燃用劣质煤低NOx旋流燃烧器研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文燃用劣质煤低NOx旋流燃烧器研究姓名：朱艳涛申请学位级别：硕士专业：热能工程指导教师：向军;孙路石20080529INOxNOxNOxNOxNONOCOHCNCH4CO2O2NONONOCONOCONONOLN-BNOxLN-BNOxNONO62.8%66.4%NOIIAbstractNOxfromcoalburningistheimportantsourceoftheatmospherepollution,andNOxcontroltechniquesarestudied.Comparedtoallthemethords,lowNOxcombustorhasverygoodcompetitiveadvantagesfromtechnicalmaturity,out-efficiencyofreducingNOx,andoverallcostsandthetransformationofthelatterpartoftheoperationcosts.MostofthepowercoalusedinChinaisinferiorcoal,andtheNOxreductionoftheinferiorcoalisdifficult,andinferiorcoalisnoteasytoburnsteadily.ThereforeitisnecessarytodevelopalowNOxcombustorbasedontheinferiorcoal,andithasprojectvalue.Firstthecoldconditionexperimentonanarchetypalcombustorwascarriedout.Threevectorvelocitiesoftheplumbsurfacewasmeasured,Thenthehotconditionexperimentwascarriedoutonahorizontalsingle-furnacesystem.FourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopyFTIRwasusedtoquantifyNO,CO,HCN,CH4,CO2,O2.Theresultsshowthatthecenterairhasmoreeffectsonthebackflowfield,andtheinter-secondairisminor,outer-secondairisleast,itcouldbeignored.ThesizeofthebackflowfieldinfluencethereleaseofNOandthetemperatureinthefurnace.ThenLN-Bamelioratedswirlcombustorwasdevelopedbasedonthearchetypalcombustor’scoldandhotexperiments.Thesecondairincludesrotationalflowinter-secondair,rotationalflowmedium-secondairandthedirectflowouter-secondair.Thecenterairisonlytobeusedastheoilair.ThehotconditionexperimentofLN-Bamelioratedswirlcombustorwasalsocarriedoutonthehorizontalsingle-furnacesystem.Comparedtotheexperimentsofthearchetypalcombustor,theresultsshowedthatNOreducingrateswererespectivelyimprovedby62.8%and66.4%withtheleancoalandboveycoa.TheleancoalflamecenteroftheLN-Bamelioratedswirlcombustorisaheader,anditcanstablyburnwiththelowtemperature.Keywords:whirlcombustorinferiorcoalcoldconditionexperimenthotconditionexperimentNO111.11000m11001-11-22001-2006[1]200676.769.120066.22kW200520.377.8228344kW·h23573kW·h83.1620066000kW12504020SO2NOxSO2SO2NOxNOx[2]NOx198047619961200[3]2000NOx1130[4]199670;20031200[5],NOx,90%NOx30%,NOx,2010NOx2500[6]GOMESCIAMACHY1996-2004,NO2NOx50%[7]NOx21-12001-2006200113744571.817.02.98.2200214381072.316.63.08.1200316384275.114.82.87.3200418734176.013.42.97.7200520587676.512.63.27.7200622105676.711.93.57.91-22001-2006200114319966.722.92.67.9200215179766.323.42.67.7200317499068.422.22.66.8200420322768.022.32.67.1200522468269.121.02.87.1200624627069.420.43.07.21.2NOxNOxNONO2NO90-95[8]NO2NOO2NONONONO1.2