1课程设计计算书一、方案比选本工程是某公路桥墩,上部结构及桥墩的自重较大,埋置深度深,采用沉井基础,整体性强、稳定性好,有较大的承载面积,能承受较大的垂直荷载和水平荷载。而且与其它的深基础相比,更加经济,故必选好,采用沉井基础作为该工程的基础的方案。二、持力层选择1、根据工程地质资料选择持力层由资料可知:沉井结构高H=10.5m,沉井高出地面500mm,故沉井埋置深度为10m。由工程地质条件资料知,持力层为灰色粘土,刃脚底部深入灰色粘土层深度为5.5m。2、确定沉井基础的尺寸和埋置深度23沉井高度H=10.5m,埋置深度h=10m。沉井内径d=6.0m,外径16.6Dm,井壁厚t=300mm,刃脚踏面宽度a=150mm,底板厚度1400tmm;刃脚部分井壁厚度为2500tmm,增厚处井壁高度为11756Hmm,增厚处井壁外径27.0Dm,刃脚高度400hmm刃脚内侧面倾角1400tan48.845500150三、荷载计算1、上部结构荷载上部结构恒载及墩身自重15000kN,对沉井底面形心轴的力臂为0.5m;水平活荷载510kN,制动力75kN,对沉井地面形心轴的力臂为18.5m。42、沉井自重(1)刃脚钢筋混凝土重度:325/KNm刃脚截面面积:2110.150.50.40.132Am形心到井壁外侧的距离为:111110.150.40.150.350.40.350.152230.13x50.178m刃脚体积:3123.50.1780.132.71Vm刃脚自重力:12.712567.75GkN(2)增厚沉井井壁体积:2232761.7560.413.844Vm自重力:213.8425346GkN(3)未增厚处沉井井壁:体积:222236.6610.51.7560.41.56.66.30.41.544V346.41m自重力:346.41251160.25GkN(4)封底混凝土:体积:222240.43.353.3533626.30.4344V381.70m自重力:481.7252042.5GkN(5)盖板:体积:2356.31.546.764Vm自重:546.76251169GkN6(6)井孔填土体积:236610.50.40.421.5175.304Vm自重:6175.3183155.41GkN则沉井自重:1234567940.91GGGGGGGkN(7)枯水期沉井浮力体积:223771.7566.610.50.54.51.756195.6744Vm自重:7195.67101956.7GkN沉井自重计算汇总沉井部位重度/kNm体积3m自重kN形心到井外壁距离m刃脚1G252.7167.750.13增厚沉井井壁2G2513.84346未增厚沉井井壁3G2546.411160.25封底混凝土4G2581.702042.5盖板5G2546.761169井孔填土6G18175.303155.417枯水期浮力7G10195.67-1956.7沉井自重iG(不包括浮力)7940.91各力汇总力的名称大小/kN对沉井地面形心轴的力臂/m弯矩/kNm上部结构恒载及墩身115000P0.57500沉井自重沉井浮力7940.91G1956.7G竖向荷载合计20984.21P7500水平荷载510gH18.59435制动力75TH18.51387.5水平荷载合计585H10822.5总计18322.5四、沉井基础承载力计算根据上部结构荷载及地基条件,进行基底承载力验算、横向抗力验算1、基底承载力验算沉井自最高水位至井底的埋置深度为:100.59.5hm基底宽度:7.0dm基础底面积:220738.484Am8基底的截面模量:33733.6732Wm竖向总荷载:150007940.911956.720984.21NkN水平总荷载:51075585HkN总的弯矩:150000.558518.518322.5MkNm基础的计算宽度:已知11fbkkd,1.0d,且1k,0.9fk故10.97.017.2bm),5.9,,10,10(95.00000mmmhmhCmCmhCChh取18322.5/58531.32MmH233198.62)5.932.313(95.020.767.33185.995.02.7)3(218mhWdhbA当有竖向荷载N及水平力H同时作用时,基底边缘处的压应力为:maxmin0320984.2135857.0545.33205.32838.4862.980.95NHdAA750.66340.00kPakPa计算地基容许承载力:01122(2)(3)aaffkbkh由地质资料知:基底土为灰色粘土,0360afkPa,5.2,021kk若持力层在水面以下,粘土不透水,一律采取饱和重度3218.00.518.82.517.51.5+16.85.5=17.47/10kNm9地基容许承载力的抵抗系数1.25R11221.2523Raaffkbkh1.253602.517.47103832.16750.66kPakPa故满足地基承载力要求。