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Grammar名词性从句英语的句子成分有：1.主语：主语(subject)是一个句子的主题(theme)，是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。2.谓语(predicate)或谓语动词(predicateverb)的位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语构成。3.表语：(predicate)表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它位于联系动词之后【系动词有be,look（好像）,remain（保持）,seem（好像）等】，可作表语的词有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。4.宾语（object）在句中主要充当动作的承受者，因此一般放在及物动词之后。换句话说，及物动词后面接的是宾语。如：Ourteambeatalltheothers.我们的球队打败了所有其他球队。可以用作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、名词化的分词、从句等。对于不及物动词来说，如lookattheboy.结构是不及物动词+介词+宾语。所以一般来说，宾语出现在动词或动介短语之后。那么名词性从句包括哪些？主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此称为名词性从句。定义：宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。宾语从句ObjectClause•Iknow.•Iknow•Iknow.himaverygoodstorythatheknowsaverygoodstory主语谓语宾语主句从句宾语连词主句连接词从句HeaskedmewhereIhadputhisbook.连接词从句主句Ithinkyoushouldstudyhard.(that)构成：主句+连接词+从句判断:下列句子哪些是宾语从句:1.Thisisthemanwhogavemethebook.2.IhaveasisterwhoworksinShanghai.3.Weknowthatweshouldkeeptheearthclean.4.Iknowthatheliveshere.5.Wedon’tknowifourteacherswillattendthemeeting.6.HeaskedmewhichcoatIlikedbest.7.Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgoonatrip.8.Shedoesn’tthinkthatshecanpasstheexam.9.Heisdisappointedbecausehefailedagain.10.PleasetellmehowIcangetthere.三类连接词.•由that引导•由whether/if引导•由疑问词引导(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如：Iheardthathejoinedthearmy.我听说他加进了军队。(that)itwillsnowthiswinter.宾语从句连词(that有时可以省略)Ihope主句由that引导的从句(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句例如：①Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.她不知道发生了什么。②Iwonderwhetheryoucangivemeapen.我想知道你是否能给我一支笔。Whether/if引导的宾语从句，意思为“是否”。•一般情况下两者通用.•但1.从句后面还有ornot的话,用whether.•2.在介词之后的宾语从句用whether.从句句式连接词陈述句that(无词汇意义)一般疑问句if,whether(是否)特殊疑问特殊疑问词whenwhere等祈使句肯定句否定句ask/tell…+sb.+to+v.ask/tell/…+sb.+notto+v.类型一：引导词的运用•(1)Idon’tknow___________ornot.•A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathome•C.thatheisathome•D.whetherisheathome•(2)Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.•A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that•1。A陈述句语序我不知道他是否在家。•2。B介词后要用whether•(3)Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.•A.whichB.whereC.ifD.that•(4)Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.•A.whyB.whenC.howD.where•3.A老师问新学生他在哪一个班。•4.B我不知道格林先生什么时候来看我们。他叫什么名字？他怎么去上学？What’shisname?Howdoeshegotoschool?Iamnotsure__________________________________________________whathisnameis.howhegoestoschool.从句用陈述句语序(主语+谓语＋…)主句+连接词+陈述语序系动词do要删去•Howcanyouhelptheenvironment?Heaskshowwecanhelptheenvironment.Whydotheylikecomputergames?Ican’tunderstandwhytheylikecomputergames.Whereshouldtheygofortheholiday?Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretheyshouldgofortheholiday.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句主句+特殊疑问词+宾语从句•Doyouknowwhere_________now？•A．helivesB．doeshelive•C．helivedD．didhelive•A•陈述句语态。特殊词+陈述语态。•你知道他现在住在哪里吗？•Idon‘tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow．•A．whendoeshecome•B．howwillhecome•C．ifhecomes•D．whetherhe'llcome•D•陈述句语态。我不知道他后天是否会来。•Doyouknowwhattime_________？•A．thetrainleave•B．doesthetrainleave•C．willthetrainleave•D．thetrainleaves•D宾语从句的时态你昨天什么时候起床的？你每天几点到校？你明天几点出发？Whendidyougetupyesterday?Whendoyougettoschooleveryday?Whenwillyoustarttomorrow?Iwonder…Iwonderwhenyougotupyesterday.Iwonderwhenyougettoschooleveryday.Iwonderwhenyouwillstarttomorrow.主现从不限Iwonder他是否去过北京。ifhehasbeentoBeijing.宾语从句的时态Whatisyourfavouriteactivity?Whatishedoing?MyfatherwillgotoBeijingnextweek.Hehasfinishedhishomework.Iknow…Iknewwhatyourfavouriteactivitywas.whathewasdoing.主过从四过myfatherwouldgotoBeijingnextweek.hehadfinishedhishomework.Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.Mymothertoldme…(合并句子)Mymothertoldme_________________________________________thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon.注意:当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Ourteachersaidthemoonmovesaroundthesun.宾语从句的时态变化规律•(1)当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。(2)当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注:宾语从句顺口溜•宾语从句是重点,其实一点也不难,•that连接陈述句，一般问句if/whether连•特殊问句更好办原词不变真简单，•关键在于两大点，时态语序要过关．•其它细节一点点,说说写写记心间.