英语：状语从句复习课件

状语从句理解表示时间、条件、原因、比较、结果、让步等状语从句，并掌握它们的基本用法考试要求b/c2009年考试说明中提出的考试目标：b级：对知识的领会、理解和转换。c级：对知识的运用、分析和重组。1.I’llringyouupIgettoAmerica．2.______itrainstomorrow,thesportsmeetingwillbeputoff.3.Theywalkedoutoftheroomthemeetingwasover.4.IthinkChineseis____interesting____English.5.Thismountainis______steep______wecanhardlyreachthetop．6.__________sheiseighty,shelooksstrongandhealthy.7.Hesatinthedark_________hecouldn’tbeseen.assoonasIfbecauseasassothatEventhoughsothat填空:Ifsothateventhoughbecauseso…thatas…asassoonas1.I’llringyouupIgettoAmerica．2.______itrainstomorrow,thesportsmeetingwillbeputoff.3.Theywalkedoutoftheroomthemeetingwasover.4.IthinkChineseis____interesting____English.5.Thismountainis______steep______wecanhardlyreachthetop．6.__________sheiseighty,shelooksstrongandhealthy.7.Hesatinthedark_________hecouldn’tbeseen.Whatkindofadverbialclause（状语从句）？assoonasIfbecauseasassothatEventhoughsothat时间条件原因比较结果让步目的TheAdverbialClause状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句比较状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句目的状语从句状语从句在句子中做状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。一、时间状语从句when,while,before,after；since,till/until,not…until；assoonas引导时间状语从句的连词：1.IwaswaitingforthebuswhileImethim.2.Whilehewasdoinghishomework,Ilistenedtotheradio.3.I’lltellyouassoonasI’llknow.4.Weoftenfinishourhomeworkafterwegotobed.5.Wehavebeenfriendsafterwemetatschool.6.Jimdidn’tgotobedsincehismothercameback.改错：whenwaslistening/beforesinceuntil①二者均可表示“当……的时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的是一段时间，二者可通用。ImetJimwhen／whileIwaswalkingalongthestreet．when，while的区别：②when可与终止性动词连用，while只能与延续性动词连用。Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport．（不能用while）③while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内；when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。PleasewritewhileIamreading．Mymotherwascookingwhenthetelephonerang.Whenhereachedhome,hehadalittlerest．在肯定句中，表示“直到……为止”，主句要用延续性动词,表示动作的结束；在否定句中，表示“直到……才”，主句常用终止性动词，表示动作的开始；这时till和until可用before替换。until=tillIwaitedtill／untilhearrived．Wewon'tstartuntil／till／beforeBobcomes．1．Themeetingdidn’tstart___everyonewasthere．A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if2．Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn’tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn’tgo;until3.Iwon’tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when从句中常用过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。WhathaveyoudonesinceyoujoinedtheGreenerChina?WherehaveyoubeensinceIsawyoulastyear？since如果主句是一般将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。I'llphoneyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing．assoonas二、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词：if,unless1)IfIwillhaveenoughmoneynextyear,IwillgotoJapan.2)假如你努力，你就会成功。/Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.Wecan’twritetoMaryunlessshetellsusheraddress.Wecan’twritetoMaryifshedoesn’ttellusheraddress.我们不能给玛丽写信除非她告诉我们地址。.三、原因状语从句because,since,as引导原因状语从句的连词：Theshipwasputoffbecausetherewasastorm.Theshipwasputoffbecauseofthestorm.Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Hewasill,sohedidn’tgotoschool.becausebecause，as，since区别Iwillnotgowithyou_________I’mbusywithmyhomework.________theweatherwasfine,wedecidedtoplayfootball.becauseAsbecause往往指对方不知道的原因，多用语回答why提出的问题。例如:Mr.Zhangcan’tcomeherebecausehe’sverybusy.as或since一般用于说话双方都明了的原因或做某事的理由。例如:a)Sinceyouareill,you’dbetterstayathome.b)Astheproblemisveryimportant,we’lltalkaboutitagain.四、比较状语从句thanas…asnotas(so)…asthe…the…引导比较状语从句的连词：1）甲与乙某一方面相同，“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”甲在某一方面不如乙时，“notas／so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”DalianisasbeautifulasShenzhen．Idon'trunas／sofastasKangLi．2）表示甲超过或不及乙时，用比较级Herunsfasterthanyou．Basketballismorepopularthanfootballinourclass.Footballislesspopularthanbasketballinourclass.3）the+比较级…the+比较级“越….越….”Themoretrees,thebetter.Themoreyouworry,thelessyou’llsucceed.连词：so…that（如此……以致于）such…that（如此……以致于）。常用句型：so＋形容词／副词＋that从句so+many/few+复数名词+that从句much/little+不可数名词sucha／an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句such＋形容词＋复数可数名词／不可数名词＋that从句五、结果状语从句这个故事如此有趣，我永远忘不了它。ThestoryissointerestingthatI’llneverforgetit.ItissuchaninterestingstorythatI’llneverforgetit.这座山如此的高，我爬不到山顶。ThemountainissohighthatIcan’tclimbtothetop.It’ssuchahighmountainthatIcan’tclimbtothetop.我的钱是如此的少所以我不能借给你。他的问题如此之多，我不能都回答出来。IhadsolittlemoneythatIcouldn’tlendittoyou.HehassomanystrangequestionsthatIcan’tanswerallofthem.Theweatherissobadthatwehavetostayathome.Itissuchbadweatherthatwehavetostayathome.六、让步状语从句though／although（虽然）eventhough（尽管）nomatterwho（无论谁）nomatterhow（无论怎样）nomatterwhat（无论什么）引导让步状语从句的连词：虽然他年纪大了，他工作还是非常努力。Although(Though)heisold,heworkshard.即使你这样说，我还是不相信。Eventhough(evenif)yousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.虽然工作很困难，我们还是要按时完成。Thoughtheworkisdifficult,we’llfinishitontime.无论你什么时候来我们国家，都将受到热烈的欢迎。Whenever(Nomatterwhen)youcometoourcountry,youwillbewarmlywelcomed.无论他到哪里，总是带上这只手表。Wherever(Nomatterwhere)hegoes,healwaysbringsthewatchwithhim.七、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词：sothat从句常常要用到情态动词：may,might,can,could,would,shouldPleasespeakloudlysothateveryonecanhearyou.Hegotupveryearlyinthemorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1、在时间和条件从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。e.g.We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.2两个连词不能同时使用although…butbecause…soAlthoughshewastired,butshewenttowork.BecauseIlikedhim,soIhungoutwithhim//1.Idon’tknowifhewillcome.Ifhe____,pleaseletmeknow.A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.iscoming2.HewillgototheGreatWallifit______tomorrow．A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.don'trai