虚拟语气课件(PPT)

Book6Module5subjuctivemood2015.12WouldyoumindifIopenedthedoor?IwishIhadnotdonethat.语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(常用在名词性从句中)。简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情，就用虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气的概念用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Hesuggestedwe___________(start)offearlythenextday.2.It’shightimeyou___________(go)there.3.Shemadethedemandthatshe____________(leave)atonce.4.HowIwishI_______(be)abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky!5.Iwouldratheryou_______(pay)menow.6.Weinsistedthey______________(notbe)presentatsuchmeeting.7.IfonlyI______(have)anapartmentofmyownnow!8.Johnpretendsasifhe___________(notknow)thethingatall,butinfactheknowsitwell.shouldstartwent/shouldgoshouldleavewerepaidshouldnotbehaddidnotknow1.should+动词原形的结构表示命令、要求、建议等意义的词有关的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。常见动词：一个坚持：insist；两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求：demand,require,request,ask•ExerciseHerpalefacesuggestedthatsheshouldbeill.SoIsuggestedthatsheshouldbesenttothehospital,butsheinsistedthatsheshouldnotbeill._________was______________wasnot注意：如suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。2.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法1）wish/Ifonly+从句现在：过去：未来：would/could/might+V.2）asif/though+从句过去完成时过去时现在：过去：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)3）wouldratherthat-现在/未来:过去：过去时过去完成时4)It’shightime+that-should+V.过去时5)Wouldyoumindif-过去时a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Ifwehavechances,wecanhavefurthercooperation.IfIhaveanotherchance,IwillvisitChinaagain.if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思if条件从句一般现在时主句will\shall+动词原形情态动词+动词原形Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillsleepathomeifitrainstomorrow.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。if引导的虚拟条件句①与现在事实相反②与过去事实相反③与将来事实可能相反IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.与现在事实相反IfIweretheschoolmasterofHuiminNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.与现在事实相反在此处插入图片if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)would(should/might/could)＋动词原形1.IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.2.IfIweretheschoolmasterofHuiminNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.Iftheyoungmanhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.与过去事实相反IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.与过去事实相反Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.与过去事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反的假设had+动词的过去分词1.Iftheyongmanhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.2.IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.3.Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.would(should/might/could)＋havedoneIfImetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…与将来事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与将来事实相反的假设1、动词过去式2、wereto+动词原形3、should+动词原形would(should/might/could)＋动词原形IfImet/weretomeet/shouldmeetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.总结：if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设1、动词过去式2、wereto+动词原形3、should+动词原形动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)would(should/might/could)＋动词原形had+动词的过去分词would(should/might/could)＋havedonewould(should/might/could)＋动词原形（4+1）Exercises1.Ifeveryone___________(know)firstaid,manyliveswouldbesaved.2.IfIhadtakenmoneywithmeyesterday,I___________________(repair)mywatch.3.Ifyou_____________________________(come)tomorrow,Iwouldgofishingwithyou.knewwouldhaverepairedcame/shouldcome/weretocome1.Ifmyfather_____herenow,he______tellmewhattodo.A.were;wouldB.was;willC.hadbeen;wouldD.is;will2.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you____sotired.A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tgetExerciseAB3.Ifit________raintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will4.--Wouldyouhavecalledherup_____possiblethen?--Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…wasB.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…hadbeenD.ifitwere…wouldbeBAExercise5.-Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.-Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_____.A.hadn’tB.haven'tC.didn'tD.don't6.Youdidn'ttakemyadvice,soyoufailedintheexam.（改为虚拟语气）AIfyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.7.IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955，thehousingproblemsnowinsomepartsofthiscountry________soserious.A.wouldn’tbeB.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeenD.wouldhavenotbeenExercisenowin1955A1.错综时间条件句if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)If+主语+had+动词的过去分词即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形（4+1）错综时间虚拟条件句即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。1).Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）3).Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）Exercises1.Ifyou(ask)Tomyesterday,you__________(know)whattodonow.2.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtoday