Comparison of Negative Skin Friction between Theor

ComparisonofNegativeSkinFrictionbetweenTheoreticalMethodsandPILENEGProgramLimFangLiang11Undergraduate,FacultyofCivilEngineering,UniversitiTeknologiMalaysia2006ThispaperdescribesaboutthecomparisonofnegativeskinfrictioncalculatedbytheoreticalmethodsandPILENEGprogram.Negativeskinfrictionisadownwardfrictionthatactsontheembeddedpilesasaresultofsubsoilsettlement.Calculationofnegativeskinfrictioncanbedonebasedonseveraltheoreticalmethods.TheresultsfromfivedifferenttheoreticalmethodswerecomparedwithasoftwareprogramcalledPILENEG.ThemostaccuratemethodwhichiscompatiblewithPILENEGprogramisdetermined.TheresearchfocusontwocasestudieslocatedinPetalingJayaandBandarBotanic,KlanginMalaysia.COMPARISONOFNEGATIVESKINFRICTIONBETWEENTHEORETICALMETHODSANDPILENEGPROGRAMLIMFANGLIANGUNIVERSITITEKNOLOGIMALAYSIAPSZ19:16(Pind.1/97)iUNIVERSITITEKNOLOGIMALAYSIABORANGPENGESAHANSTATUSTESIS♦JUDUL:COMPARISONOFNEGATIVESKINFRICTIONBETWEENTHEORETICALMETHODSANDPILENEGPROGRAMSESIPENGAJIAN:2005/2006SayaLIMFANGLIANGmengakumembenarkantesis(PSM/Sarjana/DoktorFalsafah)*inidisimpandiPerpustakaanUniversitiTeknologiMalaysiadengansyarat-syaratkegunaansepertiberikut:1.TesisadalahhakmilikUniversitiTeknologiMalaysia.2.PerpustakaanUniversitiTeknologiMalaysiadibenarkanmembuatsalinanuntuktujuanpengajiansahaja.3.Perpustakaandibenarkanmembuatsalinantesisinisebagaibahanpertukaranantarainstitusipengajiantinggi.4.**Silatandakan(9)(TANDATANGANPENULIS)(TANDATANGANPENYELIA)AlamatTetap:18,JALANWARAS2,TAMANCONNAUGHT,56000CATATAN:*Potongyangtidakberkenaan.**JikatesisiniSULITatauTERHAD,silalampirkansuratdaripadapihakberkuasa/organisasiberkenaandenganmenyatakansekalisebabdantempohtesisiniperludikelaskansebagaiSULITatauTERHAD.‹TesisdimaksudkansebagaitesisbagiIjazahDoktorFalsafahdanSarjanasecarapenyelidikan,ataudisertasibagipengajiansecarakerjakursusdanpenyelidikan,atauLaporanProjekSarjanaMuda(PSM).(HURUFBESAR)CHERAS,KUALALUMPUR.NamaPenyeliaTarikh:24APRIL2006Tarikh:24APRIL2006PMDR.KHAIRULANUARKASSIM(MengandungimaklumatyangberdarjahkeselamatanataukepentinganmalaysiasepertiyangtermaktubdidalamAKTARAHSIARASMI1972)SULIT(MengandungimaklumatTERHADyangtelahditentukanolehorganisasi/badandimanapenyelidikandijalankan)TERHAD9TIDAKTERHADDisahkanoleh“IherebydeclarethatIhavereadthisthesisandinmyopinionthisthesisissufficientintermsofscopeandqualityfortheawardofthedegreeofBachelorofCivilEngineeringSignature:....................................................NameofSupervisor:Prof.MadyaDr.KhairulAnuarKassimDate:24APRIL2006COMPARISONOFNEGATIVESKINFRICTIONBETWEENTHEORETICALMETHODSANDPILENEGPROGRAMLIMFANGLIANGAthesissubmittedinfulfillmentoftherequirementsfortheawardofthedegreeofBachelorofCivilEngineeringFacultyofCivilEngineeringUniversitiTeknologiMalaysiaAPRIL2006iiIdeclarethatthisthesisentitled“ComparisonofNegativeSkinFrictionBetweenTheoreticalMethodsandPILENEGProgram“istheresultofmyownresearchexceptascitedinthereferences.Thethesishasnotbeenacceptedforanydegreeandisnotconcurrentlysubmittedincandidatureofanyotherdegree.Signature:....................................................Name:LimFangLiangDate:24APRIL2006iiiTomybelovedmotherandfatherivACKNOWLEDGEMENTInpreparingthisthesis,manypeoplehaveshowntheirconcernandcaretowardsthecompletionofthisresearch.Theyhavecontributedtowardsmyunderstandingandideastocompletethisthesis.Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmyappreciationtomysupervisor,ProfessorMadyaDr.KhairulAnuarKassimforhispatience,encouragement,guidance,criticsandfriendship.IwouldliketoaddressmyappreciationtowardalltheengineersandstafffromGueandPartnersSdnBhdespeciallytoMissMaggie,Mr.NgHoeBoon,Mr.CheahSiewWai,andMr.DarrylFongChewChong.Amillionthankstothemforbeinggenuineandpatiencewithme.Withouttheirsupportandhelp,thisthesiswillneverbeabletobepresentedhere.Allmyfriendswhohelpedmetowardsthecompletionofthisthesiswillneverbeforgotten,youareallapartofthisresearch.Lastly,Iamgratefulformyfamilywhosupportedmeallthewayalthoughtheyarenotabletostaybymysidealways.Thankyou.vABSTRACTNegativeskinfrictionactingonpilefoundationisaseriousproblemaffectingthestabilityandsafetyofstructure.Throughouttheyears,manyresearchershavestudyonthebehaviorofthisphenomenonandwaysofminimizingtheeffectofit.Themainobjectiveofthisstudyistodeterminethemostaccuratemethodtocalculatenegativeskinfriction.TheresultsfromfivedifferenttheoreticalmethodswerecomparedwithasoftwareprogramdevelopedbyJean-LouisBriaudandLarryTuckercalledPILENEG.ThemostaccuratemethodwhichiscompatiblewithPILENEGprogramisdetermined.TwodifferentlocationsatPetalingJayaandBandarBotanic,Klanghavebeenchosenasthecasestudiesforthisstudy.Furthermore,asurveyontheengineersinMalaysiawasconductedtofindoutthemostcommonmethodusedtocalculatenegativeskinfriction.Thefindingofthisstudyshowsthatalpha,α-methodisthemostsuitablemethodtobeusedwhencalculatingnegativeskinfrictioninclayfoundation.Thepercentageofdifferencebetweenthealpha,α-methodandPILENEGprogramisminimal,inaddition,thecalculationusingalphaα-methodiseasyandaccurate.viABSTRAKGeserankulitnegatifyangbertindakkeatastapakcerucukm