The truth about Lying

UnitThreeTheTruthaboutLyingProceduresTeachingobjectivesCulturalbackgroundWarm-upactivitiesComprehensionofthetextDifficultlanguagepointsDevelopmentalquestionsWritingskill-------essaydevelopmentbyclassificationClassdebateTeachingobjectives1.Todiscussthedifferenttypesofliesandtherelevantreasons,purposes,attitudesandmoralpuzzles.2.Totrytopresentsomeultimateconclusionstotheauthor’moralpuzzlesconcerninglying.3.Tolearntheskillofessaydevelopmentofclassification.返回目录Warm-upQuestions1.Doyouknowanystories,movies,songsorquotationsaboutlying?2.Howdoyoucategorizelying?Whatliesareharmful?Whatareharmless?3.Whydopeopletelllies?Islyingacceptable?Giveexamplestobackupyourarguments.返回目录CulturalbackgroundTwoAmericanMoviesaboutlyingTrueLies(1994)LiarLiar(1997)TrueLies(1994)ThesecretagentHarryTasker(ArnoldSchwarzenegger)hasbeenhappilymarriedwithhiswife,thelegalsecretaryHelenformanyyearslivinginthesuburbsandhavingateenagerdaughter,DanaHelendoesnotsuspectthatHarryhasadoublelife,andshebelievesheisacomputersalesman.Afteratop-secretmission,HarryfindsevidencesthatHelenishavinganaffairwithSimon,anusedcarssalesmanthatseducedHelenwiththeglamourandexcitementofhisfakelife,tellingherthatheisaspy.HarryforceshispartnerAlbertGibsontousetheresourcesoftheiragencytofollowSimonandHelen;theyabductHelenwearingmasksandlatertheyassignapseudomissionforher.However,agroupofterroristskidnapHelenandHarryandthecouplegetsinvolvedwithadangerousgroupthatpossessesanatomicbombreadytobeexplodedinFlorida.LiarLiar(1997)Thismovieisabsolutelyhilarious!Therearefewmoviesashumorousasthisone,beingMousehuntoneofthosefew-another1997motionpicture.EveryminuteofLiarLiarispurefunandeveryminutemeansagoodlaughter.Manymomentsarehysterical!JimCarreyisoftenagreatcomedian,butthisishimathisfunniestside.Thestoryisveryfunnyandentertaining:FletcherReede,alawyerwiththehabitoflyingandbreakingpromises,suddenlyseeshimselfforcedtobecomehonestduringthenext24hoursafterhisson'sbirthdaywishcomestrue.Hedoesn'tunderstandwhat'shappeningtohimandthatisdrivinghiminsane...hecan'ttellanylies,notevenwritealittlelie!Wheneverhetriestoandwheneverhetalks,it'sahugemessforsure!Heeventransformsthecourtroomintoacircus,seemstolosehismindandmakesgoofyfaces!Incrediblyhilarious!People’sattitudestowardsliarsLiarLiarPantsOnFireisaphrasethatchildrenliketoscreamateachotherwhenevertheythinktheotherislying.Theyalsoliketoscreamitatadultswhotellthemstoriesaboutfairies.Itisanoverallstupidthingtosay,sinceifyourpantsactuallycaughtonfirewhenyoulied,morepoliticianswouldbedead.LiarLiarPantsOnFireLiarLiarPantsOnFireisaplaygroundtauntthatisusedtoindicateeachotherwhenevertheythinktheotherislying.Itreferstothefactfibbingisconsidernaughty,andpants/bottom'onfire'isaneuphemismforspanking.Child1:Wellmydadcanpickupatruck!Child2:LiarLiarPantsOnFire!Quotationsaboutlying1.Youcanfoolsomeoneofthepeopleallofthetime,andallofthepeoplesomeofthetime,butyoucannotfoolallofthepeopleallofthetime.—AbrahamLincoln2.Ahistorianwhowouldconveythetruthmustlie.Oftenhemustenlargethetruthbydiameters;otherwisehisreaderwouldnotbeabletoseeit.—MarkTwain3.Nothingiseasierthanself-deceit.Forwhatmanwishes,thathealsobelievestobetrue.—Demosthene4.Itistheresponsibilityoftheintellectualstospeakthetruthandexposelies.—NoamChomsky5.Truthisbeautiful,withoutdoubt,butsoarelies.—RalphWaldoEmerson6.Peopleneverliesomuchasaferahuntduringawarorbeforeanelection.—OttoVonBismarckHowtoDetectLiesWatchingfacialexpressionsinordertodeterminewhetherapersonislyingmightjustsaveyoufrombeingavictimoffraud,oritcouldhelpyoufigureoutwhensomebody'sbeinggenuine.Juryanalystsdothiswhenassistinginjuryselection.Thepolicedothisduringaninterrogation.Youhavetolearnthelittlefacialandbodyexpressionsthatcanhelpyoudistinguishaliefromthetruth.HowtoDetectLiesSteps1Observehowthepersonsmiles.ForcedSmileForcedsmilesareeasytospotsincetheyonlyinvolvethemusclesaroundthemouth.Thepersonwillappearasbeingoverlyrelaxedandnotreallyhappy.Lookatthemouthandseeiftheteethareshowing.Arealsmilewillusuallyrevealabitofteethbutaforcedsmilemayormaynot.HowtoDetectLiesTrueSmileInarealsmile,morefacialmusclesbesidesthemouthareinvolved.Adeadgiveawayistighteningaroundtheeyes,whichsometimescausescrows'feet.Whileitisnotdifficult,veryfewpeopleareconsciousenoughofthisfacttofakeasmileandstillcontroltheireyesinthismanner.HowtoDetectLiesSteps2Noticethebehaviorofotherbodyparts.Watchtheirhands,armsandlegs,whichtendtobelimited,stiff,andself-directedwhenthepersonislying.Thehandsmaytouchorscratchtheirface,noseorbehindanear,butarenotlikelytotouchtheirchestorheartwithanopenhand.HowtoDetectLiesSteps3Lookoutformicroexpressions.Microexpressionsarefacialexpressionsthatflashonaperson'sfaceforafractionofasecondandrevealtheperson'strueemotionunderneaththeirfacade.Somepeoplemaybenaturallysensitivetothem,butalmostanybodycaneasilytraintobeabletodetectmicroexpressions.Typically,inapersonwhoislying,theirmicroexpressionwillexhibittheemotionofdistress,characterizedbytheeyebrowsbeingdrawupwardstowardsthemiddleoftheforehead(sometimescausingshortlinestoap