2、土体横向抗力验算地面下Z深度处井壁承受的侧土横向抗力为:06zHPzzzAh21014623bhhdWZbhh20.957.29.5431.329.567.033.6720.957.29.5331.329.56.64m根据经验可知,通常最大水平压应力出现的位置大致在3hz和zh处,当9.533hz时,365859.59.56.6464.5362.989.533hPkPa当9.5zh时,65859.56.649.5159.3962.989.5hPkPa根据地质资料,取土体的平均重度与平均抗剪强度指标为:平均重度:3218.00.518.82.517.51.5+16.85.5=17.47/10kNm平均内摩擦角:14.82.521.781.510.75.513.539.510平均粘聚力:242.5131.5105.514.169.5ckPa修正系数:11.0(上部结构静定),21.0(因0gm)代入数据求得土体极限横向抗力:当9.533hz时,1234tancos3hxhPc417.449.51.01.0tan13.5314.16cos13.533112.8164.53kPakPa当9.5zh时,124tancoshxPhc41.01.017.449.5tan13.5314.16cos13.53222.28159.39kPakPa均满足要求,因此计算时需要考虑基础侧面土体弹性抗力的影响。五、沉井施工过程及强度验算㈠沉井自重下沉验算施工过程中。沉井自重为井壁和刃脚:12367.753461160.251574GGGGkN土与井壁间平均单位摩阻力,取加权平均值:2160.5242.5221.5205.521.1/10mTkNm井壁总摩阻力:kNT8.8141.21)756.10.7(1416.311下沉系数:15741.93814.81K满足要求㈡刃脚受力验算1刃脚向外挠曲刃脚向外挠曲最不利的情况为沉井下沉途中,刃脚切入土中0.4m刃脚悬臂作用的分配系数:0.10.20.605.05.00.61.005.01.04444LhLk取0.1(1)计算各个力值(按施工水位,取枯水位期,取单位宽度计算)①土压力和水压力由朗肯土压力主动土压力公式(粘土):200tan(45)2tan(45)22ehc已知:202010.7tan(45)tan(45)0.68722,120010.7tan(45)tan(45)0.82922土压力:2180.518.82.517.51.56.85.10.6872100.829e63.75/kNm3180.518.82.517.51.56.85.50.6872100.829e65.62/kNm水压力:210.05.50.451/wkNm310.05.555/wkNm从安全考虑,刃脚外侧土压力和水压力的合力不得大于静水压力的70%,否则按静水压力的70%计算。2225163.75114.75/0.735.7/ewkNmwkNm3335565.62120.62/0.738.5/ewkNmwkNm取:235.7/PkNm,338.5/PkNm土压力和水压力的合力:2311()(35.738.5)0.414.8422kPPPhkN距刃脚底部的力臂:323221138.5235.70.40.23338.535.7eekeePPchmPP②土对刃脚的摩阻力kkTqh和0.5TE取两者中的较小者。土对整个井壁的摩阻力:21.11.75637.05kkTqhkN10.50.557.4265.621.75654.012TEkN取两者中的较小值为:37.05TkN13此外,土堆刃脚部分井壁的摩阻力:1200.48kkTqhkN110.50.563.7565.620.412.942TEkN取两者中的较小值为:18TkN③刃脚的反力计算单位宽刃脚自重力:0.13253.25gkN形心至井壁外侧的距离:111110.150.40.150.350.40.350.150.1782230.13xm单位宽沉井自重为:0.51.7560.410.51.7560.11.50.30.41.50.1525Gg78.66kN刃脚踏面竖向反力:78.6637.0541.61RGTkN刃脚斜面横向力为:)tan(2)tan(221222baRbVH式中2取为土的内摩擦角,210.7,0.4tan48.80.50.15故:0.3541.61tan(48.810.7)17.5720.150.35HkN井壁自重q的作用点至刃脚根部中心轴距为:2220.50.150.520.150.0726(0.50.15)xm14刃脚踏面下反力合力:RRRbaaV46.035.0215.0215.0221111刃脚斜面上反力合力:RRRV54.046.02R的作用点距离井壁外侧为:1312121110.150.35()0.460.54(0.15)0.182323axVVabRRmRR(2)各力对刃脚根部截面中心的弯矩计算刃脚斜面水平反力引起的弯矩为:17.570.4(10.33)4.71HMkNm水平土压力引起的弯矩为:0.414.840.40.22.97PMPckNm