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1.谓语动词：概述：2.非谓语词：在句子中担任谓语的动词是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分(通俗地说，就是不能作谓语的动词变形）判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法1.Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.2.Shegotoffthebus,but______(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leavingleft非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和非谓语动词的使用中起着关键的作用。1.Themantookoutthekey,_________(open)thedoorandenteredtheroom.2.Themansatthere,_________(read)abook.3._______(work)hard,andyouwillsucceed.4.Thequestion___________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.5.___________(improve)hisspokenEnglish,Mr.ZhanggoestotheEnglishcornereverySaturday.openedreadingWorkdiscussedToimprove1Theteacherssittingtherearefromotherschools.表语2Wesawsometeacherssittingthere.宾语补足语3Weneedtobeactiveinclass.宾语谓语宾语主语定语连系动词非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.动词不定式（TheInfinitive）一.动词不定式的基本构成由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoingtohavebeendoing不定式时态的用法1.不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，或之后发生用一般时态1)Hewanted___________(see)you.2)Ihope___________(see)youagain._______2.强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态WhenIcamein,hepretended(read)abook.3.强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时Heissaid_________________(write)anovellastyear.4.强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去时，用完成进行式Sheissaid(work)ontheproblemformanyyears.toseetoseetobereadingtohavewrittentohavebeenworking不定式被动语态的用法•当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态•Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.•Sheasked______________(send)toworkinTibet.•Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.tobesenttohavebeentranslated如何确定动词不定式的语态技巧：找逻辑主语1.Iopenedthedoor_________(enter)theroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeeting__________________(hold)tomorrow.㈠.一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。toentertobeheld(二）进行式（三）完成式1.Iamveryglad_______________(work)withyou.2.Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。tobeworkingtohavebeentranslatedEXX.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgiven.1.Tomhappened_____________(pass)bywhentheyspokeillofhim.2.Weallhope___________(become)scientists.3.Weallwant____________(take)partinthesportsmeet.4.Ihappened______________(read)thearticlewhenheaskedmeaboutit.5.Hepretended_______________(be)adriver.6.Whenthefathercamehome,thenaughtyboypretended________________(do)hishomework.tobepassingbebecometotaketohavereadtobetobedoing7.Heissaidto___________(write)anovelnow.bewriting8.Heissaid___________________(send)toLondonalready.9.Sheissaid_________________(meet)afairyoneday.10.Aliceissaid_______________(do)herhomeworkinherownroomnow.11.Idon’texpectthem_____________(wait)formewhenIarrivedtheresolate.12.Theseboysaresaid______________(praise)fordoinggoodsdeeds.tohavebeensenttohavemettobedoingtobewaitingtobepraised1.作主语不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。Toseeistobelieve．Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault.注：常用it做形式主语，将todo放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It+谓语+todoIttakesusanhour________(get)therebybus.句型2：It’s+n.+todoIt’sourduty_________(help)thepoor.Itisagreatenjoyment___________(spend)ourholidayinthemountains二.动词不定式的句法作用非谓语动词讲解togettohelptospend句型3：Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth（是形容人的品质的）（是形容事物的性质的）Itiseasy______metofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonor_______ustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.Itisverykind___youtogivemesomehelp.It'simpolite___youtospeaktotheteacherlikethat.＝Youareverykindtogivemesomehelp.＝youareimpolitetospeaktotheteacherlikethat.非谓语动词讲解forforofof2.作表语1).如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。(一致性)_______(do)twothingsatatimeistodoneither．一次做两件事等于未做。_________(see)istobelieve.百闻不如一见。（眼见为实）2)系动词be,appear,seem,prove后用todo形式做表语；betodo,beabouttodo结构表将来时:HeistomarryRose.Hewasabout________(enter)whenheheardacry.非谓语动词讲解TodoToseetoenter3).如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，不定式作表语对主语的内容做具体说明作用。Hiswishis________(buy)acarinthenearfuture.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆轿车。Themostimportantthingis__________(take)measurestopreventthepollution.最重要的事情是采取措施阻止污染．4).Whatshewantstodomostnowis_________(travel)abroad.(主语是what,all引导的名词性从句)非谓语动词讲解tobuytotaketotravelExx:1.Toliveis___________(struggle).2.Herwishis___________(become)adoctor.3.Iwasjustabout____________(leave)theofficewhenthephonerang.4.Myjobis___________(look)afterthechildrentoday.5.我们计划去参观那个大型工厂。We____________thelargefactory.6.Whatinterestedmemostwas__________(find)suchathingintheforest.7.Thecaptainseemed____________(hesitate)foramoment.8.Hiswordsproved______________(correct).tostruggletobecometoleavetolookaretovisittofindtohesitatetobecorrect常见动词有：口诀:想要决定同意，希望许诺选择需要want,decide,,agree,wish,hope,promise,choose,need3.作宾语如：wanttodoIwanttoknowthismatter.Idon’texpecttomeetyouhere.1).接不定式做宾语1.Theywanted_____(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?2.Hesaidhewished_____(be)aprofessor.3.Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.4.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)whenshewasinhertwenties.5.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand.6.Thepatientdesired_______(tell)thetruth.togettobetogotodancetogive非谓语动词讲解tobetold不定式与动名词区别很大:rememberforgetregrettrymeanstopgooncan’thelp非谓语动词讲解1.Boys,don'tforget_____thewindowsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.A.closingB.closedC.toclosingD.toclose2.Shereachedtheto