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11111得阅读与写作者得天下中考比例62.5%短文填空15阅读理解30完形填空10读写综合2021111阅读步骤：1）扫读全文。尤其是首尾两段和每一段的首句（主题句），了解大意,理解文章的体裁（记叙文、议论文还是说明文）。2）浏览题干，锁定关键词3）细读全文，找出与题干和选项有关的句子和段落，并加以仔细研读。不可逐字逐句分析。这样会严重影响阅读速度及对整篇文章的把握。不要常回视已读部分。这是缺乏信心、患得患失的心理所致，回视会降低阅读速度和效率。切不可一遇生词就查词典。4）检验答案答案做完后，回归原文，检查答题有无疏漏，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，对照各题目推测判断，确保无误。31111阅读题型1.细节理解题WhichofthefollowingisTRUE(NOTtrue)?notmentioned?Fromparagraph…,weknowthat______.2014)Accordingtothispassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient____.A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.ChinaNobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.411112推理判断题1）.Whatcanyouconcludefromthispassage?你能从文中总结出什么？2）.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards...？作者对……的态度是什么？3）.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat＿．我们可以从文中推出__________。4）Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea_________.5）Thewriterwritesthispassageto____.511113.主旨大意题。1）.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?本文的主旨是什么？2）.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?文章主要讲述什么？3）.Whatdoesthewritewanttotellus?作者想要告诉我们什么？4）.标题问题：Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle?文章的最佳标题是哪个？4.词义猜测题61111阅读中的猜词技巧•阅读理解中不可避免地会遇到一些生词(有些是熟词生义)，疑难语句。遇到这些问题，我们可用下面几种方法解决：71111技巧1：根据同义词或反义词、因果、转折、情景、语境来判断Tomislazybuthisbrotherisindustrious.2013)What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword”survive”inthepassage?A.繁殖B.产卵C.觅食D.生存Insectswithcolorsdifferentfromplantscaneasilybefoundandeatenbyothers.Soinordertosurvive,theyhavetohidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight.刻苦的、勤奋的811112012情景语境What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinewords“fashiondesigners”inthepassage?A.珠宝设计师B.发型设计师C.舞台设计师D.服装设计师FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.2013.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“UVrays”mean?A.沙尘B.闪电C.紫外线D.超声波Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustforfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightformUVrays.91111技巧2：根据定义和释义来推测Sheisstudyingglaucoma，akindofdiseaseontheeyes.我们可能猜不出glaucoma的确切词义，但通过后面的解释可知道glaucoma(青光眼)是一种眼睛疾病。2014)Theunderlinedwordroyalmightmean_____inChinese.A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中产的D.平民的Theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.101111技巧3：根据常识来推测Waterusuallyboilsat100centigrade.众所周知，水的沸点是100摄氏度，由此不难判断出centigrade的意思是“摄氏度”。111111技巧4：运用构词法进行猜测ThecolorsofHawaiiinsummerareunforgettable.121111构词法：合成法转化法缩略法混成法131111合成方式例词合成动词oversleep睡过头underline在下面划线moonwalk月球行走合成代词everybody每个人anyone任何人somebody某个人nothing没有东西合成介词outside在......外边inside在......里边throughout遍及合成法141111转化法:一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。转化方式例词n.-v.watch手表/观看hand手/递book书/预订dress连衣裙/穿衣smell气味/闻taste味道/尝doubt疑问/怀疑n.-adj.right右边/对的light光线/轻的final决赛/最后的v.-adj.clean打扫/干净的close关上/近的open打开/开着的slow变慢/慢的dry弄干/干的wrong冤枉/错误的narrow使变窄/狭窄的adj.-adv.enough足够的/足够地hard艰苦的/努力地late晚的/迟到151111缩略法：把原有的词汇缩短，使读音和写法呈现出新的形式。剪切形式列词剪切掉原词的开始部分Telephone-phone电话airplane-plane飞机剪切掉原词的末尾部分Examination-exam考试剪切掉原词的两端Influenza-flu流感剪切掉原词的中间部分Year-yr年foot/ft英尺Greek-GK希腊161111首字母省略剪切形式例词按首字母拼读的缩略词VeryImportantPerson-VIPDoItYourself-DIY像单词一样拼读的首字母缩略词Acquiredimmunitydeficiencysyndrome-AIDSNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization-NATO北大西洋公约组织星期、月份缩写词Sun.Mon.Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri.SatJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.Jun.Jun.Aug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.符号缩写词number-No.percent-%forexample-e.g.andsoon-etc171111混成法breakfast+lunch-brunch早午餐smoke+fog-smog烟雾motor+hotel-motel汽车旅馆news+broadcast-newscast新闻广播181111llikeEnglishsomuch.“假话说多了也成真”191111文章的主旨大意——主题：1.看文章标题(包括小标题).2找主题句(常出现在首段或尾段处，若没有则应结合各段主题句进行归纳)Step1:主旨题.20Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-wasteC.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste√21ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjob…示范1,2段主题句22ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.示范3段主题句23TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn’tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.示范4段主题句24Step2：细节题.怎样寻找细节?1.找出关键词2.快速定位(锁定信息来源).3.忽略无关内容.62.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia√25Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbro