1.灵感思维与翻译

灵感思维与翻译（inspirationandtranslation)“十年辛苦无处觅，得来只在一念间。”Whatisinaccessibletotenyears’painsisavailableatawhimofthemoment.Purpose:from“faithfulness”,“expressiveness”to“elegance”Requirements:all-roundknowledge,abilitytomanipulateChineselanguage,imagethoughtCriterion:bringtheglamouroflanguagetoitsfullplay(general)Specific:A:灵感译文是种背叛E.g.Ifmymotherhadknownofit,she’dhavediedasecondtime.B：灵感译文是种炼字Changeispartoflifeandthemakingofcharacter,hon.Whenthingshappenthatyoudonotlike,youhavetwochoices:yougetbitterorbetter.Forargument:Iknowcountlessstudentswhoseinquiringmindsexciteme.Iliketoheartheirideas.Idon’tknowiftheyaregettingAsorCs,andIdon’tcare.Ilikethemaspeople.Thecountryneedsthem,andtheywillfindsatisfyingjobs.Itellthemtorelax.Theycan’t.C:灵感译文是一种意境“Ifbeautymeanssomething,yetwemustnotseektointerpretthemeaning.Ifweglimpsetheunutterable,itisunwisetoutterit,norshouldweseektoinvestwithsignificancethatwhichwecannotgrasp.Beautyintermsofourhumanmeaningsismeaningless.”“美即是美，我们大可不必诠释美为何物。只可意会的东西，又何必要牵强地去附会？其实，美之所以妙，妙就妙在不可言传。”E.g.Illnessbroughtherastrangerestlessnessandmadeherallthemoreeagertoclingtolifeandsqueezefromitthelastdropofhappiness.Itmadeherenvyhealth,butitalsomadesentimentaloveraleafthatthewindhadblownintoherroom.“这病使她尤为敏感不安，她愈发急切地想抓住人生，似乎是要把人生的幸福挤到最后的一滴而后已。这病使她多么羡慕人家的健康，也使她多愁善感，见一叶飘零，随风入室，便愁绪满怀，无以自解。”D灵感是一种巧合Theprofessortappedonhisdeskandshouted:“Youngman,Order!”-----theentireclassyelled:“Beer!”E.灵感是一种突破“I’mneveratalossforaword,Pittisneveratalossfortheword.”Ifwedonothangtogether,weshallmostassuredlyhangseparately.(BenjaminFranklin)F.makingsofthetranslator:1.All-roundknowledge译者应该是个“有常识的人”，他的反应机制（reactionmechanism）必须具备高度的灵敏性，这与先天的素质（prenatalmakings）和后天的训练（postnataldiscipline）息息相关。Herosejointbyjoint,asacarpenter’sruleopens.2.GoodfoundationinChineseHeisafoolwhocannotbeangry,butheisreallyawisemanwhowillnot.愚者不知怒，智者能制怒。ParallelismParallelismmeansthebalancingofsentenceelementsthataregrammaticallyequal.Tomakethemparallel,balancenounswithnouns,verbswithverbs,prepositionalphraseswithprepositionalphrases,clauseswithclauses,andsoforth.Balancenounswithnouns:(nounphrases)Onehundredyearslater,thelifeoftheNegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregationandthechainsofdiscrimination.Inspiteofthedifficultiesandfrustrationofthemoment,Istillhaveadream.ItisadreamdeeplyrootedinAmericandream.IhaveadreamthateventhestateofMississippi,adesertstateswelteringwiththeheatofinjusticeandoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.Parallelinfinitivephrases:Withthisfaithwewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojailtogether,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday.Thisisnotimetoengageintheluxuryofcoolingoffortotakethetranquilizingdrugofgradualism.ItwouldbefatalforthenationtooverlooktheurgencyofthemomentandtounderestimatethedeterminationoftheNegro.Parallelprepositionalphrases:Theywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Whenweletfreedomring,whenweletitringfromeveryvillageandeveryhamlet,fromeverystateandeverycity,wewillbeabletospeedupthatdaywhenallofGod’schildren,blackmenandwhitemen,JewsandGentiles,….Willbejoinhandsandsinginthewords….I’dsweatedthroughmyshareofstabwoundsofbelly,ofpuncturedlungs,ofcompoundoffractures.Itwasnotanger,norsurprise,nordisapproval,norhorror,noranyoftheemotionsthatshehadbeenpreparedfor.Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Readingmakethafullman,conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Parallelclauses:Manyofourwhitebrothershavecometorealizethattheirdestinyistiedupwithourdestinyandtheirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom.Ihaveadreamthateveryvalleyshallbeexalted,everyhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplacewillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplacewillmadestraight,andthegloryoftheLordshallberevealed,andallfleshshallseeittogether.Thenoticewhichyouhavebeenpleasedtotakeofmylabors,haditbeenearly,haditbeenkind;butithasbeendelayedtillIamindifferent,andcannotenjoyit;tillIamsolitary,andcannotimpartit;tillIamknown,anddonotwantit.(SamuelJohnson:lettertoLordChesterfield)阁下于我辛劳之枉顾，如其到来稍早，亦必会令人感戴。然而延及至今，我已麻木不仁，而不知感受矣；我已孑然一身，而无人得与费分享矣；我已功成名就，而无此必要矣。Parallelsentences:Kindheartsarethegardens;kindthoughtsaretheroots;kindwordsaretheflowers;kinddeedsarethefruits.Every23minutes,whodies?Amotherwhowillnevercomfortthechildwhoneedsher.Awomanwhowillneverknowhowverymuchherfriendsdependedonher.Amanwhosecontributionstohiscommunitywouldhavemadeadifference.Awifewhosehusbandcannotpicturethefuturewithouther.Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair.Euphemism1、词性转换他的话离题了。他逐渐赢得了我们的信任。Histalkbranchedofffromthesubject.Hewormedhimselfintoourconfidence.2、词义引申他要独自一人去欧洲，父母对此紧蹙双眉。我考虑几天再给你答复。听到这则消息他的笑容收敛了。我的兴趣爱好与他的格格不入。赋税沉重，人民不堪忍受。HewantedtogotoEuropebyhimself,butherparentsfrownedupontheidea.I’llchewitoverforafewdaysandgiveyouareply.Hissmilesuddenlyfrozeatthenews.Myinterestsclashwithhis.Thepeoplegroanedundertheloadoftaxes.3、以实喻虚他的小说是时代的一面镜子。英语是通向如此丰富知识的一座桥梁。露西打网球的水平鹤立全班。这位老红军战士于己于1958年解甲归农。年轻的女教师热情教诲儿童。学生们竭尽全力攀登山峰。歹徒死死地捆绑了少女。Hisnovelisamirrorofthetimes.En