高考英语短文改错考点类析――冠词

高考英语短文改错考点类析·冠词一、考点规律分析短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用，有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括a与an的区别)。其中，涉及最多的是，当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时，其前漏用不定冠词；另外，冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。二、真题单句归纳(1)Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.(a改为an，因hour读音以元音开头)(全国卷)(2)Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.(the改为a，因此处并非特指，而是泛指)(全国卷)(2)Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.(去掉the，因这里的books表泛指，不表特指)(全国卷)(3)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.(person’s前加a，这里的a表泛指)(全国卷)(4)Modernpeopleknowmoreaboutthehealth,havebetterfood,andliveinclearersurroundings.(去掉the，因health表泛指)(全国卷)(5)ThereispubliclibraryineverytowninBritain.(publiclibrary前加a，因这里的publiclibrary是单数可数名词表泛指，故在其前用a)(全国卷)(6)Maybeyoucouldcomeduringawinterholidays.(a改为the，因从含义上看，此处的winterholidays属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的)(全国卷)(7)TodayIvisitedtheSmiths—myfirstvisittoaAmericanfamily.(a改为an，因American的读音以元音开头)(全国卷)(8)Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.(captain前加冠词the，captain为特指)(全国卷)(9)Somewantedtoseetheprogrammewhileotherspreferredanother.(the改为one，one与下一行的another构成“一个……另一个”)(全国卷)(10)I’lltakethischancetowishyouwonderfultimeonyourbirthday.(wonderful前加a，该表达与haveagoodtime类似，其中的a不可省)(北京春季卷)(11)Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacherinthecrowd.(去掉a，catchsightof是习语，意为“看见、瞥见”)(全国卷)(12)Forexample,whenIwasachild,therainwasamystery(奥秘).(去掉the，rain在此泛指)(北京春季卷)(13)Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.(a改为the，因same前应用定冠词)(全国卷)(14)Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.(在famous前加a，注意mountain是单数可数名词)(全国卷)(15)Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.(mydiary改为adiary，keepadiary意为“写日记”)(全国卷)(16)WhenIwasboy,themostexcitingthingwastocelebratetheSpringFestival.(boy前加a，因boy为可数名词)(江苏卷)(16)OnThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend.(a改为the，因这不是泛指的周末，而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)(17)Andeveryyearmoreandmorepeoplestartastampcollectionoftheirownanddiscoveraninterestwhichcanevenlastlifetime.(lifetime前加a，指人的一生是alifetime)(浙江卷)(18)Tenminuteslater,thefiremencameandputoutfire.(fire前加the，因这是特指的一场火灾)(福建卷)(19)Aswealllefthomeatearlyage,…(early前加an，atanearlyage意为“在年幼时”)(天津卷)(20)Mygrandmawasthebestcookerintheworldbutcouldmakethemostdeliciousdishes.(cooker改为cook，比较：cook=炊事员，cooker=炊具)(江苏卷)三、模拟单句演练(1)Hersister,whoisnurse,willmarryoneofthedoctorsinthehospital.(2)Itwassuchwonderfuldinnerthatweenjoyeditverymuch.(3)Itwasraininghard,soIhadtoborrowaumbrella.(4)MyfriendMarycomesfromanEuropeancountry.(5)MrSmithusedtobephysicsteachertillheturnedwriter.(6)Insmallvillagelikethis,everybodyknowseverybodyelse.(7)Onlyfewofthechildrencanreadsuchbooks.(8)Forlongtimeneitherofusspoketoeachother.(9)Look,agirlinblueismycousin.(10)Look!Acarhasstoppedthere.Acarisbeautiful.(11)Sheaskedwhetherwecamefromasamecity.(12)Themountainwascoveredwiththesnowalltheyearround.(13)Youdon’tknowwhatwonderfultimewe’vehad.(14)Peoplemadethefunofherbecausesheworesuchstrangeclothes.(15)Soontheplanewasoutofthesight.(16)Greatchangeshavetakentheplaceinmyhometownsince1978.(17)Intheword,heisagoodstudentandallofuslikehim.(18)Yousayyoutookthebookwithouthispermission.Intheotherwords,youstoleit.【参考答案】(1)nurse前加a，因nurse为可数名词。(2)such后加a，dinner受形容词修饰时，其前通常要加不定冠词。(3)a改为an，因umbrella的读音以元音开头。(4)an改为a，因European的读音不是以元音开头。(5)physics前加a，因teacher为可数名词。(6)small前加a，因village为可数名词，在句中表泛指。(7)few前加a，因其前有only修饰，即习惯上说onlyafew。(8)long前加a，alongtime意为“很长一段时间”。(9)a改为the，此处为特指用法。(10)第二个A改为The，特指前面已提到的事物。(11)a改为the，因same前习惯上用定冠词，不用不定冠词。(12)去掉the，在此snow为泛指用法。(13)wonderful前加a，因haveawonderfultime为习惯表达。(14)去掉the，因makefunof为习语，意为“取笑”。(15)去掉the，因outofsight为习语，意为“看不见”。(16)去掉the，因takeplace为习语，意为“发生”。(17)the改为a，因inaword为习语，意为“总之”、“一句话”。(18)去掉the，因inotherwords为习语，意为“换句话说”。