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SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气有动词的不同形式来表示。一：陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、或感叹等形式。Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!一.语气的分类二、祈使语气(TheImperativeMood),用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。Let’shaveatalk.Don’tjumpinthequeue.Openthedoor,please.三：虚拟语气：表示所叙述的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、建议、猜测或使语气婉转。1。Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotopicnic.如果明天下雨，我们就不去野餐了。2。IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tloseheart.我要是你，我不会灰心的。（我不是你）。3。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要是他在这里，一切都没问题了。（他不在这里）包含条件从句的句子成为条件句。条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句。（如果假设的情况是有可能发生的。）一类是虚拟条件句。（表示纯粹假设或实现可可能性不大）。1、虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.无论主语是第几人称。1)Ifhe______todoso,hecouldfindthetime.A.wantsB.wantedC.wouldwantD.haswanted2)IfI____abird,I____veryhappy.A.were,wouldbeB.am,shallbeC.am,wouldbeD.were,shallbeBA2）与将来事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：1)IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.2)IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.3)IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.1）过去时would,should,could,might+do2）should+动词原形3)wereto+动词原形1)Ifhe____inadayortwo,Iwouldwaitforhim.A.returnsB.shouldhavereturnedC.weretoreturnD.hadreturned2)Idon’tthinkhewillattendtheparty.Butifhe____theparty,whatwouldhewear?A.shouldattendB.wouldattendC.attendD.hadattendedCA3)与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：★Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.★Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.had+动词的过去分词would,should,could,might+have+done1)Ifyou____thedoctor’sadvice,youwouldhaverecoveredalready.A.followedB.wouldfollowC.followD.hadfollowed2)Ididn’tknowSmithwascominguntilnow.Ifyouhadletmeknowyesterday,I____totheairporttomeethim.A.wouldhavegoneB.wouldgoC.willhavegoneD.willgoDA3)What____lastnightifyou____todoyourwashing?A.wouldyoudo,hadn’thadB.wouldyouhavedone,hadn’thadC.wouldyoudo,didn’thaveD.wouldyouhavedone,didn’thave4)IfIhadhurried,thetrain____.A.wouldcatchB.wouldhavecaughtC.hadcaughtD.wouldhavebeencaughtBD条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来过去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气IfI____________busylastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegoneIfhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.wouldnothavehadhaddrivenIfI___________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I________________________(telephone)youyesterday..hadknownwouldhavetelephoned二、有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。这种现象称之为“错综时间条件句”。1）Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbewellnow.2）IfIwereyou，Iwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.过去过去现在现在1)Ifshe_____themedicineearlier,she______illnow.A.takes;won'tbeB.took;wouldn'tbeC.hadtaken;wouldn'tbeD.hadtaken;wouldn'thavebeen2)Ifyou____withGeorgeyesterdaymorning,youwouldnotbesoangrynow.A.talkedB.hadtalkedC.couldtalkD.weretotalkCB三.、假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词可以把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.=WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.=HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?=Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?____today,hewouldgetthereonFriday.A.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.IfheisleavingCIfitisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothepark.注意：If引导的条件从句，不是全部都用虚拟语气。如果从句的事实有可能发生，那么，它的主句和从句的谓语动词的形式是：主为将，从为现。二.虚拟语气特殊句型:1).wish的宾语从句现在:过去时（were）过去:过去完成时(haddone)未来:would/could/might+V.(原)should•Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.•IwishIhadn'teatensomuchfoodyesterday.•IwishIwouldbeascientist.IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.1)–DidyouseeRosebeforeshewenttoEngland?--No.IwishI____her.A.seeB.sawC.hadseenD.shouldsee2)–Joehasthreesisters,doesn’the?--Nowonderhewisheshe____abrother.A.hadB.willhaveC.haveD.canhave3)–MaybePaulawillbringusgoodnewsaboutouttests.--Iwishshe_____.A.doesB.bringsitC.willD.wouldCAD2.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气。1).由动词（一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求）引导的宾语从句。用虚拟语气should+V.或者省略should,即1).坚持insist2).命令order,command3).建议advise,suggest,propose4).要求demand,require,request,ask•Weinsistedthey(should)notbepresentatsuchgathering.•Heorderedthatall(should)takepartinthework.•Hesuggestedwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.•Theyrequestedthatwe(should)havelunchwiththem.注意:当suggest表示“暗示,表明”insist表示“坚持认为”时,不用虚拟语气:Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.•Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.1)Wedemandedthathe____thebillbytheendofthemonth.A.wouldpayB.payC.paidD.hadpaid2)--DidyourfathergotoNewYork?--No,hisdoctorsuggestedthathe____.A.notgoB.isn’tgoingC.didn’tgoD.won’tgo3)Hissayingsuggestedhe___withherwords.A.notagreeB.didn’tagreeC.hadn’tagreeD.doesn’tagreeBAB4)–I’veheardthatJohnwrotealonglettertothepresident.--Hisuncleinsistedthathe____it.A.didB.haddoneC.doD.woulddo5)IinsistedthatI____myhomeworklastnight.A.didB.haddoneC.doD.woulddoCB2).wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时1.IfIh