43管理研究方法论之英文摘要

技能要求1、记笔记的技能2、阅读专业文献，摘要出论文基本框架3、文献综述4、掌握写作学术论文的结构5、掌握报告学术论文的结构6、数据处理方法和工具Saturday,February01,2020第1张学术论文的基本结构I.引言由一个日期开始主题的背景焦点II.主体A.（焦点的第一部分）B.（焦点的第二部分）C.（焦点的第三部分）III.结论Saturday,February01,2020第2张结论I.回顾论文中所阐述的内容，一般为三个自然段；II.第二种方法的第一部分是第一种方法的缩写版本，大概一段半，剩下的一段半将论文中的材料与一个更大领域的主题联系起来；III.第三种方法的第一段是回顾论文内容，第二段是将其与一个更大范围的主题联系起来，第三段是讨论其与人类生存状况/福祉的关系。第三种方法有人称为：“诺贝尔奖式的结论”。Saturday,February01,2020第3张学术论文的较复杂结构I.引言由一个日期开始主题的背景存在的问题已有研究的几个不同观点论文的研究焦点研究意义数据与方法基本结论论文结构Saturday,February01,2020第4张笔记来源：“论文题目”，作者姓名，出版期刊及时间主题：[所有信息的主要分类]分类词1：内容分类词2：内容分类词3：内容分类词4：内容分类词5：内容Saturday,February01,2020第5张练笔I.Ireadaninterestingarticleaboutthe[分类词1]、[分类词2]and[分类词3]of[主题]。Thearticleisentitled“论文题目”，writtenby“nameofAuthor”.ItappearedinPublication.[分类词1][动词]……[第二句]、[第三句]。[分类词2][动词]……[第二句]、[第三句]。[分类词3][动词]……[第二句]、[第三句]。Saturday,February01,2020第6张I.Thegoodpointsofthearticlearethatitis1,2,3.Thebadpointsofthearticlearethatitis1,2,3.Onbalance,thearticleis[important/unimportant]/[amajorarticle/aminorarticle]/[X/Y]because1,2,3.Saturday,February01,2020第7张InformandFocusInformbeginswithadate(toorientthereaderintime),andcontainsafact,orafigure,orboth.Itcontinues(insentence2)withapresentationoftherelevantbackgroundinformationtothesubjectofthepaper:Saturday,February01,2020第8张I.In1776,AdamSmith(1723-1790)publishedhis852-pageWealthofNations,therebylayingthefoundationsofclassicalfree-marketeconomictheory.(Sentence2.)In1998,ChinaDailyestimatedthefloatingpopulationofBeijingat500,000,consistingoflaborers,theirrelatives,andvariouscriminalelements.(Sentence2.)Saturday,February01,2020第9张•Sentence2containsalongerorshorterelaborationofthematerial(background):thisentiresection(introduction)endswithfocus.Focustellsthereaderwhatthewriterintendstodowiththematerialbylayingthegroundworkforthethreesectionsofthebody:Saturday,February01,2020第10张•Ex.:Inthispaper,IwilldescribethemainelementsofAdamSmith’stheory,tracethedevelopmentoftheirapplicationtotheeconomicsystemsofEngland,Germany,andtheSovietUnion,andsummarizetheirapplicabilitygiventhecurrentstateofglobalization.Saturday,February01,2020第11张平行表述：二重还是三重？中文思维习惯于二重表述，英文思维习惯于三重表述：Chinesewriter:(1a)Thegovernmentgavealotofthoughttothismatterandarrivedataplanofaction.ThentheyputitintopracticeintheruralareainHenanprovince.Englishwriter:(1b)Thegovernmentanalyzedtheproblem,decidedonaplanofaction,andimplementeditinHenan’sruralareas.Saturday,February01,2020第12张Chinesewriter:(2a)Theirperfectedandflexiblemanagementrendersitpossibleforforeignbankstoprovidehigh-qualityandefficientfinancialservices.Foreignbankshavecompleteandmodernmanagementsystemsandbusinessmonitoringsystems.TheirflexibleoperationalmechanismsenablethemtoadaptthemselvestoChina’soperationalenvironmentandmeetcustomers’variousdemandseasily.Inaddition,theyengageinmarketresearchandanalyzecustomers’needsandcreatenewfinancialservicesatappropriatetimesandevenprovidetailor-madeservicestomeetthedifferentneedsofdifferentcustomers.Saturday,February01,2020第13张Englishwriter:(2b)Theirmodern,developed,andflexiblemanagementrendersitpossibleforforeignbankstoprovidehigh-quality,low-cost,andefficientfinancialservices.Foreignbanksenjoycomplete,modern,andeffectivemanagementsystems,businessmonitoringsystems,andreviewsystems.TheirflexibleoperationalmechanismsenablethemtoadaptthemselvestoChina’soperationalenvironment,activelypursuenewcustomers,andmeettheirvariousdemandseasily.Inaddition,theyengageinmarketresearch,analyzecustomers’needs,andcreatenewfinancialservicesatappropriatetimes.Thesetailor-madeservicesmeetthedifferentneedsofdifferentcustomers.Saturday,February01,2020第14张学术论文中应避免的表达方式…So….Becauseofthis,…/.Therefore,…/.Accordingly,…/.Asaresult,…/,thereby+v.-ing)…/,whereupon……But….However,…alotofaconsiderablenumberof/alargenumberofmoreandmorestudiesagrowingnumberofstudies/Increasingly,studiesshowsomeanumberofdon‘t/isn’t/hasn’tdonot/isnot/hasnotSaturday,February01,2020第15张论文焦点的有用的表述This[paper][isdesignedto][thesis][defines][work][emphasizes][article][stresses][book][dealswith][focuseson][examines][willexplore]Saturday,February01,2020第16张•The[basic][emphasis]ofthis[work]•[primary][intent][paper]•[principal][purpose][thesis]•[central][focus][essay]•[main][thrust][research]•[ultimate][aim][report]•[chief][goal]•[objective]Saturday,February01,2020第17张•Inthis[paper],[I][intendto]•[thewriter][hopesto]•[we][willaddress]•[willcontributeto]Saturday,February01,2020第18张草稿Ingeneral,inwritingyourformalcompositions,youwillwanttowritethreedrafts:onday1,youwillwriteyourfirstdraftratherquickly,thenputitaside;onday2,youre-organizethematerial,checkforleveloflanguage(avoids),useLongman’sDictionaryforvocabularyandgrammarusage—inshort,youperformallnecessaryoperationstoproduceagoodcomposition:itisonday2thattherealworkofcompositionoccurs.Onday3,youre-readthecompositionforminorchanges.Saturday,February01,2020第19张Summary&Abstract[Bibliographicalapparatus:]Author’sFamilyname,Firstname.Date.“Titleofarticle,”inTitleofJournal,vol.no.(month/season),123-1