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JourneysofDiscoveryREADINGFORLEARNING2READINGFORDONING3GUIDEDWRITING4AUDIO/VIDEOLAB5WARM-UP1WARP-UP6WARM-UPTask1Lookatthesampleandthencompletethetwoexercisesthatfollow.WhichPairIstheSameastheExample?SampleExample:(1)Dolphin(2)Salmon(鲑鱼)A(1)Turtle(海龟)(2)EagleB(1)Salmon(2)SpiderC(1)Seahorse(2)SharkAnswerandreason:TheanswerisCbecausejustastheexample,inwhichbothdolphinandsalmoncanonlyliveinwater,bothseahorseandsharkcanonlyliveinwateraswell.Exercise1Example:(1)Fish(2)GoldfishA(1)Butterfly(2)BeeB(1)Crab(螃蟹)(2)SpiderC(1)Mammal(哺乳动物)(2)WhaleExercise2Example:(1)Butterfly(2)DragonflyA(1)Spider(2)ElephantB(1)Eagle(2)BeeC(1)Zebra(斑马)(2)SnakeExercise1TheanswerisCbecauseawhaleisasubspeciesofamammal.Exercise2TheanswerisBbecausebothanimalscanfly.WARM-UPTask2Discussthequestionsinpairs.1Whichanimalinterestsyoumost?2Whatfascinatingfactsdoyouknowaboutanimals?Possibleanswers1.Ifindbatsfascinating.Theycanflythroughwoodlandinpitchblack.Possibleanswers2ReindeercanseeUVlight.Dragonfliesaremasterpredators.Theycatch95%oftheirprey,lionscatchonly40%.Elephantsuseinfrasonichearingtocommunicatewhentheyareveryfarfromoneanother.Theycanhearthunderstormsfrom500kmaway.That’slikesomeoneinLondonlisteningtoastorminEdinburgh.Usingtheintroductionparagraph(有效利用开头段落)文章的开头段落一般具有文章概览的特点，它是对文章内容的整体介绍，通常包含背景知识、相关统计数据，作者的主要观点等。所以，在写论文或查阅资料时，我们通常可以通过快速浏览文章的开头段落来决定是否继续阅读或购买这篇资料。Task1Readthefirstparagraphandtickthethingsyouthinkthetextwillcover.Readthetextandcheckyourpredictions.READINGFORLEARNING1Howanimalsmigrate.2Whyanimalsmigrate.3Ourunderstandingofanimalmigration.4Thebiggestmigrationofanimals.5Howhumanstravelaround.1.Whatarethereasonsformigration?2.Howdotheanimalsknowtomigrate?3.Howdotheanimalsfindthewaytotheirdestination?ANearlyallanimalmigrationshappenforonereasononly—survival.Forsomeanimals,itistofindfood.However,forothers,itistohavetheiryounginaplaceawayfromotherdangerousanimals.Animalsdonothaveacalendarontheirwalltotellthemwhentomigrate.Sohowdotheyknowwhentoleave?Howdotheyfindtheirwaybacktotheplacetheywerebornmanyyearsago?Orhowdotheyknowwhichdirectiontogoona12,000-milejourney?Scientistsarestartingtounderstandmoreofthesecretsofanimalmigration.AmazingJourneys译文奇妙的旅途几乎所有的动物迁徙都只是出于同一个理由——生存。有些动物迁移是为了寻找食物，另一些则是为了远离危险，繁衍后代。动物们没有一个挂在墙上的日历告诉他们何时迁徙，那么它们是如何知道何时该启程了呢？它们又是如何找回到多年前出生的地方呢？又或者，它们是如何知道在这12,000英里的旅途中该向哪个方向前行呢？科学家正开始了解更多关于动物迁徙的奥秘。BKnowingwhentomigratecomesfromvariousthings.Forsomeanimals,itishowlongthedayis.Somejudgethetimebythetemperatureoutside,whereasothersknowwhentotravelbytheleveloffatintheirbody.Animalsknowhowmuchfattheyneed.Whentheirfatlevelsfall,manywillmigrate.However,iftheywaittoolong,theywillnothaveenoughfattomakethejourney.