It及There的用法归纳课件形式主语it有下面几种类型:Be+形容词+不定式It’sbettertobeearly.Be+名词+不定式Itwashisdutytotakecareoftheorphans.Be+介词短语+不定式It’sbeyondmetosaywhy.It+及物动词+宾语+不定式Itmakesmesicktothinkaboutit.Be+名词+动名词It’snogoodstandinghereinthecold.Be+形容词+动名词It’shelplesstryingtoconvinceher.其他结构+动名词Itdoesn’tmatterwaitingafewmoredays.it最基本的用法是人称代词,主要代表刚提到的东西以避免重复。Eg1:Lookatthatcar.It’sgoingmuchtoofast.Eg2:Whereisthecarkey?----Iputitinyourdrawer.也可以代表抽象的东西。Eg:It’sallmyfault.也可以指动物或未知性别的婴儿。Eg1:Whatabeautifulbaby---isitaboy?Eg2:Howaboutthebaby?---I’lltakecareofit.还可代表一个彼此都知其何所指的东西。Eg1:Wheredoesithurt?Eg2:Ifhedoesn’tcome,Ican’thelpit.Eg3:Youhavesavedmylife.Ishallneverforgetit.`非人称代词itIt用于代替指示代词,It可以表示“是谁(在某处或做某事)”Eg1:“Who’sthat?”“It’sme.”Eg2:It’syourmotheronthephone.Eg3:“Why,it’syou!”shecried.It还可以用来泛指某件事。Eg1:Isn’titawful!Eg2:Itdoesn’tmatter.it有时并不指具体东西,而指天气、时间、环境、距离等,称为非人称代词it.Eg1:It’sraining.Eg2:It’sTuesdaytoday.Eg3:It’squiethere.Eg4:It’stwomilestothebeach.用于由that引导的主语从句,有下面几种类型:it+be+形容词+that从句:eg:Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.it+be+名词+that从句:eg:It’sashamethatyou’resick.it+动词(+宾语)+that从句eg:Ithappenedthatshewasn’tinthatday.Eg2:Itneveroccurredtomethatperhapsshewaslying.It+动词的被动语态(said/believed/thought/expected/reported/known+that从句eg:It’ssaidthattherehasbeenanearthquakeinIndia.形式宾语itit可以代表不定式:Eg1:Shefounditdifficulttoconvincehim.Eg2:Hefeltithisdutytotakecareofthem.It代表that引导的从句:Eg:Itookitforgranted(that)youwouldbecoming.It间或代表连接代(副)词引导的从句:Eg1:Hehasn’tmadeitclearwhenheiscomingback.Eg2:Theyhaven’tmadeitknownwherethemeetingistotakeplace.1.Itis+被强调部分+that...该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语,宾语,表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.用it起始的句型归纳:2.Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语“直到……才……”,可以说是not...until...的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn'trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain…)that…该句型中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,常译为“清楚(显然,真的,肯定……)”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。Itisveryclearthathe'sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe'sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that...该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同,that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported,learned…)that…该句型中的it仍是形式主语,真正主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉……)”。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherman-madesatellitehasbeenputintoorbit6.Itissuggested(ordered,required...)that...该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省。常译为“据建议;有命令……)”。Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity(ashame...)that...该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去.表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾!Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了,真遗憾!8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟.②有时也用should+动词原形,should不能省。常译为“是(正是)……的时侯……”。Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst(second…)timethat…该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去;it有时用this替换,常译为“是第一(二)……次……”。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.10.Itis…since...该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时,又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时或完成时,since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态,而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时.Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.11.Itis...when...该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的it指时间,表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候,是……”。Itwas5o'clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe...before...该句型主句中的it指时间,主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态.主句中的表语多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为“……之后……”。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.14.Ittakessb.…todosth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,it是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that...该句型中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词.Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧……Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来……15.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是nogood,(notanygood),nouse,(notanyuse)。ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn'tmatterwhether(if)...该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语,该句型常译为“不论(是否)……没关系……。Itdoesn'tmatteriftheyareold.17.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong(错误的)等。这个句型可以改写为:sb.iskindtodosth.Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.18.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有:①imp