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美英报刊文章阅读（精选本）（第五版）UNITTWOLESSONFOURPARTONEWARMINGUPPARTONEWARMINGUPDirections:Inthispart,youaregoingtosee4schoolbadgesofworldfamousIVYLEAGUEschools.Trytoguessouttheirnames.BrownUniversityColumbiaUniversitytheUniversityofPennsylvaniaDartmouthCollegePARTTWOBUILDINGUPVOCABULARYPARTTWOBUILDINGUPVOCABULARYcommutedefaultoutcomeovercrowdinginstateinternshippercapitaplus未履行，拖欠州内的通勤结果；成果；出路堆积过度拥挤（用于数字或数量后）多于…的实习奖学金scholarshipAnintroductiontoChineseinothercountriesAnintroductiontoChineseinothercountriesAnintroductiontoChineseinothercountriesAnintroductiontoChineseinothercountriesAnintroductiontoChineseinothercountriesPARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONIsanIvyLeagueDiplomaWorthIt?FearingMassiveDebt,MoreStudentsAreChoosingtoEnrollatPublicCollegesOverEliteUniversities.PARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONByMELISSAKORNMELISSAKORNPARTTHREEIsanIvyLeagueDiplomaWorthIt?DanielSchwartzcouldhave1attendedanIvyLeagueschoolifhewantedto.Hejustdoesn’tseethevalue.Mr.Schwartz,18yearsold,wasacceptedatCornelUniversitybutenrolledinsteadatCityUniversityofNewYork’sMacaulayHonorsCollege,whichisfree.Mr.SchwartzsayshisfamilycouldhaveaffordedCornell’stuition,withhelpfromscholarshipsandloans.Buthewantstobeadoctorandthinksmedicalschool,whichcouldeasilycostupwardof$45,000ayearforaprivateinstitution,isamoreimportantinvestment.Itwasn’t“worthittospend$50,000plusayearforabachelor’sdegree,”hesays.PARTTHREEAsstudent-loandefaultratesclimbandcollegegraduatesfailtolandjobs,anincreasingnumberofstudentsarebettingtheycangetjustasfarwithadegreefromalessexpensiveschoolastheycanwithadiplomafromaneliteschool—withouthavingtotakeondebt.Morestudentsarechoosinglower-costpubliccollegesorcommutingtoschoolsfromhometosaveonhousingexpenses.Twenty-twopercentofstudentsfromfamilieswithannualhouseholdincomesabove$100,000attendedpublic,twoyearschoolsinthe2010-2011academicyear,upfrom12%thepreviousyear,accordingtoareportfromstudent-loancompanySallieMae.“IthoughtthattheIvy11Leaguetitlewouldreally,reallyboostmychancesofgettingintoagoodmedschool,”Mr.Schwartzsays.Asstudent-loandefaultratesclimbandcollegegraduatesfailtolandjobs,anincreasingnumberofstudentsarebettingtheycangetjustasfarwithadegreefromalessexpensiveschoolastheycanwithadiplomafromaneliteschool—withouthavingtotakeondebt.Becausestudentloandefaultratesgoupandcollegegraduatesfailtosecurejobs,moreandmorestudentsarestatingthatiftheygotoalessexpensiveschoolratherthananeliteschool,theycanstillachievethesamegoals.What’smore,theydonotneedtoborrowmoneyfortheirtuition.defaultrates—违约率1andjobs—tosecurejobs工作有着落；找到工作takeondebt—toacceptdebtSallieMaePARTTHREENow,heisaimingfortopgradesatMacaulaytoremaincompetitivewithIvyLeaguecandidates.Suchchoicesmeantfamiliesacrossallincomebracketsspent9%less—anaverageof$21,889incash,loans,scholarshipsandothermethods—oncollegein2010-11thaninthepreviousyear,accordingtothereport.Highincomefamiliescuttheircollegespendingby18%,to$25,760.Thereport,whichisreleasedannually,wasbasedonasurveyofabout1,600studentsandparents.Theapproachhasrisks.Top-tiercollegestendtoattractrecruitingvisitsfromcompaniesthathavestoppedvisitingelsewhere.Adiplomafromaneliteschoolcanlookbettertomanyrecruitersandgraduateschools,aswell.Andovercrowdingatstateschoolsmeansstudentscouldbelockedoutofrequiredcoursesandhavedifficultycompletingtheirdegreesinfouryears.AndovercrowdingatstateschoolsmeansstudentscouldbelockedoutofrequiredcoursesandhavedifficultycompletingtheirdegreesinfouryearsItiseasierforelitecollegestoattractcompaniestocometotheircampusestorecruitgraduateswhilethecompaniesdonotgotoothercollegesanymore.recruitingvisits—校园招聘学生可能选不上必修课并且很难在四年内取得学位。lockout—关在门外；不准进入…Top-tiercollegestendtoattractrecruitingvisitsfromcompaniesthathavestoppedvisitingelsewherePARTTHREEMr.SchwartzstartedattheMacaulayHonorsprogramatQueensCollegethisfallwith“nagging”disappointmentbuthascometotermswithhisdecision.“Ihavetogrowup.IhavetoincorporatewhatIwantandwhatIcanhave,”hesays.“Eventhoughpeoplesaymoneyshouldn’tbeeverything,inthissituation,moneywasthemostimportantthing.”Hesayshehadgrownenamoredwiththe“prestige”ofanIvyLeaguedegree.Histeacherscitedthenetworkingopportunitiesandacademicrigor.Itdidn’thelpthathisfatherattendedPrincetonUniversityandhisuncle,ColumbiaUniversity.“IthoughtthattheIvy11Leaguetitlewouldreally,reallyboostmychancesofgettingintoagoodmedschool,”Mr.Schwartzsays.Now,heisaimingfortopgradesatMacaulaytoremaincompetitivewithIvyLeaguecandidates.cometotermsItdidn’thelpthathisfatherattendedPrincetonUniversityandhisuncle,ColumbiaUniversitytoaccept(sthonedoesnotwanttoaccept)Hisfather’sandhisuncle’sdiplomasatthetwofamousUniversitiesdidnothelphimchangetheschoolchoosingdecision.PARTTHREEThereislittlequestionthathavingacollegedegreegivescandidatesanedgeinthejobmarket.Theunemploymentrateforpeoplewithabachelor’sdegreewas4.9%lastmonth,comparedwith10.5%forhighschoolgraduateswithnodegree,accordingtotheBureauofLaborStatistics.Butadegreefromaprivatecollegealsoisexpensiveandpilesondebt.Theaveragedebtloadforstudentswhotookoutloanshitarecord$27,200fortheclassthatgraduatedthisyear,