译文很多事物可以告诉动物何时迁徙：有些依据白天的长短，有些靠外界的温度变化判断时间，而另一些则通过他们体内脂肪的水平决定启程的时间。动物们知道自己需要多少脂肪。当脂肪水平减少时，很多动物就会出发。但是，如果它们等待的时间过长，就会没有足够的脂肪来完成旅行。CNoonefullyknowshowanimalsfindtheirwaytotheirdestination.However,researchisstartingtoshowthatbothanimals’mindsandthehumanbrainhavesomethingliketheGPS.Animalsmayuseanythingfromlandmarks,thestars,themoonandthesuntohelprememberwheretheyare,wheretheyhavebeenandwheretheyaregoing.Whilehumansmightremembershortjourneyssuchastheirwayaroundacity,itisquiteanothersteptotraveltosomewhereover10,000milesawaywithnothingbutyourself!译文没有人充分了解动物是如何找到迁徙目的地的。但研究正显示，动物的大脑和人的大脑都有类似全球定位系统的东西。动物可以利用地标、星辰、月亮和太阳等任何东西帮它们记住自己现在在哪里，曾经去过哪里，以及将要去哪里。虽然人们可能会记住一些较短的路途，例如所在城市周围的路线，但是仅靠自己不借助任何帮助就踏上一个一万多英里的旅途，就是另一回事了。MoreInformationSometurtlescantravel12,000milesbacktothebeachwheretheywereborntohavetheirownyoungturtles.Salmon“smell”thewatertoreturnfromtheseatoariver.Manybirds,butterfliesandcrabsusetheEarthlikeagiantmagnettofindtheirway.译文一些海龟可以迁徙12,000英里，回到它们出生的那片海滩来繁衍后代。大马哈鱼靠闻海水的气味从大海回到河流。很多鸟类、蝴蝶和蟹类都把地球当成一个巨型磁铁来寻找方向。PhrasesandExpressions#migrationsurvivalcalendar#migratedirectiontemperaturewhereasfatdestinationlandmarkfindone’sway(back)toProperNames#turtle#salmon#crabgiant#magnetmigratione.g.Swallowsbegintheirmigrationsouthinautumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。n.迁徙；移居BacktoVocabularysurvivale.g.Ifcancersarespottedearly,thenthere'sahighchanceofsurvival.如果癌症在早期发现的话，存活的几率会很高。n.生存BacktoVocabularycalendare.g.Therewasacalendaronthewallabove,withlargesquaresaroundthedates.上面的墙上挂有日历,日期四周有巨大的方框。n.日历BacktoVocabularymigratee.g.Mostbirdshavetoflylongdistancestomigrate.绝大多数鸟类为了迁徙都不得不进行长距离的飞行。v.（鸟或动物）迁徙；移居BacktoVocabularydirectione.g.Theywanderedoffinthedirectionoftheneareststore.他们信步朝最近的商店走去。n.方向；方位BacktoVocabularytemperaturee.g.Copingwithseveredropsintemperaturecanbeverydifficult.温度大幅下降可能会很难应付。n.温度；气温BacktoVocabularywherease.g.Somepraisehim,whereasotherscondemnhim.有些人赞扬他,而有些人谴责他。conj.然而；但是BacktoVocabularyfate.g.Becauseyou'renotburningcalories,everythingyoueatturnstofat.由于没有消耗卡路里，你吃的所有东西都会变成脂肪。n.脂肪BacktoVocabularydestinatione.g.Onlyhalfoftheemergencysupplieshavereachedtheirdestination.仅有一半的紧急救援物资运抵了目的地。n.目的地；终点BacktoVocabularylandmarke.g.TheEmpireStateBuildingisafamiliarlandmarkontheNewYorkskyline.帝国大厦是纽约高楼大厦中一个为人熟知的地标。n.地标BacktoVocabularyturtlee.g.Theturtlehibernatesinashallowburrowforsixmonthsoftheyear.海龟每年在浅洞中冬眠六个月。n.海龟BacktoVocabularysalmone.g.Hehasbeenn