新概念第三册知识点汇总新概念Lesson1-61.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。点评:此处thatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon是report的同位语从句。takesth.seriously认真对待…2.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.无论它走到哪里,一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物。点评:atrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits本是left的宾语,现后置于behindit之后,显得句子结构更紧凑。3.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流串,真令人担心。点评:此句是主语从句,it是形式主语,实际主语是that从句。atlarge为自由的,未受管制的意思。4.Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.教堂的钟很大,以前不分昼夜地打点报时,但在很多年前遭到毁坏,从此便无声无息了。点评:此句整体是个并列句,其中使用了定语从句对主语加以修饰。5.Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。点评:此处Armedwithatorch,过去分词作状语,分词作状语时,逻辑主语应与句子主语一致。如:Seeingfromthehill,youcanseethewholecity.Heatedto100℃,waterwillboil.6.Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,ourlocalgrocer.借着电筒光,他看见一个人,马上认出那是本地杂货店店主比尔威尔金斯。点评:caughtsightof看见,发现,whom引导的定语从句,其中recognized…as…认出…为…7.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.这座古城肯定一度很繁荣,因为它曾享有高度的文明。点评:musthavebeen是表示肯定的推测,ahighlevelof是高度的…如:ahighlevelofpressure高负荷压力8.Theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.他们惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。点评:beamazedtodo很惊奇地做某事,如:Wewereamazedtohearthenews.我们听到这消息都感到惊奇。turnedouttobe结果是,原来是…tobe可以省略。9.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas‘white-collarworkers’forthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.坐办公室的人之所以常常被称作“白领工人”,就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫、系着领带去上班。点评:referto…as…称…为….forthesimplereason因为这样一个很简单的原因thattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork是reason的同位语从句10.Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.许多人常常愿意放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣,此乃人之常情。点评:Such位于句首,起强调作用,其后需倒装ishumannature,that引导的从句是such的同位语从句。sacrifice…for….意为放弃…以换取…11.Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.艾尔弗结婚时,感到非常难为情,而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。点评:too…to…意为太…以至于不能…12.Editorsofnewspaperandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderswithunimportantfactsandstatistics.报纸杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供一些无关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。点评:gotoextremes走向极端providesb.withsth向…提供….providesthforsboffersbsth13.Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.编辑立即向那位记者发去传真,要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。点评:此句中用了分词做状语,说明了发的传真的具体内容。instructsbtodo指导某人做某事,要求某人做某事14.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了,而且还被送进了监狱。点评:此句使用了倒装结构,.Notonly置于句首。我们可以尽量尝试类似句型,以满足句型的丰富性。15.Thesilencewassuddenlybrokenwhenalargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.宁静突然被打破,一辆大轿车亮着前灯,响着喇叭,呼啸着冲进了拱廊街。点评:with引导的独立主格结构,在句中表示伴随的状况新概念Lesson7---151.Dismay:Imaginetheirdismaywhentheyfoundabeautifully-cookwalletandnotesturnedtoash!可以想象他们发现一只煮的很好看的钱包、钞票已化成灰时的沮丧心情。(dismay有及物动词和名词的用法,这边是名词)及物动词vt.使诧异;使惊愕;使失望Thethoughtthatshemightfailthehistorytestdismayedher.想到历史可能考不及格时,她很沮丧。名词n.诧异;惊愕;灰心;丧气Iamfilledwithdismayatthenews.我对这个消息极为震惊。“Someonestolemyhouse!”shesaidindismay.“有人偷了我们家!”她惊恐地说。2.Concern:ArecentcaseconcernsJaneButlinwhosefiance,John,runsasuccessfulfurniturebusinesses.最近的一个案例与简·巴特林有关,她的未婚夫约翰拥有一家生意兴荣的家具店。(concern的词性有名词和动词,比较正式的用词)及物动词vt.1.有关于,关系到Theseproblemsconcernallofus.这些问题与我们所有的人都有关系。Itdoesn'tconcernmeatall.此事与我毫不相干。2.使担忧,使烦恼Ourlossesarebeginningtoconcernme.我们的损失使我担心起来。3.[常用于被动语态]使关心;从事,参与,使卷入,使陷入,牵涉到(常与with或in连用)Morethantwostudentshavebeenconcernedinthisaffair.这件事情牵涉到两个以上的学生。3.Solongas:Solongasthere'ssomethingtoidentify,wewillgivepeopletheirmoneyback,'“只要有东西可以识别,我们就会把钱还给人家,”只要Youwilldoallrightsolongasyoufollowmyadvice.只要你听我的建议,你一定会做好的。4.Nowthat:Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,由于在山里开挖了隧道,翻越山口已经不那么危险了。(翻译为由于的时候通常用完成时)既然,由于Nowthatyouaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.既然你长大了,就不应该依靠你的父母。5.Attempt:Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot.尽管修通了隧道,但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越山口。及物动词vt.试图;尝试Heattemptedtogetintouchwiththembutwithoutsuccess.他试图和他们联系,但未成功。名词n.尝试,试图,企图Afterrepeatedattemptstheyfinallysucceeded.经过反复尝试,他们终于成功了。【词义辨析】attempt,try,endeavour,strive这些动词均含有“试图,努力,力图”之意。attempt:较正式用词,侧重已经开始,且希望完成,但常隐含着不一定有预期的结果。try:普通用词,可与attempt换用,但强调努力或尝试,后跟不定式表示努力或争取;后跟动名词表示尝试。endeavour:正式用词,指尽最大努力、认真地克服困难去做某事。strive:和endeavour一样,表示付出巨大努力,但strive侧重劳累与紧张,而不强调努力的结果。6.Wander:Thedogshavegreeterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirclosure.狗也比较自由,被放出围栏,四处溜达。及物动词vt.&不及物动词vi.漫游,徘徊Theboywanderedtheneighbourhood,lookingforhisdog.那男孩在附近徘徊,寻找自己的狗。不及物动词vi.迷失Thetravelerswanderedintheway.旅行者们在途中迷了路。【词义辨析】roam,stroll,wander,ramble这些动词均有“徘徊、漫游”之意。roam:常指在广阔地方以自得其乐的愉快心情作无固定目标的漫游。stroll:常指无明确目的他悠闲而缓慢地漫游。wander:指无目的地到处徘徊或闲荡。ramble:一般指走走停停,心情愉快,步履轻松。7.Failto:Catsneverfailtofascinatehumanbeings.猫总能引起人们的极大兴趣。(neverfailto双重否定表肯定)不能Youwillneverfailtobemovedbythe