高考英语短语整理

高考英语短语整理词组专题Partone:动词短语基本要点：动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起，构成短语动词。最常见的有以下几类：I、动词+介词（at,for,after,on,to,with,of,from,in,into,through,about等）构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。Theyfinallyagreedontheplan.Thisjobcallsforskillsandpatience.Thebankwasbrokenintolastnight.We’llthinkaboutit.II、动词+副词(up,off,out,away,on,in,over,down,about,round/around等)构成的词组1.一部分为不及物动词短语，不能直接加宾语，也无被动。如：breakout,comeabout,comeout2．一部分为及物的动词短语,其宾语如果是名词，可前可后；若是代词，则只能放在当中。Youcancallyourteacherup=YoucancallupyourteacherYoucancallhimup.We’llthinkitover.III.动词+副词+介词:相当于及物动词Wemustmakeupforthelosttime.我们必须弥补失去的时间。DoIhavetodoawaywithmyhabit?我是不是得除掉我的习惯？IV.动词+名词/(反身)代词+介词:相当于一及物动词Heneverhelpsmewithouttryingtotakeadvantageofme.(利用)Inschool,Ioftentakechargeofvariousactivities.（负责/管理）一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词1.V+about(介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词ask/inquireabout:询问…的情况careabout:在乎;/介意;关注quarrelabout/over为…争论/争吵argueabout/over为…争论//辩论debateabout/on为/关于…辩论discussabout讨论，议论worryabout：担心concernabout:关心，挂念know/learnabout:了解readabout:读知,阅后得知alkabout:谈论hearabout:听说（=hearof）complainabout（抱怨/投诉）bringabout带来，造成thinkabout:考虑speakabout:谈到，谈论(=speakof)setaboutdoingsth着手做某事dosthabout...想办法/采取措施解决...V+about(副词:到处/四周)：皆为不及物短语动词walk/goabout:四处走动moveabout:四处走,经常搬家wanderabout:漫步/徘徊hangabout:闲荡comeabout:发生lookabout/around:环顾;(商店中)四处看2.V+across（介词或副词）comeacross...:偶遇(=comeupon)runacross...:偶然发现/碰到cutacross:抄近路穿过/横越;影响put/get(…)acrosstosb:解释/传达，使某人明白…Ittookmeanhourtogetmyintentionacrosstoher.3.V+after(介词)beafter:寻求,寻找，追求go/run/chaseafter:追赶/逐lookafter:照顾takeafter:长得像;学某人的样askafter:探问/询问name...after...:以…名字命名...4.V+alongcomealong跟着一起来Willyoucomealongwithme?进展/进步Sheiscomingalongnicelyaftertheoperation.bring/take。。。along把…带来/去getalong/on相处；进展getalong/onwithsb/sth与某人相处；在...进展5.V+against(介词):argaueagainst:（发表意见）反对/反驳beagainst:反对fight/struggleagainst:与…做斗争goagainst:违背，反对；对...不利Thecasemightgoagainsthim.Hewentagainsttheadviceofhiscolleaguesandresigned.turnagainst:背叛;对…采取敌对态度.Eventhosewhoareonceforhimbegintoturnagainsthim.warnagainst:警告不要,提醒提防Iwouldwarnagainstsuchanadventureprevent/guard/provideagainst预防Wehavetoprovideagainstaccidents.Theserulescanprevent/guardagainstaccidents.6V+apart(副词或形容词:分别/分开的)takeapart拆开;剖析tearapart:扯/拆开,使心碎tell…apart:分别/区别setapart:区别，突出fall/comeapart:瓦解/崩溃7.V+round(副词)getround传开来;四处走动ItwasnotlongbeforethenewsgotroundthatTraceywasdatingJames.getsbround:说服某人Heisdeterminedandwon’tgivein—seeifyoucangethimroundgetroundto(doing)sth:终于去做/找到时间做Ihaven’tevengotroundtounpackingfrommyholidayyet.comeround:恢复/苏醒Poursomewateronhisfacehe'llsooncomeround.Don'tscoldtheboy;he'llcomeroundintime.