锅炉课程设计计算阜新烟煤

11绪论1.3锅炉计算的基本资料1.3.1锅炉规范(1)锅炉额定蒸发量：De=220t/h=220×103kg/h；(2)给水温度：gst=215C；(3)过热蒸汽温度：grt=540C；(4)过热蒸汽压力（表压）：pgr=9.8MPa(5)制粉系统：中间储仓式（热空气作干燥剂、钢球筒式磨煤机）,漏风系数为0.1；(6)燃烧方式：四角切圆燃烧；(7)排渣方式：固态；(8)环境温度：20C；(9)蒸汽流程:如图1-2；图1-2锅炉蒸汽流程图(10)烟气流程：炉膛→屏式过热器→高温对流过热器→低温对流过热器→高温省煤器→高温空气预热器→低温省煤器→低温空气预热器；汽包顶棚管低温对流过热器屏式过热器高温对流过热器冷段高温对流过热器热段汽轮机一次喷水减温水二次喷水减温2(11)烟气受热面的布置见文献1。1.3.2过量空气系数和漏风系数表1-1锅炉各受热面的空气过量系数及漏风系数烟道名称过量空气系数漏风系数ea入口a出口a炉膛1．20．05屏、凝渣管1．21．20高温过热器1．21．2270．025低温过热器1．2271．2540．025高温省煤器1．2541．2770．02高温空气预热器1．2771．3330．05低温省煤器1．3331．3560．02低温空气预热器1．356`1．4110．05注：在D70%De时，漏风系数的选取是根据经验先确定额定负荷下的漏风系数ea,然后由非额定负荷与额定负荷的比值进行漏风系数的修正，本文中取D=De,故不用进行修正。1.3.3各种负荷下汽水侧各点压力值表1-2各种负荷下汽水侧各点压力值位置低温省煤器入口高温省煤器入口高温省煤器出口汽包低温过热器出口屏式过热器出口高过冷段出口高过热段出口压力11．0210．8210．6810．6110．2910．1010．039．91.3.4燃料特性表1-3煤质资料表格32辅助计算2.1燃料燃烧计算2.1.1理论空气量和理论烟气量的计算表2-1锅炉燃烧计算汇总表序号项目名称符号单位（标准状况下）计算公式及数据结果1理论空气量oV3m/kgararHSC265.0375.00889.0ar）（由参考文献2，3-59式-ar033.04.92序号项目名称符号数值单位1碳pC48．3%2氢pH3．3%3氧pO8．6%4氮pN0．8%5硫pS1．0%6水分pW15%7灰分pA23%8低位发热量pHQ18645KJ/kg9可燃质挥发份rV41Kcal/Kg42理论氮容积oNV23m/kgoarVN79.01008.03.8893RO2容积oROV23m/kg1007.0100866.1ararSC0.9084理论干烟气容积ogyV3m/kg22ROoNVV4.8075理论水蒸气容积oOHV23m/kgoKarVMHd61.110024.110011.1ar)/01.0(kgkgdk0.6276飞灰份额fh查表0.935表2-2烟气特性表序号项目名称符号单位（标准状况下）炉膛屏凝渣管高过低过高温省煤器低温省煤器低温省煤器低温空预器1受热面出口过量空气系数a1.21.231.261.281.311.331.4112烟道平均过量空气系数pja1.21.2151.2541.271.2951.321.3453干烟气容积gyV3m/kg5.7825.8556.0036.1256.2946.3726.4954水蒸气容积20HOV+0.0161pja-1)V02HOV3m/kg0.6430.6440.6460.6490.6540.6520.6545烟气总容积yV3m/kg6.4526.56.656.7746.97.027.156RO2容积份额2/ROyVV2ROr-0.1410.140.1370.1340.1320.130.1277水蒸气容积份额2/HOyVV2HOr0.10.0990.0970.09570.09420.09290.091568三元子气体和水蒸气容积总份额22HOROrrr0.2410.240.2340.230.2260.2230.2199容积飞灰浓度vg/kg33.2932.9132.1731.583130.4729.9210烟气质量1/100yA1.306pjaOVym8.488.588.778.939.099.259.4111质量飞灰浓度yyfhGAa100fhkg/kg0.0250.02490.02440.0240.02350.02310.02282.1.2烟气和空气焓的计算：表2-3焓温表（炉膛、屏、高温过热器）烟气或空气温度）（c理论烟气焓(kJ/kg)oyh理论空气焓(kJ/kg)oyh理论烟气焓增oyh(kJ/kg)oyh炉膛、屏、凝渣管高温过热器25.1275.1yhkJ/kgyhkJ/kgyhkJ/kgyhkJ/kg74003141.42665.53749.03754.68842.21002.11002.95003983.63366.014751.14758.59881.2110461028.856004864.864082.325797.25786.43868.741053.621054.197005733.64813.336696.26840.63905.231071.271075.888006638.835555.277749.87916.52920.271088.231093.689007559.16309.018820.99010.20935.61104.721110.9910008494.77071.529909.0510121.201127.98949.71117.3511009444.47846.8211.13.7811249.38961.11132.291140.531200104068626.9212130.9112389.72974.01139