高中英语语言基础知识教学建议

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高中英语语言基础知识教学建议厦门市高中英语学科中心组李锋Withoutgrammarverylittlecanbeconveyed;withoutvocabularynothingcanbeconveyed.语言基础知识的重要性◆以教师讲授意义及用法为主◆词汇呈现、练习脱离语境与情境新课标对词汇教学的要求:“在词汇教学中要从运用的角度出发,而不是定义的角度入手;要与技能结合,而不是单纯的知识灌输”。模块词汇教学应该如何着手呢?词汇教学存在主要问题一、单元教学中词汇教学的时机二、语言学习部分的词汇教学设计三、课堂上有效的词汇检测高中英语词汇教学建议◆借助头脑风暴,复习与学习话题词汇◆有意识地引入目标词汇,扫除阅读障碍◆根据上下文语境猜测词汇的的意思◆设置课文文填空◆根据关键词汇进行课文复述◆回顾话题词汇与表达,提供语言支架单元教学中词汇教学的时机1.Warming-up2.Reading3.Learningaboutlanguage4.Usinglanguage5.Workbook【案例1】Book6Unit3AhealthylifeWhydoadolescentssmoke?Whatistheharmofsmoking?familyenvironmentpeerpressurecuriositystressbreathlesssecond-handdamaginglungspregnantharmsmokingreasons头脑风暴配合图片展示的的同时,可根据学生的回答补充引入部分生词,并板书在黑板上。peerpressureresistcigarettesexpectababyoutofbreathSomeadolescentssmokebecauseofpeerpressure.Theyareunabletoresistcigarettesbecauseeveryonearoundhimissmoking.Ifasmokerisexpectingababy,hersmokinghabitmaycauseproblems.Somesmokersfindthemselvesoutofbreathafterrunning.【案例2】Book8Unit2Cloning(1)Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.A.simpleB.difficultC.unusual(2)Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.Manyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed.complicated.反义词√start/takeupapieceofworktaskattempts阅读中猜测词义(3)ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.CloningscientistwerecastdowntofindthatDolly’sillnessweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.(4)Governmentbecamenervousandmoreconservative.Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning...A.notlikingchangeB.welcomingnewthingsdisappointed/upsetdisturbingnewsDolly’sillnessforbaderesearch√【案例3】Book5Unit2SightseeinginLondonLondonTowerfirstdelight…fancyremainstandingStPaul’sCathedralTherefollowed…splendidGreenwich/longitudelineWhatinterestedhermost…hadaphototakenBritishMuseum…wasthrilledby…Chinesepotsproud根据关键词汇进行课文复述【案例4】Book2Unit1CulturalRelicsWriting:IntroducetheOldSummerPalaceoroneoftheculturalrelicsyouareinterestedin.Requirements:1.Useatleast2attributiveclauses.2.Useatleast3followingwordsorexpressions:designtroopremovemysteryvaluableworthartistamazingstylepaintingsurvivedynastybelongtoatwarthinkhighlyofdecoratewithThere’snodoubtthat...回顾话题词汇与表达,提供语言支架人教版workbook部分有很多词汇练习可以选用。比如模块一第一单元的Usingwordsandexpressions部分的练习设置为:第1题为翻译练习。此练习针对本单元的重点词汇进行操练,如addup;calmdown;recover;settle;getalongwith等核心词汇。第2题为词组辨析,结合句子语境来对get的相关词组进行辨析,突破重难点。教师可以将此部分练习与词汇学习进行整合,做到学用结合。选择利用Workbook的练习◆英文释义◆话题词汇网络◆词块整理◆分类记忆◆构词法◆同义词、反义词…◆词汇的呈现方式◆词汇练习注意语境与情境的创设◆语言输出活动紧扣词汇输入1.词汇学习方法的指导2.词汇教学设计语言学习部分的词汇教学【案例5】Book1Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero1.Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.2.WhenheorganizedtheANCyouthleague,IjoineditassoonasIcould.3.Untiltoday,wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.4.Thegirlwasselflesslydevotedtoherfather.5.Herhusbandisverymeanaboutmoney.______atimeorstatethatsomethingreachedasitgrows._______showinggreatloveforsomeoneorsomething.______helpandadvicegiventosomeone_______unkind;ungenerous______groupofpeopleorganizedforaspecialpurpose英文释义【案例6】Book1Unit4Earthquake让学生复习课文,根据文章内容整理相关词汇,并讨论是否有其它文中没出现的词汇。同时可以增加地震的前兆、地震逃生等子话题,围绕地震来建立词汇网络,拓展词汇量。earthquakefeelingdamagesignsrescuenervousshockedlonelyruinshomelessdeatharmydoctorsvolunteerswellanimalscracks话题词汇网络【案例7】Book6Unit3Ahealthylife在学完本单元后,教师可指导学生归纳描述健康生活话题的相关词块,尤其是谈论抽烟的相关表达,如becomeaddictedtocigarettes;becomeaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit;withdrawalsymptoms;becomementallyaddicted;itwasverydifficulttoquit;theharmfuleffectsofsmoking;doterribledamagetoyourlungs;becomepregnant;Ibecomebreathlessquickly;strengthenyourresolve等。词块记忆determination;getadoctor’sdegree;bebornin…;perseverance;dropoutofschool;succeedindoing;achievehisdreamof…;furtherone’sstudyabroad;bebroughtupin;couragetotakeanychallenge;neversubmittoobstacles;majorin;graduatefrom…;makeagreatcontributionto…;【案例8】以下词汇是介绍人物时常用的词汇,请给以下词汇分类,并补充更多同类别的词。Personalinformation:___________________________Educationexperiences:_________________________Achievements:_____________________________Personality/Whyyouadmirehim/her?___________分类记忆AdjectiveNounNounAdjectiveAdverbkindkindnesscarecarefulcarefullyselfishhopelonelypeaceLearningaboutlanguage部分有很多关于构词法的练习,在教学中应该充分利用,使学生有意识地整理常用词缀,并运用构词法去识记生词,拓展词汇量。同时,教师可以提供语境对部分重要词汇进行练习,提高词汇运用的准确性。用单词的适当形式填空◆Icalledinthehopeoffindingherathome.◆I'mhopefulthatthey'llfulfillthetaskontime.◆Hopefullythingswillimproveinthenewyear.◆Hewasdisappointedsooftenthathebecamehopeless.【案例9】Book1Unit5NelsonMandela构词法【案例10】Book4Unit1Womenofachievements◆Shesawmyfriendandignoredhimashedancedhappily.Shesawmyfriendandobservedhimashedancedhappily.◆Heknewwhathewasdoinganditwasnotworthit.Heknewwhathewasdoingbutitwasworthwhile.◆Itisunusualforpeopletoagreeaboutthepriceofanewcar.Itisusualforpeopletoargueaboutthepriceofanewcar.同义词、反义词【案例11】Book2Unit1CulturalrelicsGuessingGame◆ItwassohardtobuildthathowtheancientChinesepeoplebuiltitremainsamystery.◆Everyonethinkshighlyofit’sgreatness.◆Itwasusedfortroopsofsoldierstostopoutsiderswhencountrieswereatwar.词汇的呈现方式◆Itisastatue,whichwasmadein1886inFrance.◆ItwasremovedfromFrancetotheUSasagift.◆Itisafemalefigure,whoholdsatorchinonehand.◆Th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