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1.什么是国际音标？由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的分歧,所以无法完全根据字母来读音。为了精确地学习和掌握语音,就要借助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷,于是便产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，叫做“音符”(Phoneticsymbols)。国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际语音学协会（IPA---InternationalPhoneticAssociation)于1888年拟定的一套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个,其中,元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。英语元音(Englishvowels)英语元音音素共20个。分单元音和双元音两大类。a.前元音：/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ/b.后元音：/ɑ:/,/ɔ/,/ɔ:/,/u/,/u:/,/Λ/c.中元音：/ә:/,/ә/a.合口双元音：/ei/,/әu/,/ai/,/au/,/i/b.集中双元音：/iә/,/εә/,/uә/单元音的分类双元音的分类a.爆破音/p/,/b/,/t／,/d/,/k/,/ɡ/b.摩擦音/f/，/v/，/θ/，/ð/，/s/，/z/,//，//，/h/,/r/c.破擦音/t∫/，/dӡ/，/tr/，/dr/，/ts/，/dz/d.鼻音/m/,/n/,/ŋ/e.旁流音（舌侧音）/l/f.半元音/w/,/j/英语辅音(Englishconsonants)(共28个）[i:]emeweheequalsceneeeseeindeedbreezesucceedeaeatbeatneatrealdefeatieyieldpiecefieldbelieve发音规则eiseizereceiveceilingipoliceskimachineeopeopleeykey[i:]iitfitpigmisskissfillpicnicycityprettybusysixtyeprettyEnglishEnglandeecoffeecommittee[i]eymoneyvalleyiecarriedworriedladiesavillageowomen[i]ubusyuibuildguiltcoffeecommittee[i]echeckentergentleaccepteaspreadbreadweatheriefriendaanymany[e]aisaidaysaysuburyBetterlatethannever.(迟做总比不做好)Bettertodowellthantosaywell.(口说不如实干)[e]a[Q]catmapfathatmadbackgascatchmatchfacthappymarrystampactadaptattractivenationalCatchthatmadblackcat．Thankyouforthestamp．apassglassdemandadvanceararmgardensmartharmfulauauntlaughearheart[ɑ:]earheartalcalmhalf[ɑ:]Alargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard．It’shardtoseeanystarsinthedarksky．ocomecompassgovernmentoofloodbloodusunadultculturecustomoutouchtroublecoupledouble[∧]awsawlawdraworaccordingforceborncornoabroadboardouboughtbroughtcoursecough[O:]autaughtcaughtnaughtfaultoodoorflooralallballtalksmallwalkoremorestorebeforeexplore[O:]oremorestorebeforeexplorearwarwarmwarnawatersaltalsofalse[O:]oofferblockcollegepossibleoucoughowknowledge[O]asoftsong/acoffeeshop/costalotTheclockisstopped,it’snotlong．Losttimeisneverfoundagain．[O]owhodolosemovementoofoolspooncooltoothchooseurudepollutionJunerevolutionaryewthrew[u:]uebluecrueltytrueoeshoeuifruitruinjuiceWhosaidthesoupwastoocool?Asarule,theskiesareblueinJune．[u:]uputpushpullhelpfulbushbulletcarefulowomanwolflosewhoseoogoodwoodbookwoolenfootballoulcouldshouldwould[u]prettyEnglishEngland[u]Helookslikeagoodcook．ItookmybookandlookedatitaslongasIcould．aagreeaheadadmireattendadventurearcalendarpolareranotherordergatheromethodEuropesecond管理资源吧（），提供海量管理资料免费下载！[E]orlaborbehavioractordoctorourcolo(u)roufamousursurprisesurvive[E]urefeatureLecturemeasureMyyoungerbrotherisadoctor．Givemesomebutterandsugar．Wewillhaveaget-togetheraftersupper．[E]urturnfurchurchfurniturefurtherorwordworthworstworkourjourneyirbirdbirthdaythirstystir[E:]erserveemergencydeserteddetermineearearthheardsearch[E:]atakecasebehaveablelatestaiwaitraintrainraisegrainaymaywayplaystayeabreakgreat[ei]eieightneighborreigneytheygrey[ei]inicelikewifeadvicewisetidyhighfightbrighteiheightymybywhytypetrysatisfyfryuybuy[ai]onohomenoticebonedevoteherooaroadboatcoatcoachousoulshoulderthoughalthoughowknowbowlslowlowflowfollowowe[EU]ouloudhouseshoutsouthoutermouthaboutow[au]nowhowtowntower////eaeaidideaearreaealrlreaealizelizeearearearearddearearnnearearclclearearffearearhheareareereerbbeereerchcheereerddeereercarcareereerereerehhereeresincsincereeremmereereierierffieriercepcepieriercece//oorpoormooroutourtouristuresurecureendureuaFebruaryusuallyurfuryjuryassurance元音字母在重读开音节或重读相对开音节中读元音字母本身的音：元音字母读音例词读音a/ei/a/ei/e/i:/me/mi:/I/ai/I/ai/o/EU/no/nEU/u/ju:/cue/kju:/小结元音字母在重读闭音节中的常用读音：元音字母读音例词读音a/Q/man/mQn/e/e/men/men/I/i/bit/bit/o/O/hot/hOt/u/u/put/put/a/i/village/e/anymany/Q/catchmatchfacthappymarry/A:/passglassdemandadvance/O/whatwashswallowwantwatch/E/agreeaheadadmireattend/ei/takemaketablecasebehaveablelatestai/e/said/ei/waitraintrainraisegrainar/A:/armgardenmarchsmartharmful/O:/warwarmwarn/E/calendarpolar/CE/areavaryvariousau/A:/auntlaugh/O:/taughtcaughtnaughtfaultay/e/says/ei/maywayplaystaye/i:/meweheequalscene/i/prettyEnglishEngland/e/eggeffectcheckenternevergentleacceptee/i:/seeindeedbreezesucceed/i/coffeecommitteeea/i:/eatbeatneatrealdefeat/e/spread/iE/idearealrealize/ei/breakgreateer/iE/beercheerdeercareerear/a:/heart/iE/earnearclearfearhear/CE/beartearwear/E:/earthheardsearchei/i:/seizereceiveceiling/ei/eightneighborreigni/i:/policeskimachine/i/itfitpigmisskissfillpicnic/ai/nicelikewifeadvicediveprizewisetidyigh/ai/highnightir/E:/birdfirstbirthdayie/i:/yieldpiecefieldbelieve/i/carriedworriedladies/e/friendo/i/women/O/copyofferblockcollegepossible/u/womanwolf/u:/whodolosedovemovement/V/comecompassgovernment/E/methodEuropesecond/EU/noticebonedevoteherohostoo/O:/door/u/goodwoodbookwoolenfootball/u:/foolspooncooltoothchoose/V/floodbloodou/O:/coughboughtbroughtcourse/V/touchtroublecoupledouble/E/famous/Au/loudhouseshoutsouthoutermouthabout/Eu/tourtouristsoulshoulderthoughalthoughoa//broadboard//roadboatcoatcoachow//knowledge//knowbowlslowlowflowfollow//nowhowtowntoweru/i/busy/e/bury/u/pushpullhelpfulbulletcareful/u:/rudeJunerevolutionarypollution/V/sunadultculturecustomui/u:/fruitjuice/i/buildguiltue/u:/bluecrueltytrueur/E:/turnchurchfurniturefurth