book3 unit3 宾语从句表语从句

ObjectClausesandPredictiveClauses宾语从句和表语从句1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾语从句（复合句）一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Shecaresaboutiftheseanswersareallright.1,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.2,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?3,Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme.指出下列句子中的宾语从句1,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.2,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?3,Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme.指出下列句子中的宾语从句二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句（一）引导词123e.g.1.Ihear(that)_______________________.2.Hesaid(that)______________________.hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuch由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略他一小时内就会回来。他非常想念我们。that——不能省略的2种情况（1）当that作介词宾语时•IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.（2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句（it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）•IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.•Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow________________________________________________.if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithusif/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。他是否会和我们一起去公园。只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：•I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.在动词不定式前(whethertodosth.)：•Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:•Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.•Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：•Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.Practicetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.4.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。谁可以回答这个问题。1.Heasked________________________.•谁的自行车是班级中最好的。2.Heasked___________________________________________.whocouldanswerthequestionwhosebikewasthebestintheclass我们什么时候开会？3.Pleasetellme________________________.我怎么到达车站？4.Couldyoutellme_______________________?whenwe’llhaveameetinghowIcangettothestation1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主语做表语否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。•Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为你是错的。•Idon’tthinkyouareright.1.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)willbegoes三、时态1.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.2.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)3.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)havereturnedhadbeenrises从句时态主句时态现在时/将来时相应任何时态过去时相应过去任何时态总结practice1.Wecannotfigureout____quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.whenC•2.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin____wasawastelandtenyearsago.•A.whatB.which•C.thatD.whereA•3.Parentsaretaughttounderstand____importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.•A.thatB.how•C.suchD.soB4.PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid;theyarewaitingtosee___hewilldo.A.howB.thatC.whenD.whatD•5.Nevertake___forgrantedthatIwillhelpyou.Betterdependonyourself.•A.thatB.it•C.whichD.thisB•6.Couldyoutellme___________________?•AWhereisthepart?BWho’sonduty?•CWhosebookisthis?DWhataretheydoing?B系动词分三类：1,be,look,keep,seem,remain等，表情况；什么是表语?表语是位于系动词之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态的句子的一部分。•2,get,go,grow,become,turn等属一类，表变化。•3,感官动词,如：lookwell/面色好,soundnice/听起来不错,feelgood/感觉好，smellbad/难闻一个从句在复合句中作主句的表语，这个从句就叫作表语从句。1,Theproblemisthatmillionsofpeopledieofillnessescausedbysmoking.2,Thequestionremainswhetherwecanwinthepeople.1.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.2.Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.3.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.4.Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butit’sasifitwasonlyyesterday.找出下列句子中的表语从句1.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.2.Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.3.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.4.Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butit’sasifitwasonlyyesterday.找出下列句子中的表语从句引导词1.从属连词that（一般不省略）引导的表语从句。Thereason(why)shehasn'tcomeisthatshehastotakehermothertothehospital.她没来是因为她必须送母亲去医院。•连接词that在引导表语从句时,仅起连接作用，本身无意义,不能做任何成份，但不能省略.注意2.从属连词whether引导的表语从句。关联词比较whether/if1.Thequestionis___________thefilmiswellworthseeing.whether2.________hewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure.3.________itistrueremainsaproblem.WhetherWhether•whether引导的表语从句意为:“是否、究竟、到底”.不能用if替代，在从句中不作任何成份，但不能省略。总结：whether3.连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose等引导的表语从句。1.ThisiswhatIwanttosay.2.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldcomefirst.3.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.4.Theimportantthingiswhosenameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.•连接词what,which,who,whom,whose除在表语从句中起连接作用外，还在从句中充当“主语、宾语、表语、定语,有自己的词义，不能省略。总结4.连接副词when,where,how,why等引导的表语从句。1.Thisishowweovercomethed