高考英语一轮复习 第二部分 核心语法项项破 专题7 定语从句课件

•专题七定语从句•一、关系代词与关系副词的选择•如果定语从句中缺乏主语、宾语或表语则使用关系代词who、whom、which或that引导定语从句；如果定语从句中缺乏状语则使用关系副词why、when或where引导定语从句。•用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子•1.OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,______youcanhearsomelovelymusic.(2015北京)•2．Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere______hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.(2015天津)•3．Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime_______heshouldbeabletobeindependent.(2015陕西)•4．Thebooksonthedesk,________coversareshiny，areprizesforus.(2015四川)•5.Amongthemanydangers_________sailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.(2014江西)•6．Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities_______theycangainexperienceforgrowth.(2014福建)•7．Hewrotealetter________heexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.(2013江西)•8．Thereason________theinjectionneedsrepeatingeveryyearisthattheviruschanges.•【答案】1.where2.where3.when4.whose5.that/which6.where7.where8.why•二、关系代词that与which的区别分类规则只用that，不用which的情况1.先行词是all,somebody,everything,anywhere,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词时；2．先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰时；3．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时；分类规则只用that，不用which的情况4．先行词被theonly,thevery(正是，恰是)，thelast修饰时；5．先行词中既有人也有物时；6．在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句时只用which，不用that的情况1.在非限制性定语从句中指物时；2．在“介词＋关系代词”结构中且先行词指物时。•用that或which完成下列句子•1．ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,________showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.(2015福建)•2．IborrowthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,________myclassmatesrecommendedtome.(2014北京)•3．Pleasesendusalltheinformation_______youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.(2014陕西)•4．Iwilltellyoueverything_______Ihaveknownabouttheaccident.•【答案】1.which2.which3.that4.that•三、关系代词who与whom的区别分类规则只用who不用whom的情况当先行词是one,ones,anyone,all,those等指人时只用whom不用who的情况在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，且先行词指人时•用关系代词who或whom完成下列句子•1．Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.(2013湖南)•2．Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof________arefamilymembers.(2013重庆)•【答案】1.who2.whom•四、关系代词as与which的区别as1.as作关系代词时，用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：as(it)oftenhappens,asIremember,asisoftenthecase(通常就是这样),asisexpected,asisknowntous,asisshown等。as3．“such/so…as…”意为“像……这样……”，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语等whichwhich引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容时，则只能位于句末•用关系代词as或which完成下列句子。•1．Thenumberofsmokers,_______isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.(2015江苏)•2．Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,_______isquiteunexpected.(2014四川)•3．MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2012,________madeoneoftheChinesepeople'slonghelddreamscometrue.(2013安徽)•4．________isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.(2013陕西)•【答案】1.as2.which3.which4.As•五、在“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选择•1．根据动词与介词的搭配。•TradingleathershoesisthebusinesstowhichtheGreensaredevoted.•2．根据形容词与介词的搭配。•TheboytowhomIwanttobegratefulisJohn.•3．根据从句的意义来确定介词。•IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.•4．表示“整体和部分关系”时，介词常用of。•(1)在some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等代词或数词的前、后可以用ofwhich/whom。•(2)the＋比较级或最高级前、后用ofwhich/whom等。•根据句意，用适当的介词填空•1.Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskill________whichschooleducationdepends.(2015安徽)•2.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,most________whomarefamilymembers.(2013重庆)•3．Thereisaholeinthewall_______whichyoucanseewhatishappeningoutside.•4．Thelocalvillagerstakeanactivepartindevelopingtourism,________whichtheycanmakeahugeprofit.•5．Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometown________whichweareallproud.•【答案】1.on/upon2.of3.through4.from5.of•六、way和time后接定语从句的情况•1．在定语从句中，theway在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是inwhich,that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。•2．先行词time作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略；当先行词time作“一段时间；时代”讲且作状语时，应用关系副词when或“at/during＋which”引导定语从句。①Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbutthewayinwhichthat不填hesaidit.让我吃惊的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。②Thewaythatwhich不填heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。③It'snotthefirsttime(that)you'vefoundyourselfinthissituation.你陷入这种状况已经不是第一次了。•④Therewasatimewhen/duringwhicheachteacherspentanhour,onedayaweek,testingpupilsineverysubject.•曾经，每个老师每周都有一天花费一小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。•根据括号中的汉语提示完成下面的句子•1．Idon'tliketheway________(你和你母亲说话)．•【答案】that/inwhichyouspeaktoyourmother•2．Ithinkthattheway_____________(你昨天使用的)waseffective.•【答案】that/whichyouusedyesterday•3．Thiswasthesecondtime_____________(我看这部电影)．•【答案】thatIhadseenthefilm