阿富汗矿产资源

26–27September2011HSBCGlobalNaturalResourcesConference,SingaporeMineralResourcesofAfghanistanPresentedby:JalilJumriany,DirectorGeneralforPolicyandPromotion,MinistryofMines,IslamicRepublicofAfghanistan2WhyInvestinAfghanistan?Accesstountappedworld-classmineralresourcesStrongsupportfromtheAfghanistanGovernmentandInternationalForcesAfghanistanisthelinkbetweenCentralAsiaandSouthAsiaPotentialgrowingmarket•GDPgrowthinexcessof10%overthelastfiveyears•Expectedtogrow8-9%infutureyearsClosetothelargestandfastestgrowingmarketsintheworldComprehensiveinfrastructuredevelopmentprogrammefocusedonresourcecorridors„MiningProtectionUnit‟establishedtoguaranteesecurityofminingprojectsPotentialforasustainableminingindustrytorestoreeconomicnormalcyintheregion3HistoryofMininginAfghanistanWiththesupportofUSAID,USGSandAGSbegana2-yearprogramtoreviewthecountry‟sresources,buildingonextensivestudiesconductedbytheformerSovietUnionFormerSovietUnionconductedthefirsttrulythoroughgeologicalsurveyofthecountryinpartnershipwiththeAfghanGeologicalSurvey(“AGS”)MineraldepositssuchasKhanneshin(rareearth),Zarkashan(copper),Dusar-Shaida(copper)werediscoveredUSGSbeganworkinAfghanistanBritishandGermangeologicalsurveysUSSRleftAfghanistanleavingbehindthousandsofpagesofsurveys,drillinglogsandscientificstudiesTheTaskForceforBusinessandStabilityOperationsgeologyteamsconductedgroundsurveysin10ofthe27areasofinterest,resultinginobjective,first-handassessmentsofeachareaofinterest1950s1960s1970s198920042010AncientminingoccurredhundredsofyearsagoindepositssuchasAynakandSufiKademi,Zarkashan(copper),andaslongas3,000yearsagoatBalkhab(copper)AncienttimesSomeoftheworld‟soldestknownmineswereestablishedinAfghanistantoproduceLapisLazuliforEgyptianpharaohs2006/07USGSpublishesreportonthepreliminaryassessmentofmineralandpetroleumresourcesofAfghanistan4TheResourcesPotentialofAfghanistanThegrossin-placevaluemineralsinAfghanistanisestimatedatmorethanUS$900billionUSGS-AGSassessmentofundiscovereddepositsplusknownresourcesCommodityResourcesCopper57.8mtIronore2,438mt1Gold2,698kgBarite151.5mtBauxite4.5mt2Rare-earthelements4.88mt3Oilandnaturalgasliquids1,596mmbbls4NaturalGas15.7Tcf4KnownResourcesPromisingmineralizedareasAsbestos-talc-magnesiteBariteBauxiteCelestiteChromiteClayGlasssandGraphiteIgneous-relatedcopperIgneous-relatedironIgneous-relatedleadandzincLapislazuliLodegoldPegmatitePlacergoldSandandgravelSedimentarycopperSedimentaryironSedimentaryleadandzincStoneSulfurSource:USGSNotes:(1)Variousdeposits:62and47-68wt.%iron(2)50.5wt.%aluminaand12wt.12%silica(3)Containsniobium,phosphorous,uranium,thoriumandREE(4)Reservesbasedonmeanestimates;excludesdiscoveredresources5GeologyofAfghanistanAfghanistanhasacomplexgeologyandmassiveanomaliessuchasinSouthAfricanBushveld,GobiandTethyanNorthernpartbelongstoEurasiaTheSouthismadeupofaccretedfragmentsofGondwanaLandincludingtheIndianandAfricanPlatesEachblockisseparatedbydeepseatedfaultsThereweredifferentgeologicalactivitiesineachzonewhichresultedinformationofveryrichmineralassemblagesCoalandoil/gasarefoundontheEurasianplateHajigak6MinistryofMines’VisionMinistry’sMission:CreateJobsEnsuresecurityofsupplyAttractPrivateInvestmentEfficientAdministrationTobeanenablerofthesector’sdevelopmentandstewardofallmineralresourcesthroughtheimplementationofinternationalbestpracticepolicies,regulationsandprocedurestoencourageenvironmentallyandsociallyacceptableprivateinvestment.GenerateRevenue7MinistryofMines‟BusinessPlan2010-2015ImplementmineralsectorpolicyCreatingapolicyunitDevelopinganationalmineralspolicySettingfuturepoliciesasthemineralssectorevolvesContributiontoanationalenergypolicyFunction1RegulatethesectorDevelopingmodernmineralslawandregulationsLicensing,concessionandcontractnegotiationContractmonitoringandcomplianceproceduresImplementingroyaltyandtaxregimesDevelopingarobustinspectionregimetocheckHSEcomplianceFunction2EnableprivatesectorinvestmentCreatinganinvestmentpromotiondepartmentCollectinganddisseminatinggeodataandeconomicdataPromotionandapplicationofalltaxincentivesRestructuring/corporatisingSOEsFunction38ForeignDirectInvestmentstoDateAynakCopperMineSupervisionofworldclassAynakCopperMiningContractCapitalexpenditure–US$4.4billion35kmsouth-eastofKabulDevelopmentrightsawardedtoChinaMetallurgicalGroup(75%stake)andJiangxiCopper(25%stake)inDecember2007Expectedfirstproduction:2014ExpectedtobringhundredsofmillionsofdollarsannuallytostatetreasuryHajigakIronProjectAmuDaryaOilTenderProject130kmwestofKabulHighqualitymagnetiteofapprox.1,800MtUS$340billionin-situgrossvalueSeveraladditionaladjacentprospectsthatwillextendlifeandquantityofproductionGovernmentisinprocessofinvitingbids,with17interestedpartiesTargetcontractaward:Nov201120,000jobsexpectedtobecreatedLocatedinnorthernAfghanistanTheblockscontain5knownfieldswithestimatedmediancrudeoilreservesofmorethan80mmbblsFourbiddersbelievedtohavebeenpre-qualifiedTargetcontractaward:October/November2011OtherProjectsTwogoldprojects(Noraba-Samti,QaraZaghan)CementinJabal-Seraj