肠道微生物与人体健康的研究进展-翟齐啸

2013,Vol.34,No.153371111,2,(1.2141222.214122)ZHAIQi-xiao1TIANFeng-wei1WANGGang1CHENWei1,2,(1.SchoolofFoodScienceandTechnology,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214122,China2.StateKeyLaboratoryofFoodScienceandTechnology,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214122,China)AbstractTheintestinalmicrobiota,actingasanimportant“MicrobialOrgan”inthehumanbody,isrelatedtoadiversevarietyofphysiologicalfunctionsincludingimmunity,nutritionandmetabolism.Thisreviewprovidesanoverviewoftheoriginanddevelopmentaswellasrecentprogressontheintestinalmicrobiotainhumans,andinsightsintotheassociationbetweentheintestinalmicrobiotaandthepathogenesisofboweldiseases,obesity,diabetesandothercommonillnesses.Wehopethatthispaperwillcontributetofurtherunderstandingoftheintestinalmicrobiotainhumansandprovidenewideastodevelopregulationstrategiesforhumanhealth.KeywordsQ936A1002-6630(2013)15-0337-051014101.2kg100JoshuaLederberg(superorganism)18861907Metchnikoff1965Dubos[1]1992Bocci[2]3382013,Vol.34,No.1520(T-RFLP)(DGGE)(TGGE)PCR[3-7][8-10]22007(NIH)1.15(humanmicrobiomeproject)20084(MetaHIT)277012Science2011NatureMedicine2011Science2012Nature1030%2012101/32.12005Eckburg[11](Firmicutes)(Bacteroidetes)(Proteobacteria)(Actinobacteria)(Verrucomicrobia)(Fusobacteria)62010MetaHITNature33015010001150160[12](Bacteroides)(Prevotella)(Ruminococcus)[13]2.2[14](65)(2846)16%[15]33[16][17][18][19]()()[20][21]2013,Vol.34,No.153393.12006(COG)[22]2012LachnospiraceaeRuminococcaceaeBacteroidaceaPrevotellaceaRickenellacea[23]3.2(HDAC)G(GPCRs)[24]Olfr78Gpr41[25]()GLP-1[26][27]T(Treg)[28][29]4.1(IBS)IBSIBS[30]IBST[31]IBSIL-1βmRNA(enterochromaffincells)IBS[32](IBD)(UC)()[33]3402013,Vol.34,No.15(NLRP3TollMyD88)[34]4.210[35][36](inflammasomes)(NAFLD)[37]4.320103760203049001002012Nature[38]β[39]insituLactobacillusPediococcusLeuconostocWeissella2013,Vol.34,No.15341’ÁÖÄ