露天矿山土石方剥离工程量计算方法比较研究

学号：200913020230HEBEIUNITEDUNIVERSITY毕业论文GRADUATETHESIS设计题目：露天矿山土石方剥离工程量计算方法比较研究学生姓名：王欢专业班级：09测绘2班学院：矿业工程学院指导教师：吴长悦教授2013年5月30日摘要-I-摘要土石方工程是矿山建设的一项基础性工作，土石方工程计量是造价的一项重要组成部分。在露天矿山规划中，土方量计算是一项经常性的、不可缺少的工作，且在整个工程量中，土石方工程常占有较大比例。土方量计算精度的高低直接影响到建设工期、经济效益。需要合理地进行土方调配，节省施工费用，加快工程进度。因此，研究土方量的计算方法、精度及计算方法的实用范围、条件和存在问题是非常必要的。但由于土石方计量直接涉及到工程建设方和施工方的经济利益，加上实际工程中土石方计量的复杂性，因此计量成果经常会被工程双方质疑。如何规范化土石方工程计量被视为当今土的一道难题。土方量计算是露天矿山预算土石方剥离工作量与费用的重要依据，准确快速地计算土方量具有重要的实用价值。主要本文介绍了露天矿山土石方计算的常用的三种方法，三角网法、方格网法和等高线法。选取唐山市清东陵铁矿进行野外施测。内业采用CASS7.1对野外采集的数据进行计算。从理论和计算结果两方面讨论它们的适用范围、条件及精度。关键词土方计算；数字地面模型；三角网法；方格网法；等高线法Abstract-II-AbstractLandplanningsurveyisabasicwork,Thecalculationsoflandplanningsurveyisanimportantcomponentinthecost.Intheopenpitmineplan,thecalculationsoflandplanningsurveyisaregularandindispensablework,andinthevolumeoftheentireproject,landplanningsurveyoftenaccountforalargeproportion.Thecalculationsoflandplanningsurveyaffectstheleveloftheconstructionperiodandeconomicbenefitsdirectly.Landplanningsurveyreasonablyberequiredtosaveconstructioncostsandspeeduptheprogress.Therefore,thestudyofThecalculationsoflandplanningsurveyaccuracy,calculationmethods,practicalrangeofconditionsandproblemsarenecessary.However,duetoThecalculationsoflandplanningsurveydirectlyrelatedtotheconstructionsideandtheconstructionsideoftheeconomicbenefits,plusthecomplexityofThecalculationsoflandplanningsurveyinactualproject.Themeasurableresultswilloftenbequestionedbybothworkssides.Howtomeasurestandardizedearthworksoilisconsideredtobeoneofchallengesnow.StrippedopenpitmineworkloadandexpensebudgetarebasedonThecalculationsoflandplanningsurveyCalculatetheamountofearthworkquicklyandaccuratelyhasimportantpracticalvalue.Thisarticledescribesthreecommonmethodsforthemainopenpitmineearthworkcalculations,justasthefollowing:triangulationmethod,gridmethodandthecontourlinemethod.ItselectsTangshanQingdonglingironforfieldmeasurements.WithintheindustryusesCASS7.1forwild-collecteddatatocalculate.Theresultsdiscusstheirscope,conditionsandaccuracyfromtwoaspectsoftheoryandthecalculationresults.KeywordsEarthworkcalculation;DTM;Triangulationmethod;Gridmethod;Contourmethod目录-III-目录摘要.............................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1土石方计算概述.................................................................................................11.2土石方计算常用方法.........................................................................................11.3研究现状.............................................................................................................2第2章土石方计算原理..............................................................................................32.1不规则三角网法(DTM法)................................................................................32.1.1三角网法简介...............................................................................................32.1.2三角网的建立...............................................................................................32.1.3三角网的调整...............................................................................................42.1.4三角网与切割面的关系...............................................................................52.1.5土方量的计算...............................................................................................72.1.6三角网法土方量计算误差探讨...................................................................92.2方格网法...........................................................................................................102.2.1方格网法简介.............................................................................................102.2.2计算设计高程.............................................................................................102.2.3确定填、挖边界线.....................................................................................112.2.4计算填、挖高度.........................................................................................112.2.5计算填、挖方量.........................................................................................112.3等高线法...........................................................................................................122.3.1等高线法简介.............................................................................................122.3.2计算原理.....................................................................................................122.4本章小结...........................................................................................................14第3章土方计算方法比较........................................................................................153.1野外施测...........................................................................................................153.1.1目的任务.....................................