粉煤灰的形成和特性及其应用前景

221Vol122No1119991COALCONVERSIONJan11999X1)2),,.,,,,,TQ53614,TQ5310,.,,,5.5t.,;,,,.,,,,[1],.,,.1111,,125,84.().[2],.(75Lm),.:(1);(2).30ms100ms,1s.,(13001500),,2,2,1%,9915%,.[3]:(),(slagging)(fouling);(100Lm),(bot2tomash);,,(10Lm),.,5ö9520ö80.112,()()X(984070700).1),,454000;2),(),100083:1998210210©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved..,.,,,,,.[4],,,,.,,;,,.,,,.,,,,,,.,.,;,;[5];,.,(1s2s),,,.2211,(ASTMC618-80),F,CaO10%;C,CaO10%.,.1,CaO,MgO,SO3,.1Table1ChemicalcompositionofflyashfromChinaChemicalcompositionFlyash(classF)Flyash(classC)SiO2331959172025Al2O3161535141015Fe2O31151614912CaO01810143545ChemicalcompositionFlyash(classF)Flyash(classC)MgO01701935SO3011124Na2O0121110106K2O0172190126L1O1I11122315013215,,,.2,,SiO2,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO;,SiO2Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,K2O,MgO;Fe2O3,CaOMgO.2Table2ChemicalcompositionofflyashandbottomashfromapowerplantinHenanprovinceChemicalcompositionFloatedspheresSinkedspheresZMagneticspheresFlyashBottomashSiO25010050100191604319053151Al2O34410034100131503710033140Fe2O3110051205912021704124TiO211001140015211500160K2O01502140011001701130Na2O01600180012001710164CaO11003130317031804180MgO01301170218201601104L1O1I111601100-91000120212,,,,.,111©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(3).3Table3Mineralcompositionofflyash(classF)fromChinaMineralsRangeAveragevalueQuartz0191815811Mullite21734112112Hematite04170111Magnetite0141318218Glass51079106014,,,,1718%,2715%.[6]HF,,.,,Fe3O4,A2Fe2O3,C2Fe2O3,.[7],,.,,.,,CaO,CaSO4,B2C2S,C3S,C3A,C2AS,C5A3,.213,(),,,,30Lm200Lm,,,,,,FisherPlerospheres().[8],.,10Lm150Lm,,,,.[5],,,.,.[9]214,,(As,Pb,Ni,Cr,Cd,Be,Hg,Tl)(U,Th)(Ga,Ge,U)..,(4),;,,,;,,.4Table4Classificationofelementsincoal(fromMeij,1996)Class1Class2cClass2bClass2aClass3Al,Ca,Ce,CsBa,CrBe,CoAs,CdB,BrEu,Fe,Hf,KMn,NaCu,NiGe,MoCl,FLa,Mg,Sc,SmRb,SrP,UPb,SHg,ISi,Sr,Th,TiV,W,Tl,ZnN,Se,,.,,Ba,Co,Cr,Mn,Ni,Pb,As,B,Cd,Cu,Hg,Mo,Sb,Se,V,Zn.[10,11],,.3311,,211999©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,Al2O3SiO2.,Al2O3,SiO2(K2O,Na2O,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO);,,,.,.,,.,.,;,,;,.,.,,,,.[12].,SO2[13],;,,,.,,.,,,,.(Ga,Ge,U),,,.,.,.,.;.312,,.,.,,,,.,,.,,,.,,.,,.,.,,,.4411,,.,.,.50,;60,;80,,,.,,.412,,,.15,.2000,116t.,.:(1),311©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,.(2),,.(3),.,(FBCA)(FGD2Bps),NOx,.,,.(4).,,.(5).,,,,;,,.(6),,.,,,,.1FisherGL,PrenticeBA,SibermanDetal.EnvionSciTech,1978,12(4):4472CreelmanRA,WardCR.IntJofCoalGeol,1996,30:2492693..:,1994.81824ShikobaoM,RamsdenAR.In:BryersRWed.AshDepositsandCorrosionduetoImpuritiesinCombustionGases,NowYork:HemispherePublishingCompany,1978.67745RamsdenAR,ShibaokaM.AtmosEnviron,1982,16(9):21916,..:,1997.64697,,.,1985,12(4):3753768FisherGL,ChangDPY,BrumeerM.Science,1976,192:5535559.,1990,15(2):808510HansenLD,SilbermanD,FisherGLetal.EnvironSciTech,1984,18:18118611EaryLE,RaiD,MattigodSVetal.JEnvironQual,1990,19:20221412SunJunmin,LiYuqiong.In:TheFourteenthInternationalPittsburghCoalConference&Workshop,Taiyuan,199713BooherHB,MartelloDV,TamiliaJPetal.Fuel,1994,73(2):205FORMINGMECHANISMSANDPROPERTIESANDUTILIZATIONPROSPECTSOFPULVERISEDCOALASHSunJunminandHanDexin3(JiaozuoInstituteofTechnology,454000Jiaozuo;3ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechology,100083Beijing)ABSTRACTThemorphological,chemicalandmineralogicalpropertiestraceelementdistri2butionaswellastheformingmechanismsofthemicro2particlesfrompulverisedcoalashareex2pounded.Furthermore,theutilizationpotentialandthepollutiononemvironmentofflyasharee2valuatedcomprehensivly.Finally,onthebasisofthereviewontheutilizationaspectsofflyashinthepast,someproposalsareputintoforwardinthispaper.KEYWORDSpulverisedcoalash,formingmechanism,micro2structures,chemicalandmineralogicalporperties,traceelement,comprehensiveutilization411999©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.