linux_虚拟机_安装_使用

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Linux操作系统虚拟机•在实际应用中有时我们有可能还要用到windows环境,为了不切换系统,我们可以使用虚拟机技术在linux操作系统中再安装一个windowsxp系统,让xp跑在linux下,现在虚拟机软件有很多,例如parallels、virtualbox以及vmware等,本章主要介绍vmware(paralles安装xp非常慢、virtualbox设置没有vmware简单)。Linux操作系统1安装vmware•首先大家要下载5.5.3版forlinux的包,如图所示,因为版本低的会出现找不到内核问题Linux操作系统虚拟机•然后将该包解压缩。(我将该包全部文件解压到桌面上的vmware-distrib目录中)进入终端窗口后,输入cd/root/Desktop/vmware-distrib•并回车,现在终端提示符变更为[root@localhostvmware-distrib]#,•输入./vmware-install.pl并回车出现以下提示:Creatinganewinstallerdatabaseusingthetar3format.Installingthecontentofthepackage.Inwhichdirectorydoyouwanttoinstallthebinaryfiles?[/usr/bin]Linux操作系统虚拟机•这个选项是问你是否想要把二进制可执行文件放入默认的/usr/bin文件夹中,回车后出现以下提示:Whatisthedirectorythatcontainstheinitdirectories(rc0.d/torc6.d/)?[/etc/rc.d]回车后出现:Whatisthedirectorythatcontainstheinitscripts?[/etc/rc.d/init.d]Linux操作系统虚拟机•回车后出现:Inwhichdirectorydoyouwanttoinstallthelibraryfiles?[/usr/lib/vmware]回车后出现:Thepath/usr/lib/vmwaredoesnotexistcurrently.Thisprogramisgoingtocreateit,includingneededparentdirectories.Isthiswhatyouwant?[yes]输入y后并回车,系统自动建立相关文件夹并复制相关文件,需要等一会,可以看见光标闪呀闪,然后会出现:Linux操作系统虚拟机•Inwhichdirectorydoyouwanttoinstallthemanualfiles?[/usr/share/man]回车后出现:Inwhichdirectorydoyouwanttoinstallthedocumentationfiles?[/usr/share/doc/vmware]回车后出现:Thepath/usr/share/doc/vmwaredoesnotexistcurrently.Thisprogramisgoingtocreateit,includingneededparentdirectories.Isthiswhatyouwant?[yes]Linux操作系统虚拟机•输入y并回车后出现:TheinstallationofVMwareWorkstation5.5.3build-34685forLinuxcompletedsuccessfully.Youcandecidetoremovethissoftwarefromyoursystematanytimebyinvokingthefollowingcommand:/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall.pl.BeforerunningVMwareWorkstationforthefirsttime,youneedtoconfigureitbyinvokingthefollowingcommand:/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl.Doyouwantthisprogramtoinvokethecommandforyounow?[yes]第一段的意思是告诉用户将来可以用/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall.pl命令来卸载该软件Linux操作系统虚拟机•第二段的意思是在该虚拟机第一次运行前必须对它用/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl这个命令进行配置,你现在是否执行?当然了,回车,然后会出现下面的提示:MakingsureservicesforVMwareWorkstationarestopped.StoppingVMwareservices:Virtualmachinemonitor[确定]YoumustreadandaccepttheEndUserLicenseAgreementtocontinue.Pressentertodisplayit.最后一段话是让用户阅读并接受该软件的授权许可,按回车键显示,你也可以按住回车键不放,会发现屏幕在飞快地向上滚动,同时最下面的一行会有一个百分比数字在增加,全部显示完毕后会出现:Doyouaccept?(yes/no)Linux操作系统1安装vmware续•这里必须输入y,然后出现以下提示:Thankyou.ConfiguringfallbackGTK+2.4libraries.Inwhichdirectorydoyouwanttoinstallthemimetypeicons?[/usr/share/icons]回车后出现:Whatdirectorycontainsyourdesktopmenuentryfiles?Thesefileshavea.desktopfileextension.[/usr/share/applications]Linux操作系统虚拟机•回车后出现:Inwhichdirectorydoyouwanttoinstalltheapplication‘sicon?[/usr/share/pixmaps]回车后出现:Tryingtofindasuitablevmmonmoduleforyourrunningkernel.Noneofthepre-builtvmmonmodulesforVMwareWorkstationissuitableforyourrunningkernel.Doyouwantthisprogramtotrytobuildthevmmonmoduleforyoursystem(youneedtohaveaCcompilerinstalledonyoursystem)?[yes]输入y并回车后出现:Linux操作系统虚拟机•Usingcompiler/usr/bin/gcc.UseenvironmentvariableCCtooverride.WhatisthelocationofthedirectoryofCheaderfilesthatmatchyourrunningkernel?[/lib/modules/2.6.18-1.2798.fc6/build/include]回车后出现:Extractingthesourcesofthevmmonmodule.Buildingthevmmonmodule.Using2.6.xkernelbuildsystem.Linux操作系统•make:Enteringdirectory`/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only'make-C/lib/modules/2.6.18-1.2798.fc6/build/include/..SUBDIRS=$PWDSRCROOT=$PWD/.modulesmake[1]:Enteringdirectory`/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2798.fc6-i686'CC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/driver.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/hash.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmx86.oCC[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmcore/moduleloop.oLinux操作系统•LD[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.oBuildingmodules,stage2.MODPOSTCC/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.mod.oLD[M]/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.komake[1]:Leavingdirectory`/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-1.2798.fc6-i686'cp-fvmmon.ko./../vmmon.omake:Leavingdirectory`/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only'Themoduleloadsperfectlyintherunningkernel.Doyouwantnetworkingforyourvirtualmachines?(yes/no/help)[yes]最后一行是问你是否需要虚拟机能够运行网络,当然选是,输入y并回车出现:Linux操作系统•Configuringabridgednetworkforvmnet0.Yourcomputerhasmultipleethernetnetworkinterfacesavailable:eth0,eth1.Whichonedoyouwanttobridgetovmnet0?[eth0]这里是让你配置真实网卡与虚拟网卡桥接的,注意,第二段可能每个人的机器显示会不一样,如果机器上只有一块网卡就没有选择的余地了,因为我家里的台式机有两块网卡,eth1是连接ADSL宽带用的,eth0是与笔记本电脑进行双机互联用的,所以我选eth0,请大家根据自己的实际情况配置,输入eth0后回车出现:Linux操作系统•Thefollowingbridgednetworkshavebeendefined:.vmnet0isbridgedtoeth0Doyouwishtoconfigureanotherbridgednetwork?(yes/no)[no]你是否需要配置另一个桥接网络,这里默认的选项是no,回车后出现:DoyouwanttobeabletouseNATnetworkinginyourvirtualmachines?(yes/no)[yes]Linux操作系统1安装vmware再续•回车后出现:ConfiguringaNATnetworkforvmnet8.Doyouwantthisprogramtoprobeforanunusedprivatesubnet?(yes/no/help)[yes]Probingforanunusedprivatesubnet(thiscantakesometime)...EitheryourhostisnotconnectedtoanIPnetwork,oritsnetworkconfigurationdoes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