.301156.031300113809418.1113264.213545.74980.01149.531163.2714001236010241.914402.517709.01989.61158.731173.5415001334911015.3915552.115882.569971168.101182.9416001434611822.1716710.817065.5010071170.141192.3817001535312631.3118257.87100817878.91194.38818001636113440.7519049.019452.2610141178.891203.5419001737514262.2420227.920655.8010151182.351206.9720001839015082.7521420.321862.7610311192.981217.8121001942115920.2522603.2723080.5310251189.971214.722002044616736.0723793.224295.939表2-4焓温表（高温空预器、低温省煤器)烟气或空气温度）（c理论烟气焓(kJ/kg)oyh理论空气焓(kJ/kg)okh理论烟气焓增oyhkJ/kg低温过热器高温省煤器1.371.39yhkJ/kgyhkJ/kgyhkJ/kgyhkJ/kg100752.82651.5998.31003.3773.681003.41028.52001526.51310.42001.72031.8795.910411056.53002322.41981.23042.73088.3819.21069.21084.94003141.62665.44111.94173.2841.81097.81113.95003983.43366.05209.75287.1765.21125.91142.46004847.54082.36335.66429.510表2-5焓温表（低温过热器、高温省煤器）烟气或空气温度）（c理论烟气焓(kJ/kg)oyh理论空气焓(kJ/kg)okh理论烟焓增oyhkJ/kg低温过热器高温省煤器300.132.1yhyhyhyh3002322.441981.242886.329931.8819.191014.91030.74003141.42665.53901.23962.5841.71042.81058.95003983.63366.04944.05021.4864.101086.41102.96004864.84082.36030.46124.3886.051078.31095.17005733.64813.37108.77219.4905.21117.61134.78006638.83555.38226.38354.111表2-6焓温表（低温空气预热器）烟气或空气温度）（c理论烟气焓(kJ/kg)oyh理论空气焓(kJ/kg)okh理论烟气焓增oyhkJ/kg低温空预器1.44yhkJ/kgyhkJ/kg100752.8651.51039.1773.71064.82001526.51310.42103.9795.81093.43002322.41981.23197.3819.11122.54003141.62665.44319.8841.71152.45003983.43366.05472.2864.11181.86004847.54082.36654.02.2锅炉热平衡计算表2-7锅炉热平衡及燃料消耗量序号名称符号单位公式结果1锅炉输入热量rQkJ/kg任务书给定186452排烟温度pyoC先估后校1403排烟焓pyhkJ/kg查焓温表用插值法求1465．022124冷空气温度lktoC取用205理论冷空气焓olkhkJ/kgolkh=()okctV130．386化学未完全燃烧损失3q%取用0．57机械未完全燃烧损失4q%取用1．58排烟处过量空气系数py查表2-9即低温空气预热器出口过量空气系数1．4119排烟损失2q%4(100)()/opypylkrqhahQ6．8610散热损失5q%根据《标准》推荐取用0．511灰渣损失6q%式（2-13）0．04112锅炉总损失q%23456qqqqq9．4013锅炉热效率%100-q90．6014保热系数551qq0．994515过热蒸汽焓gghkJ/kg查标准,高温过热器出口参数9.9,540aPMPtc3475．816给水温度gstC给定21517给水焓gshkJ/kg查《标准》，低温省煤器入口参数，并插值11.57,215aPMPtc923．821318锅炉有效利用热QkJ/h()grgggsDhh5．614*10819实际燃料消耗量BkJ/h100/()rQQ3．32*10420计算燃料消耗量jBkJ/h4(1/100)Bq3．24*104143炉膛的热力计算表3-1炉膛结构计算序号名称符号单位公式结果1前墙总面积qA2m1.3950.9053.955/222.176(5.88821.267)219．622侧墙总面积2cA2m(6.9123.955)1.7620.5clA25.12612.976cA4(6.9120.8961.760)0.344cA5(6.9120.8961.760)3.390cA0.8160.566.9743.39cA23456cclcccccAAAAAAA109.24218．483后墙总面积hA2m7.68(1.3950.905)3.955/212.976(5.88821.267)7.682.032157．744喷燃器及门孔面积ycA2m取用65炉顶面积ldA2m(3.3900.896)7.6820.50.8960.89632．116炉膛与屏交