翻译作为一种职业(现场版)

北京市民讲外语活动名师外语讲座系列(7)北京外国语大学北京外国语大学网络教育学院在线直播：名师外语讲座系列7教授课程：《当代西方翻译理论》、《英汉笔译》、《汉英交替传译》、《语言学导论》、《高级英语写作和研究方法》等研究生课程名师外语讲座系列7现任职务现任北京外国语大学高级翻译学院院长、教授、博士生导师；中国外语教育研究中心副主任研究领域：翻译研究，对比语言学，形式语言学王立弟教授TranslationasamarketableserviceEffectivecommunicationClient’sneedsCodeofconduct/ethicsResponsibilitiesandrisksOne’sowninterestDifferentfromlanguagelearning名师外语讲座系列7ThebasicqualitiesLanguagecompetenceKnowledgeofthesubjectmattersTranslating/interpretingskills&experienceStateofthemindTrainingIIIIIIIVV名师外语讲座系列75.EncyclopedicknowledgeLanguagecompetenceI名师外语讲座系列71.Phonologicalaspects2.Structuralaspects3.Contextualvariation4.Lexicon(words)voicecontrol1.Phonologicalaspectsaccentstoneofvoice1…theimportanceofthesepointswouldbedifficulttoexaggerate.2.Governmentsandtheirinternationalagenciesarethesedaysmindfulthatpublicopinionisanythingbutsquarelybehindthem.3.Theseoutbreaksofanti-capitalistsentimentaremeetingnexttonointellectualresistancefromofficialquarters.2.StructuralaspectsIdiomaticframesComprehensionclues表示祝贺表示关切表示震惊和不安表示反对作出呼吁和谴责2.StructuralaspectsComprehensioncluesIdiomaticframes表示祝贺：表示关切：Pleaseallowme,sir,tocongratulateyouonyourassumptionofthepresidencyoftheSecurityCouncilforthismonth.(主席先生，请允许我对您担任本月安理会主席表示祝贺。)TheforeignministersexpressedtheirdeepconcernattheaggravationoftensionsintheMiddleEast.(各国外长对中东紧张局势的加剧表示深切关注。)表示震惊和不安：表示反对：做出呼吁和谴责：TheSecretary-Generalisshockedandgreatlydismayedbythebloodshed…(秘书长对流血事件表示震惊和极大不安)Wewouldliketostateourcleardisapprovaloftheuseofforce…(我们声明明确反对使用武力…)WecallontheSecurityCounciltocondemnthecrimecommittedby…(我们呼吁安理会谴责…犯下的罪行)Theconsumptionofanynutrimentswhatsoeveriscategoricallyprohibitedinthisestablishment.--officialeseTheconsumptionofnutrimentsisprohibited.--officialYouarerequestednottoconsumefoodinthisestablishment.--formalEatingisnotallowedhere.--neutralPleasedon’teathere.--InformalYoucan’tfeedyourfacehere.--colloquialLayoffthenosh.--slangLayoffthefuckingnosh.--taboo3.ContextualvariationOpenclasses:recession,abooming/sluggisheconomy,globalization,integrationoffshoreeconomyabullish/bearishmarket,socialsafetynets,lifeexpectancy,infantmortalityrateozonedepletion,bio-diversity,NoxAlzheimer’sdisease,narcotics,anti-dopingterrorism,anthrax,dirtybombsuicidebomber4.Lexicon(words)InternalknowledgeExternalknowledgeCostandrisks5.EncyclopedicknowledgeDubaiInternationalAwardforBestPracticesSubmissionGuideandReportingFormatfortheYear2002Thisguideprovidesdetailedinformationonhowtosubmita2002BestPracticefortheDubaiInternationalAwardforBestPracticestoImprovetheLivingEnvironment.Specifically,userswillfindinformationonthefollowing::ExternalknowledgeKnowledgeofthesubjectmattersIITranslation/InterpretationStrategiesIII1.howtoworkwithnumbers2.text(discourse)analysis3.macro-functionsoflanguageTheagriculturalBankofChinainAprilsaidoperatingprofitrose48percentinthefirstquarterto7.9billionyuanasitsbadloanratiofell.Example1:1.howtoworkwithnumbersExample2:OfthetenrichescountriesintheworldItermsofGDPperhead,onlytwohavemorethan5mpeople:theUnitedStates,with260m,andSwitzerland,with7m.Afurthertowhavepopulationsover1m:Norway,with4mandSingapore,with3m.Theremaininghalf-dozenhavefewerthan1mpeople.Cohesionandcoherence2.text(discourse)analysisTexttypologyInformativefunction3.macro-functionsoflanguageExpressivefunctionOperativefunctionPhaticfunctionA.theplaincommunicationoffacts:information,knowledge,opinions,etc.B.logicalorreferentialC.thecontentorthetopicisthemainfocusofcommunicationInformativefunctionInformativetext1SincethefallofSaddam’sgovernmentinApril,militarycommandershavesaidthattheyhavespentmorethan$100milliononprojectsintheprovincesundertheircontrol.Thesourceofthefundswastheseizedassetsoftheoldregime,Bremersaidhewantedtospendmorethandoublethatoverthenextsixmonths.Informativetext2BothGermanyandFranceareheadingforbudgetdeficitsofnearly4%ofGDP.Social-securitydeficitsareoutofcontrol.Theshortfallin2003and€10.6billionin2003and14.1billionin2004.Unlesschangesaremade,social-securitypaymentscouldrisefromover45%ofpayto54%in2030,bysomeestimates.A.creativecompositionB.theaestheticdimensionC.theauthoror“sender”isforegrounded,aswellastheformofthemessageExpressivefunctionMichaelJackson’sLyricsYouRockMyWorldHo...oh...Mylifewillneverbethesame'Causegirl,youcameandchangedThewayIwalkThewayItalkIcannotexplainthethingsIfeelforyouButgirl,youknowit'strueStaywithme,fulfillmydreamsAndI'llbeallyou'llneedOh,oh,oh,oh,ooh,itfeelssoright(Girl)I'vesearchedfortheperfectloveallmylife(Allmylife)A.Inducingbehavioralresponses.B.Theaimistoappealtoorpersuadethereaderor“receiver”toact.C.Theformisdialogicandfocusisreader.OperativefunctionWemustdomorethantalkaboutourfuture,however.Wemuststarttocreateit,now.LettheMillenniumSummitsignaltherenewedcommitmentofMemberStatestotheirUnitedNations,byagreeingonourcommonvision.Lettheworld’sleadersprovetheircommitmentbyactingonitassoonastheyreturnhome.Example1:Commercials1Blo