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1．Thelastofthe33minerstrappeddeepundergroundinnorthernChileformorethantwomonthswasrescuedonOctober15,2010.智利北部被困于地下长达两个多月的33名矿工中的最后一个于2010年10月15日被救出。2．Itcan'tbedeniedthattheadvanceofscienceandtechnologyisofvitalimportancetoChina'sdevelopment.不可否认，科学技术的进步对中国的发展是至关重要的。3．Thenumberofthestudentswhohavebeenadmittedtouniversityhasnearlydoubledthisyear，comparedtolastyear.与去年相比，今年大学录取的学生的数量增加了接近一倍。4．Ononehand，theyencourageustogetfullydeveloped，butontheotherhand，theywishustodevoteallourtimetostudyingourlessons.他们一方面鼓励我们全面发展，可另一方面却又希望我们将时间全都用在学习功课上。5.Differentfromothers，healwaystriestofindthekeystotheproblemsinsteadoffindingexcusesforthepossiblefailures.与其他人不同的是，他总是努力寻找解决问题的关键而不是寻找可能失败的借口。一、考纲词汇识记1．vi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发burstruinextreme2．n.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产3．adj.极度的4．vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭5．vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境6．vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏7．n．&vt.损失；损害8．n.裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决9．vt.损害，伤害→n.伤，伤口；伤害destroytrapburydamagejudgeinjureinjury10．adj.无用的；无效的→(反义词)有用的；有益的→v．&n.利用；使用11．n．电；电流；电学→adj.用电的；带电的→adj.与电有关的；电学的uselessuseelectricityelectricusefulelectrical12．vt.表达；表示n.快车；速递→n.表达；表示expressexpression二、高频词汇活用一言辨异13．________fromwhathesaid，hemustbeanhonestman.Onthecontrary，heoftenstealsthings，sothe________pointedoutthatweshouldn't________amanbyhislooks.(judge)答案：Judging；judge；judge14．Someofthe________workersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.Luckilythefirefightersmanagedto________themfromtheruins.(rescue)答案：rescue；rescue15．Hecouldn't________himselfclearlyinEnglish，butIcouldtellfromhis________thathewasangry.(express)答案：express；expression16．Onseeingthe________scene，thelittlegirlwasso________thatsheburstoutcrying.(frighten)答案：frightening；frightened1．burstvi.(burst，burst)爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发[教材P26原句]Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。巧学助记burstout突然迸发；爆发burstoutdoingsth.＝burstinto＋n.突然……起来burstoutcrying/laughingburstintotears/laughter突然哭起来/笑起来burstin/into闯入，突然破门而入burstwithanger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支①ScarcelyhadsheheardthenewsaboutthedeathofMichaelJacksonwhensheburstoutcrying/intotears.她一听到迈克尔·杰克逊死亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。②Hetheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor.他没敲门就闯进房间。③Weallthoughthisheartwouldburstwithjoy.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来了。burstinto2．ruinn.[U]毁坏；毁灭；崩溃n.[C](pl.)废墟；遗迹v.(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭[教材P26原句]Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。①HishopeofwinningagoldmedalintheGuangzhouAsianGamesruinedbecauseofhiscarelessness.由于粗心他在广州亚运会上获一枚金牌的希望破灭了。(1)inruins严重受损；破败不堪bring...toruin使……毁灭；使……没落come/fall＋to/intoruin灭亡；荒废(2)ruinoneself自取灭亡ruinone'shealth/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉②Thehousesacrossthestreetare，buttheywereingoodconditionafewyearsago.街对面的房子现在成废墟了，但几年前这些房子还很好。③Thewarbroughtthecountrytoruin.战争毁灭了这个国家。④LargequantitiesofhousesinZhouqubecauseoftheterribledebrisflow.舟曲大量的房屋由于特大泥石流而毁坏。inruinsfellintoruindestroy，ruin，damage(1)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。只用作动词。(2)ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。既可用作动词，也可用作名词。(3)damage是程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。既可用作动词，也可用作名词。[自填助记]用destroy，ruin，damage填空①Inthebigfirealltheirhouseswere，sotheyhadtobuildnewones.②Theproblemisclear：manhasdonegreattohishomeovertheyears.③Anearthquakeleftthewholetownin.destroyedruinsdamage3．injurevt.损害；伤害[教材P26原句]Twothirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。①Yourwordsmayinjureherpride.你的话也许会伤她的自尊。(1)injuredadj.受伤的theinjured伤员(2)injuryn.伤，伤口；伤害dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.伤害某人②Hewas/gotslightlyinjuredintheaccident.他在事故中受了轻伤。③weretakentothehospital.受伤者被送进了医院。Theinjuredinjure，hurt，wound(1)injure伤害，一般用于由于意外或事故而受伤，也可指损害名誉，伤害感情等。(2)hurt是受伤的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害。(3)wound通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。巧学助记[自填助记]用injure，hurt，wound填空①Whatreallymewasthatheneveransweredmyletter.②About50peoplewereseriouslyintheattack.③Twomenwereseverelytryingtosavea5yearoldgirlfromtheburninghouse.hurtwoundedinjured4．buryvt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入[教材P26原句]Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。①Manyworkerswereburiedwhentherewasanaccidentatthemine.矿上发生意外事故时，许多矿工都被埋在地下。beburiedin＝buryoneselfin埋头于，专心于beburiedinthought沉思buryoneselfinstudy埋头研究；专心学习buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面巧学助记②hisstudy，hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。③Afterthedivorce，sheburiedherselfinherwork.离婚后，她专心于工作。Buriedin5．judgev．断定；判断；判决n．裁判员；法官；评判员[教材P30原句]Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges，allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.五个裁判听你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。(1)judge...from/by...从……来判断judgebetweenrightandwrong判断是非asfarasIcanjudge据我判断，我认为(2)judgingby/from从……上看，根据……判断①Ican'tjudgewhetherheisrightorwrong.我不能断定他是对还是错。②hisexpression，hewassatisfiedwithmywork.从他的表情判断，他对我的工作很满意。③AsfarasIcanjudge，allofthemweretoblame.据我判断，他们都有责任。Judgingfrom[提醒]judgingfrom/by表示“从……上看，根据……来判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语，而不采用过去分词的形式。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thefiremen________(营救)threewomenfromtheburninghouse.答案：rescued2．Hecouldn'thelp________(爆发)intotearswhenhesawhismotheragain.答案：bursting3．Unluckily，thehousethatwetalkedaboutisin________(废墟)．4．Thesoldiers________(使陷入困境)theirenemiesandforcedthemtogivein.5．Onarrivingthere，weexpressedour________(祝贺)tohi