Vatican City (意大利--梵蒂冈)

VaticanCity(HolySee--圣座)EmblemofVaticanCityFlagofHolySee(VaticanCity)MAPOFROMEGeographyTheVaticanCityStateissituatedontheVaticanhill,ontherightbankoftheTiberRiver,withinthecityofRome.Auniquecollectionofartisticandarchitecturalmasterpiecesliewithintheboundariesofthissmallstate.AtitscentreisStPeter’sBasilica,withitsdoublecolonnadeandacircularpiazzainfrontandborderedbypalacesandgardens.StPeter’sBasilicaMichelangelo:TheDomeofStPeter'sBasilicaMichelangeloconstructedtheimposingdomethatsitsatopSt.Peter'sBasilica.ThisdomeservedastheinspirationforthedomeontheUnitedStatesCapitolBuildinginWashington,D.C.Thebasilica,erectedoverthetombofStPetertheApostle,isthelargestreligiousbuildingintheworld,thefruitofthecombinedgeniusofBramante(1444－1514),Raphael(1483-1520),Michelangelo(1475-1564),andBernini(1598-1680).PopeJuliusIIorderingBramante,MichelangeloandRaphaeltoconstructtheVaticanandSt.Peter'sbyEmileJeanHoraceVernetBramanteTempiettoOneofBramante'sLoggias(verranda)intheCourtofSaintDamasusRaphaelTheThreeGracesMadonnadellGranducaTheEntombmentMichelangeloDavidTheCreationofAdamBerniniApolloandDaphneDavidNileSaintLonginusPiazzaSanPietro,ViewfromBasilica,VaticanCityVaticanCityisthesmallestindependentstateintheworldintermsofinhabitantsandsize.Itoccupiesanareaof44hectares.GovernmentThepopehasfulllegal,executive,andjudicialpowers.Executivepowerovertheareaisinthehandsofacommissionofcardinalsappointedbythepope.TheCollegeofCardinalsisthepope'schiefadvisorybody,anduponhisdeaththecardinalselecthissuccessorforlife.PopeBenedictXVI.Bornin1927inGermany.On19April2005,hewaselectedasthesuccessortoPopeJohnPaulII.Nationalname:StatodellaCittàdelVaticanoRuler:BenedictXVI(2005)Landarea:0.17sqmi(0.44sqkm)Population:824(July2008)Monetaryunit:EuroLanguages:Italian,Latin,French,variousotherlanguagesEthnicity:Italian,Swiss,othersReligion:RomanCatholic.Laborforce:dignitaries,priests,nuns,guards,and3,000layworkerswholiveoutsidetheVatican.Budget:revenues:$310millionexpenditures:$307million(2006)HistoryTheVaticanCityState,sovereignandindependent,isthesurvivorofthepapalstatesthatin1859comprisedanareaofsome44,030sqkm.DuringthestruggleforItalianunification,from1860to1870,mostofthisareabecamepartofItaly.ByanItalianlawofMay13,1871,thetemporalpowerofthepopewasabrogated(abolished),andtheterritoryofthepapacywasconfinedtotheVaticanandLateran(拉特兰)palacesandthevillaofCastelGandolfo(asmalltownasthesummerresidenceofthepope).Thepopesconsistentlyrefusedtorecognizethisarrangement.TheLateranTreatyofFeb.11,1929,betweentheVaticanandthekingdomofItaly,establishedtheautonomyoftheHolySee.VaticanCityTravelGuideThoughthesmallestcity-stateintheworld,itisoneofthemostvisited.Theplaceispackedwithsomeoftheworld’smostbeautifulchurchesandmuseums.Itisamust-see.ThefirstbuildingyouseeisSt.Peter’sBasilica(MichelangelodesignedthedomeandhisPieta[圣母玛利亚抱着基督尸体的雕刻]isexhibitedwithin).PietaPlanatleast3(ormore)hoursinSt.Peter’s:Afterwalkingaroundinside,besuretogototherooffortheviewandtovisititsin-housemuseumandseethegrotto(人工洞室)below(whereSt.Peter,JohnPaulII,andotherpopes,areburied).CardinalspaytheirrespectsatthetomboflatePopeJohnPaulIIinthegrottobeneaththeVatican'sStPeter'sBasilica,April12,2005.Thebaldachin(华盖)overthemainaltarbuiltwithbronzeisaninterestingexampleofbaroquedesign.OtherVaticansitesincludetheApostolicPalace,beautifulgardens,thePiazzaSt.Pietro(St.Peter’sSquare)andtheVaticanmuseum.TheviewoftheBaldachin&thePalad'OroSt.Peter’sBasilicaSt.Peter’sTomb,St.Peter’sBasilicaMichelangelo’sPietainSt.Peter’sBasilicaBernini’s7-storycanopyinSt.Peter’sBasilicaSpectacleinSt.Peter’sBasilicaTheApostolicPalaceRoomsoftheApostolicPalaceTheoutsideoftheSistineChapelTheSistineChapelTheoutsideoftheSistineChapelTheinterioroftheChapelTheceilingpaintingintheSistineChapeltook4yearstomake.Theartist,Michelangelo,took4yearslookingupandpaintingwhilesomeofitsplatedonhisface,imaginethat!TheSistineChapelbuiltbetween1475and1483TheLastJudgmentbyMichelangelobetween1535and1541TheCeilingoftheSistineChapelbyMichelangelobetween1509and1512CreationofEveCreationofman,SistineChapelSistineChapelAltaratVaticanIICouncilVaticanMuseumStaircaseintheVaticanMuseumInsidetheVaticanMuseumInsidetheVaticanMuseumTheornateceilingattheVaticanMuseumbyRaphaelintheVaticanMuseumBronzestatueofHerculesintheVaticanMuseumInsidetheVaticanMuseumStatuesattheVaticanMuseumAtapestryintheVaticanMuseum留学（英美澳法加新六国）租房•留学公寓在线隶属于同维思创网络科技（北京）有限责任公司。公司总部位于国家级大学科技园---中国人民大学文化科技园。•提供免费的海外学生公寓在线预订服务,不收取任何手续费或中介费。留学生直接向海外学生公寓支付费用,无任何中间环节。留学（英美澳法加新六国）租房•最低价格：•√不论在任何城市，确保为您提供最佳价格。•无需支付任何预定中介费用：•√提供免费的海外学生公寓在线预订服务，不收取任何费用。•预订安全可靠：•√学生公寓在线预订系统安全可靠，您的支付信息和个人信息都被加密。我们以最高的标准来保护您的隐私。••公众媒体：企业新闻Facebook人人网Twitter新浪微博•微信公众平台••联系我们：•中国:400-078-3006,[e-mail]•邮编:100872,北京市海淀区,•中关村大街甲59号,人民大学文化大厦1206A室•英国:[phone],[e-mail]•110ProvincialHouse,SollyStreet,•Sheffield,S14BA,UK留学（英美澳法加新六国）租房•公众媒体：企业新闻Facebook人人网Twitter新浪微博•微信公众平台••联系我们：•中国:400-078-3006,[e-mail]•邮编:100872,北京市海淀区,•中关村大街甲59号,人民大学文化大厦1206A室•英国:+44(0)114