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美英报刊文章阅读（精选本）（第五版）UNITTWOLESSONFIVEPARTONEWARMINGUPPARTONEWARMINGUPDirections:Inthispart,youaregoingtosee4tycoonsofworldfamousmediaagencies.Trytoguessoutwhoarethey.KeithRupertMurdoch基思·鲁珀特·默多克JosephJoePulitzer约瑟夫·普利策BritonHadden布里顿·哈登TedTurner特德特纳PARTTWOBUILDINGUPVOCABULARYPARTTWOBUILDINGUPVOCABULARYBachelorburdencitedefinitelyencounterfinancePGOinitialloan使背负，使苦恼遇到学士引用最初的明确地贷款资助最小的minimumPARTTWOBUILDINGUPVOCABULARYmodestnegativeoutcomepercentagepost-secondarypursuesurveystatistics消极的；非建设性的高等教育不大的，适度的结果；成果；出路调查百分比，百分率统计继续从事，进行转移，调动transferPARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONDebtBurdenAltersOutlookforUSGraduatesPARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONByShannonBondandJasonAbbruzzeseinNewYorkandRobinHardinginWashingtonPARTTHREEDebtBurdenAltersOutlookforUSGraduatesAtuniversitiesacrosstheUS,theclassof2012iscelebratingtheendofcollege.But,fortheestimated1.8mstudentsreceivingbachelor’sdegreesthisspring,thefinancialcrisisthatunfoldedduringtheirfirstyearoncampusin2008isstillcastingalongshadowovertheirfutures.Almostfiveyearsafterthecrisisbegan,theoverallunemploymentrateisstillmiredabove8percentwhilethatforrecentuniversitygraduatesisstuckat6.8percent.thefinancialcrisisthatunfoldedduringtheirfirstyearoncampusin2008isstillcastingalongshadowovertheirfuturesfinancialcrisisthefinancialcrisisthatbecamespreadoutwhentheywerefreshmenin2008isstillmakingtheirfuturesuncertain.castashadowover/onsth.—makesth.dark(给…笼罩上阴影)thathere“that”refersto“theoverallunemploymentrate”.(“that”在这个从句里做主语，彿代主句里的主语部分，以免重复。)isstuckatisfixedatPARTTHREEFormanyyoungAmericans,thepromiseofadegreehasturnedtodisappointmentastheyfindthemselvesstrugglingtofindtheirfirstjob,stillburdenedbystudentdebt.Whatisworse,studiesshowthatgraduatingatatimeofhighunemploymentcanblightayoungperson’searningpowerfortherestoftheircareerandhaveanimpactonthebroadereconomyaswell.Inawidely-citedpaper,LisaKahnoftheYaleSchoolofManagementlookedatdatafromtheearly1980srecession,andfoundaone-percentagepointincreaseintheunemploymentrateforcollegegraduatesledtoa6-7percentdropininitialwages.thepromiseofadegreehasturnedtodisappointmentastheyfindthemselvesstrugglingtofindtheirfirstjob,stillburdenedbystudentdebttheexpectationofgettingagoodjobaftergraduatingandgettingdegreeshasturnedtodisappointment,becausetheyfinditdifficulttogettheirfirstjob,andcan’tearnenoughmoneytopaybackthemoneytheyhadloanedandtheyarestillunderthepressureofdebts.PARTTHREEEven15yearslater,theirwagelosswasastatisticallysignificant2.5percent.Seventeen-year-oldChelseaKatz,whoplanstoattendtheUniversityofMarylandintheautumn,saidshetookintoaccounttheeconomyandpossibledebtwhenpickingaschoolandchoosingherdegree.“ForalongtimeIhavewantedtostudybusinessbutdefinitelyamajorfactorinthatisthemorepromisingoutlookforabusinessmajorcomingoutofcollege,”Ms.Katzsaid.“Theideaofpost-collegedebtdefinitelyscaresmebutItryandfocusonthepresent,notthefuture,whilekeepinginmindcomingoutofcollegewiththeminimumamountofdebtpossible.”tookintoaccountpickingaschooldefinitelyamajorfactorinthatisthemorepromisingoutlookforabusinessmajorcomingoutofcollegeconsideredchoosingaschoolundoubtedly,themainreasonformetochoosetostudybusinessisthatabusinessgraduatemayhaveabrighterfuture.（毫无疑问，我选择读工商专业的主要原因，是工商专业毕业生走出校门后可能会有更好的前途。）PARTTHREEAsurveyfromRutgersUniversityfoundtwo-thirdsofgraduateswhofinishedcollegebetween2006and2011wouldhavemadedifferentchoices,suchasmajoringinanotherfield,takingonmoreinternshipsorpart-timejobs,startedlookingforworksooner,choosingadifferentinstitutionorevenskippedhighereducationaltogether.“There’salotof‘IwishIhadknown’thinkingweseefromthestudentsencounteringtheharshrealitiesofthelabormarket,”9saidCarlVanHorn,directorofRutgers’HeldrichCenterforWorkforceDevelopment,whichconductedthestudy.Halfofthestudents10surveyedwereworkingfull-time,withanother12percentworkingpart-timeand20percentpursuinggraduateorprofessionaldegrees11.takingonundertaking,handlingPARTTHREEAboutaquarteroftheemployedgraduatessaidtheirpositionwasbelowtheirlevelofeducation,aquartersaidtheywereearninglessthantheyexpected,andaquartersaidtheyhadtoacceptajoboutsidetheirfieldinordertofindwork.Themedianstartingsalaryforthosewhofinishedschoolbetween2009and2011fellto$27,000from$30,000in2006and2007.Theseconditionsaresqueezingyoungpeople’sabilitytorepaythestudentloansthathavebecomeastandardpartofhighereducationassoaringtuitionfeesoutpaceincomegrowth.PARTTHREEInthepastdecade,publishedpricesfortuitionfeeshaverisen29percentatprivateschoolsand72percentatpublicinstitutions,accordingtotheCollegeBoard.Thepublicuniversities,onceseenasatickettohigherearningsformiddleandlow-incomestudents,havebeenhardhitbydeepcutstostatebudgetsthathavetransferredmoreofthecostburdenontostudentsandtheirfamilies.“Weasanationhavebeendisinvestinginpostsecondaryeducation,”saidMarkKantrowitz,publisherofFinAid.org,awebsiteonfinancialaid.“Whengrantsdon’tkeeppacewithcollegecosts,youhavethreemainoutcomes:studentsgraduatewiththousandsofdollarsofadditionaldebt,studentsshifttolowercostschools,suchascommunitycolleges,whichhaveanegativeimpactongraduationra