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名词性从句25.后边不能直接跟that从句的动词这类动词有allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。e.g.Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.(right)Iadmirethattheywonthematch.(wrong)6.有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句”结构中,常见的有envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,advise,等。如：Heimpressedthemanagerasanhonestman.(right)Heimpressedthemanagerthathewasanhonestman.(wrong)宾语从句须注意1)由疑问词引导的宾语从句中,词序按陈述句顺序排列。2)whether,if引导宾语从句都意为“是否”,但介词后用whether引导,whether…ornot。3)如主句是过去时时,从句的谓语动词表示进行的动作应用过去进行时,表示将要发生的动作应用过去将来时,表示完成的动作时，应用过去完成时。e.g.Isuggested(that)he(should)takeagoodrest.DoyouadvisewhereshegoforatripinChina?5)表示“建议”或“命令”的词有:suggest,propose,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command,ask,advise等，它们的宾语从句用虚拟语气,结构为:~+(that)+主语+(should)do(should可省)。…,doesit?Theydon’tbelieveIamright.…,dothey?4)否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。e.g.Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.6)wouldratherdoAthandoBwouldrather…did…(虚拟语气)e.g.Iwouldratherwalkthantakeabus.我宁愿你告诉我真相。I’dratheryoutoldmethetruth.what与that在引导主语从句,宾语从句和表语从句时的区别what引导主语从句和宾语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,而that则不然。e.g.1)______yousaidyesterdayisright.2)______sheisstillaliveisaconsolation.3)Ican’timagine________itusedtobe.4)Shecalledtome_______shewouldcomehereatsix.WhatThatwhat(that)2.在that引导的表语从句中,that不能用which来替换。1.表语从句可以用that,why,where,when,how,whether,what,who,which等词引导。3.如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示“建议”或者是“命令”之类的词如advice,suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea等,那么从句中的动词通常用should+动词原形。ThePredicativeClause表语从句Mysuggestionisthatweall____________(take)anactivepartinthecomingsportsmeet.Hisproposalwasthatthework_________________(finish)infivehours.shouldbefinishedshouldtake同位语从句通常来说明前面的名词的具体内容,作这些名词的同位语。前面的名词常是:fact,news,idea,hope,wish,promise,truth,reason,suggestion,thought,question,doubt,conclusion,belief,fear,order,possibility,word(“消息”,为不可数名词,前面不加定冠词)。when,where,why,how既能引导定语从句,也能引导同位语从句,但其前面没有含义相应的名词,并且when,where,why,how不能改为“介词＋which”。1.同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue．(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容)Thenewsthathetoldmejustnowistrue．(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息)(that在从句中不充当任何成份)(that在从句中作gave的宾语)2.引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Theideathathegavesurprisesmanypeople．连词“that”引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别引导从句that从句中的作用可否省略同位语从句连接词不担任成分不省略定语从句关系代词主语和宾语作宾语时可省略Analyzethefollowingsentences1.Miketoldmehisideathatwe’dbettergototheteacherforhelp.(that在从句中不充当任何成分即从句完整，该从句为同位语从句)2.TheideathatMiketoldmejustnowwasverygood.(that在从句中作宾语,即从句不完整，该从句为定语从句)