cracking,b