改变意见Shewillnevercomeround(toourwayofthinking).(非正式的)来访，到来；绕道Comeroundwhenyouhavetime.Christmaswillsooncomeround.bring..round/around(to...):使某人恢复知觉Wemanagedtobringherroundwithsomesmellingsalt.说服某人改变想法Bringhimroundtoourpointofview把话题转到...Hebroughtthediscussionroundtofootball.8.V+aside(在一边,另外)put/leave/set…aside:留出/拨出以备专用;撇开/搁置一边不考虑layaside:暂放一边throwaside:抛弃asidefrom=besides除...外(还有)9.V+as(介词：充当/作为)serveas:充当，用作actas:扮演，充当workas:充当,担任…工作functionas:充当（…功能）10.V+at(介词)shout/yellat:对…叫喊knockat:敲laughat:嘲笑flyat:扑向pointat:指向/着，对准comeat:袭击,达到goat:扑向,尽力干catchat:想抓住,渴望shoot/fireat:向…开火aimat旨在；瞄准；企图targetat把…瞄准…attemptat尝试/企图;努力lookat:看stareat:盯着看;凝视glareat:怒视glanceat瞥见，看一下(浏览)callatsp:访问某地dropinatsp顺便走访某地arriveat：到达;达成arriveatconclusion/agreementworkat:从事,钻研wonderat:对…惊奇estimateat:估计11.V+away(副词)putaway:放好/收好；储存备用;舍弃giveaway:赠送，分送;泄露turnaway:解雇;把…打发走sendaway:驱逐,解雇clearaway:清除，移走wearaway:磨掉,(时间)消逝throwaway:扔掉,抛弃akeaway:拿走smoothaway:克服，消除passaway:去世/逝世goaway:走开,离开dieaway(风/声音)渐息/渐弱;(树木)凋零/枯萎12.V+back(副词)keepback:阻挡;隐瞒;扣留holdback:忍住，抑制住bringback:拿回；使…回想起，使恢复takeback:带回；撤销/收回（说的话）giveback:归还;反射(光等)getback找回/取回;回来callback:回电,召回处理answerback:回嘴payback:偿还，向…报复，回报13.V+by(介词或副词):goby路过某地;时间过去passby经过某地；(时间)逝去standby旁观(=lookon);准备行动；支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守14.V+down(介词或副词)turndown:调低(音量等);拒绝某人letsbdown使某人失望putdown：放下，记下，镇压note/put/takedown:记下takedown取下；记下；拆卸tear/pulldown拆毁breakdown:出毛病;破裂;崩溃；分解burndown烧毁cutdown:削减，减少；杀死砍倒keepdown压制；控制，缩减开支holddown压制；抑制(热情等)缩减slowdown使慢下来,减缓knockdown击/撞倒;拆除;使降价bringdown使降落/下降,降价godown:下降，减少；沉没godownwith生…病laydown:放下，铺设handdown:传递，遗传下来passdown:传下来falldown落下；跌到；倒塌；失败；证明是不行的diedown:渐熄calmdown平静/镇定下来settledown定居;平静下来settledownto安定下来专心于getdown:从…下来;下车;写下;使沮丧getdownto开始认真做，着手做15.V+for(介词)makefor:向…前进;有利于/促进headfor驶向,走向setsailfor/setofffor向某地驶去/出发leavefor动身去某地lookfor:寻找huntfor搜索，寻找callfor:需要/要求;提倡;邀约/约请(callforsb)waitfor:等待carefor喜欢,关心applyfor请求/申请answerfor对…负责betoblamefor...应对...负责payfor偿还,赔偿standfor代表，意味着，主张，支持sendfor派人去请某人gofor:袭击；适用于；想要获得；喜爱askfor:要求/要;找某人(askforsb)runfor竞选praise/punish/scoldsbfor...因..赞扬/惩罚/责骂sbaccountfor是…的原因;解释;占据allowfor:考虑到；顾及arrangefor:安排struggle/fightfor:为…而斗争fallfor:迷恋/对…倾心；上某人的当hope/wish/longforsth:希望/渴望bedying/eager/thirtyfor...渴望16.V+forward(副词)bringforward:提出;将…提前putforward提出;促进；将钟拔前pushforward:推进/继续进行Lookforward:展望未来lookforwardto(doing)sth盼望，期待carryforward:推进;发扬17.V+from(介词):learnfrom:向…学习sufferfrom:遭受/忍受recoverfrom:康复/恢复hearfrom(~sb):收到某人信;有某人的消息diefrom死于…resultfrom由…引起risefrom由…引起/带来diffe