英美历史与政治

TheFeudalDynasties※1.HouseofNormandy诺曼王朝（1066—1154年）※2.HouseofAnjou安茹王朝(1154年-1216)※HouseofPlantagenet金雀花王朝(1216—1399年)※3.HouseofLancaster兰开斯特王朝（1399—1464年）※4.HouseofYork约克王朝（1461—1485年）※※5.HouseofTudor都铎王朝（1485—1603年）※6.HouseofStuart斯图亚特王朝（1603—1649年，※1660—1714年）※7.HouseofHannover汉诺威王朝（1714—1901年）※8.Saxe-Coburg-Gotha萨克森—科堡-哥达王朝(1901-1910)※9.HouseofWindsor温莎王朝（1910年至今）ThelistoftheMonarchs•1.HouseofWessex•2.诺曼王朝HouseofNormandy1066—1154,威廉一世KingWilliamItheConqueror征服王---theNormanConquest&theBattleofHasting威廉二世KingWilliamIIRufus红毛王亨利一世KingHenryIWell-Educated,Beauclerc儒雅王斯蒂芬(KingStephen)(布洛瓦王朝)ThelistoftheMonarchs•安茹(Anjou)王朝（金雀花）HouseofPlantagenet1154—1399,王徽：亨利二世KingHenryIICurtmantle短斗篷王理查德一世KingRichardICoeurdeLion狮心王---theEnglishCrusades&thewarsbetweentheChristiansandtheMuslims约翰KingJohnLackland无地王–--hewasforcedtosigntheMagnaCarta(GreatCharter)亨利三世KingHenryIII)爱德华一世KingEdwardI(LongShank)长脚王爱德华二世KingEdwardII爱德华三世KingEdwardIII理查德二世KingRichardII•importantevents:•From1337to1453,therewastheHundredYears’WarentirelywithFrance.Andtherewasonewell-knownsaintandnationalheroine:JoanofArc.ThelistoftheMonarchs•3.兰开斯特王朝（theRedRose）HouseofLancaster1399—1464亨利四世KingHenryIV亨利五世KingHenryV亨利六世KingHenryVI•Importantevent:•TheWarofRoses(1455-1485)---thewarsweakenedthemonarchandthenobilityThelistoftheMonarchs•4.约克王朝（theWhiteRose）HouseofYork1461—1485,爱德华四世KingEdwardIV爱德华五世KingEdwardV理查德三世KingRichardIIIThelistoftheMonarchs•.都铎王朝HouseofTudor1485—1603,：亨利七世KingHenryVII亨利八世KingHenryVIII---theReformationbeganinthecontinentalEurope.爱德华六世KingEdwardVI简·格雷LadyJaneGrey玛丽一世QueenMaryItheBloody血腥玛丽(adevoutCatholic)伊丽莎白一世QueenElizabethI---theRenaissanceThelistoftheMonarchs•6.斯图亚特王朝HouseofStewart1603—1714,詹姆斯一世KingJamesI查理一世KingCharlesI---hewasbeheaded共和政府：奥利弗·克伦威尔，护国公OliverCromwell,LordProtectorofBritain---theRoundheadLeader斯图亚特王朝复辟：查理二世KingCharlesII詹姆斯二世KingJamesII威廉三世和玛丽二世KingWilliamIIIandQueenMaryII)---thegloriousRevolution（1688）光荣革命安妮女王QueenAnnThelistoftheMonarchs•7.汉诺威王朝HouseofHannover1714—1901,乔治一世KingGeorgeI乔治二世KingGeorgeII乔治三世KingGeorgeIII---In1776,BritainlostthecontrolofitscolonyAmerica.乔治四世KingGeorgeIV威廉四世KingWilliamIV维多利亚女王QueenVictoria---sheruledthelongestinBritishhistory,lastingfor64years.importantevent:•In1801,theKingGeorgeIVsignedtheActofUnion1800,thecountryswallowedNorthIreland.ThelistoftheMonarchs•8.温莎王朝TheHouseofWindsor1910tillnow乔治五世KingGeorgeV爱德华八世KingEdwardVIII乔治六世KingGeorgeVI伊丽莎白二世QueenElizabethII1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheBritishGovernment•Whatdoyouknowabouttheconstitutionalmonarchy?•What’stheroleoftheSovereign?•What’sthestructureoftheBritishParliament?•NamethetwomajorpartiesinBritishpolitics,andtellbrieflytheirdifferences.•What’sthestructureofBritishlawcourts?1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheBritishGovernment•ConstitutionalMonarchy:officiallyestablishedaftertheGloriousRevolution.Themonarchreigns,butdoesnotrule.–theMonarch–theParliament–theCabinet1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheMonarch(I)•headofstate,thesymbolofthewholenation,thecommander-in-chiefofallarmedforces•headoftheexecutive•anintegralpartofthelegislative•headofthejudiciary,immunefromcivilorcriminalproceedings•SupremeGovernoroftheStateChurch1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheMonarch(II)•SuccessiontotheThrone:regulatedbyParliamentActsandcommonlawrules.–Protestantdescendantsonlyaccessible(ActofSettlementin1770)–Order:sons—daughters—brothers(seniorandmasculineprecedence)•theCoronationService:atWestminsterAbbeyandbytheArchbishopofCanterbury1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheMonarch(III)•RoyalTitles:PrinceofWalesKing—QueenConsortQueenRegent—DukeofEdinburgh•RoyalDuchies:theDuchyofLancasterandtheDuchyofCornwall•RoyalPalaces:theBuckinghamPalaceWindsorCastle,andSt.James’Palace1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaRoyalPalacesTheBuckinghamPalace1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaRoyalPalaces•St.James’Palace•TheWindsorCastle1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheParliament(theLegislative)•WestminsterModel–theMonarch:thesummoning,prorogationorthedissolutionofParliament,speechattheStateOpeningCeremony,andRoyalAssenttopassedbills–theHouseofLords–theHouseofCommons1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheUpperandLowerHouses(I)theHLtheHCMemberslordsspiritual,lordstemporal(lawlordsincluded)thecommonsNumber700646ApproachhereditaryorgrantedbytheSovereignelectedthroughuniversaladultsuffrageChairmanLordChancellorSpeaker1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaTheUpperandLowerHouses(II)•TheHouseofLordsnolongerhasmuchpower.AlordisnotallowedtojoininanypoliticalpartyandreceivesnopayforhisworkinParliament.•TheHouseofCommonshasgraduallyincreaseditsstrengthsincetheendofthe19thcentury,andisthesourceofrealpoliticalpowerinBritain.1/25/2020AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmericaLegislativeProceeding(BillAct)•QuestionTime•DebateonMotions–PublicbillsbytheCabinet–PrivatebillsbyindividualMPs•ThreeReadings•DeliberationoftheHouseofLords•theRoyalAssent