.1NONOZeldovich[9,10]3NNOON2+=+1-1ONOON2+=+1-2NOxZeldovichZeldovichNO[11]HNOOHN+=+1-3ZeldovichNONO[11-14]NO[11,15]1-3NO1-3Zeldovich[11,15,16]Acm3gmolcm-3s-1K-1ΒEJ/gmolN2+O=NO+N1.36×10140315900N+O2=NO+N6.40×1091.026300N+OH=NO+H3.28×10130),/exp(RTEATk−=βcm3gmolcm-3s-1K-1.NO[15]++−=−−−][OH][O[NO]1][O[NO]][N2[O]dd[NO]32212222121kkkkkkktgmolcm-3s-11-4NOOHZeldovich][O][N2dd[NO]21kt=gmolcm-3s-11-51000NO12%NO8001.2.2NONOCHCH2CH34C2HCNCNNONOFenimore[17]1971NOx:...NHCNCHN2++=+X1-62CNCN22=+1-71-6NO90[18,19]NCNHCNNO[20]HNCOOHCN+=+1-82HNCOOHHCN+=+1-9ONCOOCN2+=+1-10CONOONCO+=+1-11,NONO,,NOx5%[21]1.2.3NO1%-2.5%daf85%daf[22,23]XPSXANES[24,25],,NONOx75%95%N-CN-HN-CN-HN≡NNOx,NOxNOxNOxHCNNH3NCONONH,N2NON25NH3NONON2NH3NONONOxNO60%-80%,NCNHNNOx,HCNCN,NONO[21]1-1NO[26]1.3NOxNOxMillerandBowman[27],HayhurstandLawrence[28],Bowman[29],KramlichandLinak[30],andSmoot[31]NOx,NOx,,NOx,NOx,[32-34]NOxNOx1NOxNOxNOx15%20%3%6270%75%80%α1NOxNOxOFAoverfireair――α1NOx15%30%3NOCHiCOH2CCnHmNO4NO+CH4=2N2+CO2+2H2O2NO+2CnHm+2n+m/2-1O2=N2+2nCO2+mH2O2NO+2CO=N2+2CO22NO+2C=N2+2CO2NO+2H2=N2+2H2O80%-85%α1NOx15%-20%α1NOxNOxNOxNOxNOx50%7NOxNOx4NOxNOx15%-20%NOx25%NOxNOx10%-20%NOx5NOxNOxNOxNOxNOx,NOxNOxNOx8NOxNOxNOx30%-60%6NOxNOxNOxNOxNOxNOxSCRSNCRSCR90NOx[35]SCRSNCR9001100[36]SNCR1-4NOx[37]NOx70%90%SNCR[31]1-4100MWNOx[37]1-4NOx[37]$/kw%0-1010-253.222.55-1510-30OFA8.2236-4020-60NOx16.15114-5040-6032515-5020-7019.643.180-18060-90123.577.591-4NOxNOxNOxNOx1.4NOx1.4.11DRB[38,39]B&W19711-2DRBNOx2020-25DRB1.2m16001400NOx391-2B&WDRB2El—DRB[38]DRB2510B&WEI—DRBDRB3CF/SF[40]FW1979CF/SF/NOx2600MWNOx737mg/m34PAX[38,40,41]PAXB&WPAX310371PAXEI—DRBPAXEI—DRBPAXNOx5XCL[40,42]DRBHT—NRBabcock—Wilcox1986XCLXCLNOx25XCL111.4.2NOxNOxNOxSteinmullerSMBabcockWSDS1SM[39]SM8090OFANOxNOx22322WS[39,40,43]WSNOxBabcock1-3DRBNOxNOx650mg/m3800MWWSNOx40%700MWOFANOx800mg/Nm35%121-3BabcockWS3DS[39,40,43]WSBabcock1995——DS1-4NOxDSNOxNOx450mg/m3NOx1-5WSDSNOxDSNOxWS131-4BabcockDS1-5WSDSNOx1.4.3NOxIHIIHI—FWHT—NR1IHI[38]NOx2IHI—FW[38]IHINOx600MW15100-15NOx165mg/L143HT—NRNOxBabcock—HitachiHT—NR1-6ANOxBCNOxN2DHT—NRNOxHT—NRNOx30-50NOx4NR2[38]HT—NRNOxNRNR2NR2NOxO23-3.50.9NO145mg/LNOxNSZNSW1-6HT—NRNOx151.4.42080NOxNOxNOx[44,45]NOx1-7NOx600mg/Nm350[46]1-71.51.5.1NOxNOxNOxNOx16NOx/NOx/NOxNOxNOx/1.5.212NOCOHCNNO34‘863’2006AA05Z3021722.1[47,48];1:2345678182.22.2.11232.2.2ReRe19ReRe“”“”ReReReReRe“”Re“”ReReReReReReRe103104Re800EuReReReReRe“”“”12203Re5m/s100[49]2.3W1m=1110100010273273..(1)273273momoOmomoOwwttfkwwttfµ++=+++2111'11112111222273273..(1)273273momoOmomoOtwwtfkwwttfµ++=+++221112122212