iihs侧面碰撞评级方法Side impact crash test protocol (versi

SideImpactCrashworthinessEvaluationCrashTestProtocol(VersionV)May2008SideImpactCrashworthinessEvaluationCrashTestProtocol(VersionV)SupportingdocumentsfortheInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafety(IIHS)sideimpactcrashtestprogramareavailablefromthetechnicalprotocolssectionoftheIIHSwebsite().DocumentRevisionHistoryAdocumentrevisionhistoryisprovidedintheAppendix.TestConditionsImpactConfigurationSideimpactcrashtestsconsistofastationarytestvehiclestruckonthedriver’ssidebyacrashcartfittedwithanIIHSdeformablebarrierelement(version4).The1,500kgmovingdeformablebarrier(MDB)hasanimpactvelocityof50km/h(31.1mi/h)andstrikesthevehicleonthedriver’ssideata90-degreeangle.Thelongitudinalimpactpointofthebarrieronthesideofthetestvehicleisdependentonthevehicle’swheelbase.Theimpactreferencedistance(IRD)isdefinedasthedistancerearwardfromthetestvehicle’sfrontaxletotheclosestedgeofthedeformablebarrierwhenitfirstcontactsthevehicle(Figure1).Evaluationtestingoftheimpactconfigurationhasbeenpreviouslyreported(Dakinetal.,2003).Figure1MovingDeformableBarrierAlignmentwithTestVehicle©2008InsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafetySideImpactCrashTestProtocol(VersionV)1005N.GlebeRoad,Arlington,VA22201.Allrightsreserved.May2008—1TheMDBalignmentcalculationwasconfiguredtomaximizeloadingtotheoccupantcompartmentandallowalignmentofthedriverdummyheadwiththeflatportionofthebarrierface.FormostvehiclestheMDBalignmentalsoalignsthereardummyheadwithsomeportionofthebarrier.IfthealignmentcalculationallowstheflatportionoftheMDBfacetooverlapeitherthefrontorreartires,theimpactalignmentmaybemodifiedtopreventdirectloadingtothesestructuresearlyinthecrash.TodateonlyonesuchvehiclehasbeentestedbyIIHS,theSmartFortwo(186cmwheelbase).Currentlythereisnosetalignmentruleforvehiclesthatfallintothiscategory,thereforeimpactalignmentwillbedeterminedonacase-by-casebasis.ManufacturersmaycontactIIHSforimpactpointdeterminationand/orconfirmationofimpactpointduringthevehicledevelopmentprocess.IRDcalculation:Ifwheelbase250cm,thenIRD=61cmIf250cm≤wheelbase≤290cm,thenIRD=(wheelbase÷2)–64cmIfwheelbase290cm,thenIRD=81cmTheMDBisacceleratedbythepropulsionsystemuntilitreachesthetestspeed(50km/h)andthenisreleasedfromthepropulsionsystem25cmbeforethepointofimpactwiththetestvehicle.Theimpactpointtoleranceis±2.5cmofthetargetinthehorizontalandverticalaxes.Theimpactspeedtoleranceis50±1km/h.TheMDBbrakingsystem,whichappliesthetestcart’sservicebrakesonallfourwheels,isactivated1.0secondsafteritisreleasedfromthepropulsionsystem.Thebrakesonthetestvehiclearenotactivatedduringthecrashtest.IIHSMDBPropertiesTheMDBconsistsofanIIHSdeformablealuminumbarrier(version4)andthecarttowhichitisattached.ThecrashcartissimilartotheoneusedinFederalMotorVehicleSafetyStandard(FMVSS)214sideimpacttestingbuthasseveralmodifications(Figure2).Thewheelsonthecartarealignedwiththelongitudinalaxisofthecart(0degrees)toallowforperpendicularimpact.Thefrontaluminummountingplatehasbeenraised100mmhigheroffthegroundandhasbeenextended200mmtallerthanastandardFMVSS214carttoaccommodatetheIIHSdeformablebarrierelement(makingthemountingplate’stopsurface300mmhigherfromthegroundthantheFMVSS214barrier).Steelplatesareaddedasnecessarytoincreasethemassofthecart.TheMDBtestweightis1,500±5kgwiththedeformableelement,testinstrumentation,camera,andcameramount.TheMDBcenterofgravityinthefullyequippedtestconditionis990±25mmrearwardofthefrontaxle,0±25mmfromthelateralcenterline,and566±25mmfromtheground.TheMDBroll(IX),pitch(IY),andyaw(IZ)momentsofinertiaare542kg-m2,2,471kg-m2,and2,757kg-m2,respectively.Thedeformableelementis1,676mmwide,hasaheightof759mm,andagroundclearanceof379mmwhenmountedonthetestcart(Figure3).DetailedinformationontheIIHSbarrierdevelopmentandevaluationtestinghasbeendocumentedpreviously(Arbelaezetal.,2002).TheIIHSdeformablebarrierdesignandperformancecriteriaaredocumentedintheSideImpactMovingDeformableBarrierSpecification(IIHS,2007a).Figure2IIHSTestCartwithDeformableBarrierElementAttached©2008InsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafetySideImpactCrashTestProtocol(VersionV)1005N.GlebeRoad,Arlington,VA22201.Allrightsreserved.May2008—2Figure3IIHSDeformableBarrierElement(Version4)(allmeasurementsinmillimeters)TestVehiclePreparationTestVehicleSelectionandAcquisitionEachvehicleisinspecteduponarrivalattheresearchcenter.Vehiclesareexaminedtoverifythattheyareinsatisfactoryoperatingconditionandtonotedefectssuchaspriorcollision©2008InsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafetySideImpactCrashTestProtocol(VersionV)1005N.GlebeRoad,Arlington,VA22201.Allrightsreserved.May2008—3damage,missingparts,maladjustments,orfluidleaks.Ifdirectlyrelevanttotesting,suchdeficienciesarecorrectedorareplacementvehicleisprocured.SomeofthevehiclesevaluatedinthesideimpacttestprogramhavebeenusedintheIIHSbumpertestprogram.Suchvehicleshavebeensubjectedtoanimpactonthefrontand/orrearofthevehicleateither5km/h(3.1mi/h)tothecorneror10km/h(6.2mi/h)acrossthefullwidth(IIHS,2007b).Anystructuraldamagepertinenttosideimpactprotectionisrepairedorreplacedbeforethesideimpactcrashtest.Cosmeticdamagei