马克吐温PPT

MarkTwainanAmericanLiteraryGiantBy:DongyiGeXutongZhangXuechaoZhouweiSamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835–April21,1910),betterknownbyhispennameMarkTwain,wasanAmericanauthorandhumorist.HeismostnotedforhisnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)anditssequel,AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1885),thelatteroftencalledtheGreatAmericanNovel.SamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835–April21,1910),betterknownbyhispennameMarkTwain,oneofthegreatestAmericanwriters,humorist,essayist,novelistandadventurer.HeismostnotedforhisnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)anditssequel,AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1885),thelatteroftencalled“TheGreatAmericanNovel.LifeoftheMarkTwain•BornonNovember30,1835inFlorida,Missouri•6thof7children•In1839,thefamilymovedtoHannibal,aporttownontheMississippiRiver•In1847,hisfatherdied.ThenextyearTwainleftschoolafterthefifthgrade,andfinallygototheMississippiRiver.AsayoungmanTwainworkedasariverboatpilotontheMississippiRiver.Whenhestartedhiswritingcareer,SamuelClemensadoptedthename“MarkTwain,”whichmeanttwofathoms,asafedepthforariverboat.Hewassoinfatuatedwiththisriverthatitbecamethebasisformanyofhismostfamousworks.In1861,SamuelClemensavoidedthebrewingCivilWarbygoingwest.HetookhisfirstwritingjobasreporterattheVirginiaCityTerritorialEnterprise.Seriousnewswasoftenmixedwith“reports”thathadtobetakenwithagrainofsalt.Soon,hebeganusingthenameMarkTwainandaffixingittosketches,reportage,andanoccasionalhoax.Itwasatimewhenhefirstdiscoveredhistalent,hiscalling,andhisvoice.At34yearsofagehemarriedOliviaLangdonClemens.ShewasthedaughterofaNewYorkcoalmagnate,amemberofthecountry’swealthyelite.Shewouldbepartner,editor,andfellowtravelerinsuccessandfailureforthenextthirty-fiveyears.Shewouldalsofurnishhimherfamily’shomeinElmira,NewYork,aplacewherehevisitedoftenandwrotemanyofhisbest-lovedbooks.Becauseoffinancialproblems,ClemenslivedinEuropefrom1891-1901,butthiswasneitherhisfirstnorlasttripabroad.Infact,hewasaninveteratetraveler.Fromtheageof17tothelastfewweeksofhislifehewasalwaysdiscoveringnewplacesandrevisitingold.HecrisscrossedtheAtlanticmorethanadozentimesandalsosawTurkey,Palestine,Hawaii,Australia,India,andSouthAfrica.Hedevelopedasaspeakerandtraveledonlecturecircuits,muchindemand.Hisearlyperformancescombinedhumor,informationandeloquenceinmeasuresthatdelightedmostpeople.WhenhediedonApril21,1910,newspapersaroundthecountrydeclared,“Thewholeworldismourning.”Bythen,SamClemenshadlongsinceceasedtobeaprivatecitizen.HehadbecomeMarkTwain,aproudpossessionoftheAmericannation.WritingCharacteristicsofMarkTwainLiteratureisanartoflanguage.MarkTwain’slanguageisartisticandlikeasharpweaponwithoutdoubt.MarkTwainisfamousforhishumorandsatire.Heoftendescribedpersonswhowasinnocent,simple,naive,andignorantashisheroesorheroines.«TheAdventuresofTomSawyer»isan1876novelaboutayoungboygrowingupalongtheMississippiRiver.ItissetinthefictionaltownofSt.Petersburg,inspiredbyHannibal,Missouri,whereTwainlived.Thenovel’sprotagonistisTomSawyer.Heisamischievousboywithanactiveimaginationwhospendsmostofthenovelgettinghimself,andoftenhisfriends,intoandoutoftrouble.Despitehismischief,Tomhasagoodheartandastrongmoralconscience.Asthenovelprogresses,hebeginstotakemoreseriouslytheresponsibilitiesofhisroleasaleaderamonghisschoolfellow.TheAdventuresofTomSawyer«TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn»isanovel,firstpublishedintheUnitedKingdominDecember1884andintheUnitedStatesinFebruary1885.ThebookisnotedforitscolorfuldescriptionofpeopleandplacesalongtheMississippiRiver.SetinaSouthernantebellumsocietythathadceasedtoexistabout20yearsbeforetheworkwaspublished,«TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn»isanoftenscathingsatireonentrenchedattitudes,particularlyracism.«TheMysteriousStranger»(1916)«TheAmericanClaimant»(1892)«AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourt»(1889)«PersonalRecollectionsofJoanofArc»(1896)«Pudd'nheadWilson»(1894)HisfamouswisdomwordIhavenocolorprejudicesnorcasteprejudicesnorcreedprejudices.AllIcaretoknowisthatamanisahumanbeing,andthatisenoughforme;hecan'tbeanyworse.“Everyoneisamoon,andhasadarksidewhichhenevershowstoanybody.”“Itisbettertokeepyourmouthshutandappearstupidthantoopenitandremovealldoubt.”“Humorismankind'sgreatestblessing.”“InthefirstplaceGodmadeidiots.Thiswasforpractice.ThenhemadeSchoolBoards.”