India introduction 印度最全英文介绍

GeographyClimateCuisinebelongstotropicalmonsoonclimatetakeBombayforexampletsunamidroughtThemainplacesofinterestinIndiaTajMahal泰姬陵•Itwasbuiltforthewifeoftheking-Shahjahan沙贾汗inMughaldynasty（莫卧儿王朝）.•Itwasunderthenameofthetitleoftheconcubine妃子.ItmeansthefirstwomaninPalace.RedFort德里红堡•ItwasthepalaceofMughaldynasty.•ItwasatypicalMughalstylebuilding.Nalan-da那兰陀•ThesiteofBuddhistholylands.ThesitofBuddhistholylandsCuisine-----Food•Avegetariankingdom•Milkandtea•Mutton•Tobaccoandalcoholarenotpopular•NoknifeandforkfeaturesIndianChaiART&LANGUGELANGUAGE&LITERATURE•1652•33•18•ENGLISHANDHINDILANGUAGEDANCE•NorthernIndiandanceMannypooleydanceCuttackdance•SouthernIndiandanceBharatanatyamGetakelidanceBellyDancePAINTINGTheevolutionofIndiaartstyleisaffectednotonlybythebeautyofformautonomylaw,butalsorestrictedbytheIndiareligion,philosophytransmutation•Buddhistart•HinduArtARCHITECTURE•TheIndiaRiverandtheGangesRiverareoneoftheancientworldcivilizationdevelopedarea,isthebirthplaceofBuddhism,BrahmanismandJainism,laterleftarichandcolorfulbuildings.SociallifeofIndia•Religion•Interestingsocialcustomsandtraditions•IdeasandbeliefsJainism耆那教Christianism基督教Buddhism佛教Sikhism锡克教Islam伊斯兰教Hinduism印度教VariousReligions•Deeplyinfluentedbyreligions•ReligiousdiversityBUDDHISM佛教﹠JAINISM耆那教CHRISTIANISM基督教﹠SIKHISM锡克教HINDUISM印度教﹠ISLAM伊斯兰教Hinduism•The3rdlargestTheoldestextantreligion•Morethan800millionadherents---82%ofpeople•Polytheism多神论---morethan300milliondeities•Castesystem种姓制度---BrahminKshatriyaVaishyaSūdra•Idea---ThesoulsofpeopleareperpetualThefaneofHinduism---PrambanamWeareHOLYCATTLE.SymbolofHinduismEverymorning，manyHindusbathintheholywaterofVaranasiGangesRiver(瓦拉纳西恒河)WorshipJainismHolyplaceofJainism---Udaipur•“jai”meanssuccess.Nameofadeity.•4.2millionworshippers.•HighsocialstatusPowerful,richandinfluentialThefaneofJainismreligiousactivitiesSikhism•AgainstwithHinduism•AgainstwithCastesystem•Butwanttoeliminatetheconflictamongeveryreligions•BelievetheonlydeityThefaneofSikhism---DaikinTempleCostumeofsikhismSymbolThenationalflowerofIndiaNationalbirdTraditionalSocialCultureTheinfluencesofHinduismandthetraditionofthecastesystemhavecreatedaculturethatemphasizesestablishedhierarchicalrelationships.Indiansarealwaysconsciousofsocialorderandtheirstatusrelativetootherpeople.Allrelationshipsinvolvehierarchies.EtiquettesandtaboosJustCan'tSayNo•Indiansdonotliketoexpress'no,'AnIndianwouldbeconsideredterriblyrudeifyousaid“no”.•MeetingEtiquette•Normalgreeting:Holdhands,palmstogether,underthechinandsay,Namaste,meanspeace.•AlighthandshakeisconsideredthemostpoliteformofgreetinginIndia.Itisconsideredimpolitetoofferyourhandfirsttoshakewithawomen,becauseofreligiousbeliefs.Washingwithlefthand……Iamthe“right”hand.Itispolitetoshakewithyourrighthands.Don’ttouch!Ifyoutouchothers’head,youwillmakethemunhappy.HolyheadLikeDislike•Historicalevents•Ceremony•FestivalsIndiaImportantEventsInIndianHistory•1.PartitionofIndia&Pakistan(1947)•2.FramingofConstitution(1950)•3.GoldenTempleAssault(1984)•4.MissileLaunchesandGreenRevolution(20thcentury)HinduBabyNamingCeremony-Namkaran•Mostlyonthe11thor12thdayafterdelivery•Femalerelativesgatheraroundthecradleandsingtraditionalfolksongs•Blessthechildandthemothertogethergivingsomegiftitems•AfeastforallthefamilymembersWedding•Bridealwaysinredorwhite,withjewelryandlongwreathwithroses•Threeparts:footwashing,handholding,scatteringflowerretals•Eattraditionalcandy•Afterfeast,thebridehasacryFuneral•FormanyHindusburyingtheirdead,themostcommonpracticeistocrematethebody,collecttheashes,onthefourthday,dispersetheashesinasacredbodyofwaterPopularFestivalsinIndia•NO.1Diwali--FestivalofLights,(5November).•NO.2Holi--FestivalofColors,(1March).•NO.3Onam--OnamisatraditionaltendayharvestfestivalthatmarksthehomecomingofthemythicalKingMahabali.(23August)•NO.4PushkarCamelFair--Anastonishing50,000camelsconvergeonthetinydeserttownofPushkar.