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Unit31.QuoteJohannWolfgangvonGoethe:Aman’smannersareamirrorinwhichheshowshisportrait.（歌德(1749－1832）是18世纪中叶到19世纪初德国和欧洲最重要的剧作家、诗人、思想家）CulturalinformationCulturalinformation1ReadingaloudAudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationGoodmannersareveryimportantinthecommunicationofdailylife.Everyonelikesapersonwithgoodmanners.Butwhataregoodmanners?Howdoesoneknowwhatshoulddoandwhatshouldnotdowhentryingtobeagood-manneredperson?Herearesomecommonexamples.Apersonwithgoodmannersneverlaughsatapeopleintrouble.Instead,he(she)alwaystriestoconsultorofferhelptotheperson.Whenhe(she)takesabusandseesanoldmanorasickman,he(she)alwaysgiveshis(her)seattohim.Hedoesn’tinterruptotherpeoplewhentheyaretalking.2.MannersCulturalinformation2ReadingaloudAudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationIdeasofwhataregoodmannersvaryindifferentregions.Forexample,peopleinWesterncountriesusuallykisseachothertoshowtheirgreetings,whereasinChina,kissinginpublicissomethingunusualandsometimesberegardedasimpolitetosomebodyelse.Soitisimportanttoknowthepoliteandimpolitebehaviorbeforeyougotoaregion.Butitisalwaysrighttobekindandhelpfultoothers.Culturalinformation3ReadingaloudAudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationWhatisthisessayconcernedwith?TextanalysisGlobalReading-Textanalysis1TextanalysisStructuralanalysisThisessayisconcernedwiththenecessityandsignificanceofgoodmanners.•Typesofwriting:•description•narration•exposition•argumentation:introduction(1)•body(2-10)•conclusion(11)(1)themainideaisusedasthemainframeworkofthetext;(2)thedeductivemethodisemployedinmostoftheparagraphs;1.Howistheessayorganized?StructuralanalysisStructuralanalysis1TextanalysisStructuralanalysisTheessayisorganizedchieflybymeansofthefollowingmethods:Structuralanalysis2TextanalysisStructuralanalysis(3)thewriter’spersonalexperiencesandsometypicalexamplesaremadegooduseofasconvincingevidence;(4)somekeyphrases,eachofwhichstandsinasingleline,areusedassubtitles.Structuralanalysis3TextanalysisStructuralanalysisThewriterputsforwardherviewpoint:nowadays,manypeopleshowalackofgoodmanners;theyarelessfriendlyorlesspolitethanpeopleinthepast.2.Workoutthestructureofthetextbycompletingthetable.Paragraph(s)Mainidea1Thewriterraisesandprovesheropinion:goodmannersareasortofhiddenbeautysecret,whichcanmakeonefeelbetterwithaniceimage.2-4Structuralanalysis4TextanalysisStructuralanalysisParagraph(s)MainideaThewriterpointsoutandillustratesthefavorableinfluenceofsomespecificgoodmannersonthereceivers.5-10Thewriterconcludesthatgoodmannersareinfectious;meanwhile,sheexpresseshersincerewishforapolitesociety.11Paragraph1Questions1)Whichsentencesinthefirstparagraphimplythatinageneralsense,peoplenowarelessgentle,lessfriendlyorlesspolitethanpeopleinthepast?2)WhatexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowthatmanypeopleinNewYorkCityarenotfriendlyorpolitewithoneanother?Detailedreading1--Quesion1Detailedreadinggetaway•1)succeedinleaving脱身，走开•Irememberwhatareliefitwastogetawayfromhome.•2)escape,esp,fromthesceneofcrime•3)havetoadmitthetruthofsth.,esp.sth.unpleasant不得不承认…的现实•e.g.Youcan’tgetawayfromtheunpleasantfactthatitwouldcostalotofmoney.•4)becomedifferentfromwhatitshouldbelike避免，与……不同•e.g.Thebookproducesanewimageofteacherwhichgetsawayfromthestereotype.appreciate:vt.1)recognizewithgratitude;begratefulforDetailedreading1–appreciatee.g.Weappreciateyourhelpingus.e.g.There’snopointbuyinghimexpensivewines—hedoesn’tappreciatethem.Detailedreading2)torecognizeorunderstandthatsomethingisvaluable,importantorasdescribedDerivations:appreciation:n.appreciative:adj.appreciable:adj.•appreciative:adj.feelingorshowingadmirationorthanks;有欣赏力的；感激的•appreciable:adj.enoughtobefelt,noticedorconsideredimportant可感觉到的；值得重视的•1)Weareextremely_______(appreciative,appreciable)ofyourfriendlyadvice.•2)Thereisno________(appreciative,appreciable)differencebetweenthetwo.Detailedreading1–appreciate2Synonyms:enjoy,understandDetailedreadingComparison:appreciate:Itmeans“tobethankfulorgratefulforsomething,”aswellas“tolikeorvaluesomethingforitsgoodqualities.”e.g.Wereallyappreciateallthehelpyougaveuslastweekend.appreciate,enjoyDetailedreading1–appreciate3DetailedreadingNowthatIamfree,Icanenjoymusicforawhile.既然有空，我可以享受一下音乐。enjoy:Itstressestakingpleasureinasituationoneisin,esp.tofindsatisfactionindoingsomething,andoftenappearsinthestructureof“enjoyoneself”.e.g.pullout:Detailedreading1--pulloute.g.Acarsuddenlypulledoutinfrontofme.一辆汽车突然横冲到我面前。Detailedreading1)(ofamotorvehicle,boat,etc.)tomoveoutofasideways2)toleaveordeparte.g.WhenIarrived,thetrainwaspullingoutofthestation.3)removeoneselffromanobligationortroublee.g.Hepulledoutwhenheheardhowmuchworkwasinvolved.Theyweresodeeplyinvolvedinthematterthattheyfoundithardtopullout.•Comparison•pullover,pulloff,pullin•pullover:todrivetothesideoftheroadandstopone’scar,ortomakesomeoneelsedothis•pulloff:tosucceedindoingsomethingdifficult•pullin:ifadriverpullsin,theymovetothesideoftheroadandstop••Fillintheblankswithproperwords:•1)Shepulled____tolettheambulancepass.•2)Thegoalkeeperpulled____sixterrificsaves.•3)Thepolicemansignaledtohimtopull____.Detailedreading