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初中英语动词时态讲解FunWithEnglish!九年级动词的构成1.be动词2.助动词3.情态动词4.系动词5.实义动词be动词•be动词的几种形式1)amisare2)waswere3)being4)Beenbe动词的用法1.与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用1)Iamadoctor.2)Heisten.3)Theyaretired.4)Thecatisunderthetable.be动词的用法2.Therebe句型1)用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前Thereisapenonthedesk.Thereissomewaterintheglass.2)用于复数名词之前Therearesomesheepinthehill.3)用于一般将来时ThereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolnextSunday.4)用于一般过去时Therewasabookonthedeskyesterday.注意：请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。be动词的用法3.Be动词在时态中的运用1)在现在进行时中Wearetalking.2)在过去进行时中Weweretalkingatthistimeyesterday.助动词•助动词的几种形式1)do/don’t2)Does/doesn’t3)Did/didn’t4)will/won’t5)havehaven’t/hashasn’t/hadhadn’t助动词的用法1.对句子进行否定和疑问1)Doyougetupearlyeveryday?2)Ididn’thavelunchyesterday.3)Willyoubebacksoon?4)Hehasn’tfinishedtheworkyet.2.在反意疑问句中1)Heworksinaschool,doesn’the?2)Shehasneverbeenthere,hasshe?3.在倒装句中1)Theyhelpedthefarmers,sodidwe.2)Iwon’tvisitthefamoussinger,neitherwillhe.情态动词1.共同特点1)情态动词后面跟动词原型2)无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句都用情态动词3)只有时态变化，没有人称变化情态动词2.解释1)can/could在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换，could比can语气更委婉。CanIhelpyou?Couldyouopenthewindow?在表示有能力作某事时，could是can的过去式。Icanswim.Icouldswimattheageoffive.情态动词2.解释2)Must/havetoMust表示主观意愿，否定句用Mustn’t，否定回答用needn’tImustgonow.Youmustn’tplayinthestreet.MustIcleantheroomnow?No,youneedn’t.haveto表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”，它有时态和人称变化，需要助动词来否定和疑问。Idon’thavetocarrythebigbox.Hehadtowashhisclothes.情态动词2.解释3)May表示请求别人允许。MayIuseyourbike?表示可能性。Hemaybeateacher.Hemayliveinthisbuilding.系动词1.我们所学过的系动词是1)Get，turn，become，be动词2)感观动词look，sound，smell，taste，feel2.系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构1)Ifeelhungry.2)Thedaygetslongerandlonger.3)Helookedhappy.实义动词1.实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。2.实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。3.做谓语动词的用法动词会有四种形式：单三，现在分词，过去式，过去分词实义动词注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律1)Heworksintheoffice.2)Wearedancingtogether.3)Icaughtacoldlastweek.4)Shehaswateredtheflower.实义动词4.做非谓语动词的用法（指出现在谓语动词之后的动词，它受前面谓语动词的限制）动词会有三种形式：1)原型(do)2)动名词(doing)3)不定式(todo)实义动词1)用原型：a)letsb.dob)makesb.doc)helpsb.(to)dod)hadbetterdo实义动词2)用动名词：a)likedoingb)enjoydoingc)finishdoingd)介词之后用动名词begoodatdoingwhataboutdoingthankyoufordoing实义动词3)用不定式：a)wanttodob)decidetodoc)plantodod)wouldliketodoe)learntodof)tellsb.(not)todog)asksb.(not)todo实义动词•注意下列词不同形式的不同用法:rememberdoing/todoforgetdoing/todostopdoing/todogoondoing/todo时态•一般现在时•一般将来时•一般过去时•现在进行时•现在完成时•过去进行时•过去将来时•过去完成时动词的时态结构歌谣一般现在时，动词用原型；一般时单数三人称，动词加“s”。一般过去时，动词加“ed”。Iwork.Heworks.Iworked.现在进行时,进行时例句：Iamworking.过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ing。例句：Iwasworking.将来时一般将来时，would加原型。过去将来时，will加原型。Iwillwork.Iwouldwork.完成时现在完成时，have/has加过分。Ihaveworked.过去完成时，had加过分。Ihadworked.各种时态的用法一、一般现在时1.用法：A.现在经常性的动作或状态B.客观事实和真理。2.标志词:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday/week/month/year/…1.Theboyusually___(get)toschoolearly.gets2.Light______(travel)fasterthansound.travels二、一般过去时1.用法：过去的动作或状态。2.标志词：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,threedaysago,lastnight/week/month…,inthepast；justnow=amomentago点击中考LiMingdidn’tunderstandwhatAmericanpeoplesaid,_____?(2004北京市中考)A.couldn’theB.couldheC.didn’theD.didhe三、现在进行时1.用法：A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。2.标志词：now,Look!Listen!中考模拟：--Mike,who____footballintheyard?--Letmegoandsee.（2004顺义）A.hasplayedB.willplayC.wasplayingD.isplaying1.Look!What___thechildren___overthere?2.Thoseworkers____herethesemonths.A.areworkB.areworkedC.workD.areworkingA.are;doB.are;doingC.is;doD.isdoing3.--How__you___alongwithyourworkmates?--Verywell.A.do;getB.will;getC.can;getD.are;getting4.--MustIwatertheflowersnow?--No,youneedn’t.Jack_____them.A.iswateringB.wateringC.watersD.iswatered注意A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。1.--Lucy!Wouldyouliketogivemeahand?--OK.I____.A.willcomeB.comeC.amcomingD.wouldcome2.--When____you____forToronto?--Tomorrow.A.do;leaveB.are;leavingC.will;leavingD.shall;leave•Theboy____always____us!(夸赞)A.is;helpingB.does;helpC.can;helpD./;helpB.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩。•You____always_____thesamemistake!(责备)A.do;makeB.does;makeC.is;makingD.are;making四、过去进行时1.用法：过去某时正在进行的动作。2.标志词：atthattime,thistimeyesterday,then,when…1.Father______whenI_____yesterdaymorning.A.stillslept,gotupB.wasstillsleeping,gotupC.issleeping,gotupD.sleeps,getup2.She___applesinhergardenwhenI____toseeheryesterday.A.picked，wentB.waspicking，wentC.picked，wasgoingD.waspicking，wasgoing五、一般将来时1.用法：将来的动作或状态。2.结构：willshallbegoingto3.标志词：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,inthreedays,in(the)future,nextweek/month/term…,fromnowon+V.(原型)（第一人称）4.shall/will/begoingto之间的区别：1计划决定要做某事，一般用begoingtodo结构。shall往往用于第一人称疑问句,will可用于任何人称。2will常用于表邀请或命令时以及带有意愿色彩。31.There___twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave2.Thetwins____tothecinemawiththeirparentstonight.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.aregoD.went3.---When____wehavethemeeting?---At8.A.areB.shallC.wouldD.will4.--When___you___forLondon?--Nextweek.A.will;leavingB.are;leavingC.shall;leaveD.have;left六、过去将来时1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。2.结构：wouldwas/were/goingto+v.(原型)1.--Whatdidhesayyesterday?--Hesaidhe____toSydneynextweek.A.goesB.willgoC.wouldgoD.aregoing2.--DidyoursonfailhisEnglishexamonceagain?--Yes,buthetoldmehe____hardnextterm.A.studiesB.isstudyingC.willstudyD.wouldstudy试题：1.用法：12七、现在完成时现在完成时过去现在影响：作业都做完了，我能出去玩