Mark-Twain马克吐温英文介绍

MarkTwain(1835-1910)MarkTwain•1)Hislifeexperience•2)Hisfamousworks•3)Hiswritingstyles•4)HisliteraryinfluenceQuestion•1)What'sthestyleoftheessay?humorous?satirical?serious?orwhat?•2)Whydidhebecomemoreandmorebitterinhislateryears?satirical[sə'tɪrɪk(ə)l]adj.讽刺性的；讥讽的satirize['sætɪraɪz]vt.讽刺；挖苦satire['sætaɪə]n.讽刺；讽刺文学，讽刺作品•HisrealnamewasSamuelLanghorneClemens.•anAmericanauthorandhumorist•ajournalist（新闻工作者）whosatirizedthehypocrisyofmanandsocietyBorninFlorida,Missouri,onNovember30,1835.Whenhewasfour,Twain'sfamilymovedtoHannibal.In1847thedeathofhisfatherbroughtanendtohiscarefreedays,andhehadtogotoworkattheageof12asaprinter’sapprentice（学徒）.In1851,hebeganworkingasatypesetterandcontributor（投稿者）ofarticlesandhumoroussketches（素描）foranewspaperownedbyhisbrother.•From1857to1861,TwainworkedasariverboatpilotontheMississippiRiver.Thisoccupationgavehimhispenname,MarkTwain.•OnMississippiriverboats,twofathoms,adepthindicatingsafewaterforpassageofboat,wasmeasuredonthesoundingline.•“Marktwain”wasacallusedbysailors.Picturesfrom•In1863,heworkedataVirginiaCitynewspaper.Herehefirstusedhispenname.•In1864,TwainmovedtoSanFrancisco,stillasajournalist.•Hisfirstsuccessasawritercamewhenhishumoroustalltale,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty,waspublishedin1865.Itbroughthimnationalattention.OnFebruary2,1870,TwainmarriedOliviaLangdon,theonlydaughterofawealthyNewYorkbusinessman..Picturesfrom(1874–1891)andovertwentysummersatQuarryFarm,Twainwrotemanyofhisclassicnovels：•ThePrinceandthePauper(1881)《王子与贫儿》•LifeontheMississippi(1883)《密西西比河上的生活》•AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourt(1889)《误闯亚瑟王宫》Twain’sgreatestfameandhisimportanceinAmericanliteraturerestlargelyonhistwobestknownnovels,TheAdventuresofTomSawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn《哈克费恩历险记》By1900TwainhadbecomeAmerica’sforemostcelebrity.Hewasinvitedtoattendanniversarygatherings,politicalconventions,andcountlessdinners.Reportersmethimateveryportofcall,anxioustoprintanewquipfromthefamoushumorist.Picturesfrom•thefailureofhisinvestments,•hisfatiguingtravelsandlecturesinordertopayoffhisdebts,•thedeathofhiswifeandtwodaughters•thedarkeningsociallife•Somecriticslinkthesetragiceventswiththechangeofstyleinhislaterworks,fromanoptimistandhumoristtoanalmostdespairingdeterminist.•MarkTwaindiedofillnessonApril21,1910.Whenhepassedaway,newspapersaroundthecountrydeclared,“Thewholeworldismourning.”TrilogyofMississippi(密西西比河三部曲)LifeontheMississippi《密西西比河上》TheAdventuresofTomSawyer（汤姆索亚历险记)TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》Otherworks•RunningforGovernor《竞选州长》•The£1,000,000Bank-Note《百万英镑》•TheGildedAge《镀金时代》•TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(hisfirststory)《卡拉维拉斯县驰名的跳蛙》•Theinnocentabroad《傻子出国记》•TheManThatCorruptedHadleyburg•《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》•RoughingIt•《苦行记》•TheAdventuresofTomSawyer•《汤姆·索亚历险记》•TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn•《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》马克·吐温四大名著WritingCharacteristicsofMarkTwain•Earlystage:Active&humor•Mid-term:Satire（讽刺）•Laterperiod-Pessimistic&desperate•Heusedalotofcolloquialidioms（俚语）andcolloquialsyntax（口语）andmadehiswritingfullofallegories（寓言）thatlaybehindthehumor.likeasharpweaponHiscontribution&influence•Hemadecolloquialspeechanaccepted,respectableliterarymediumintheliteraryhistoryofthecountry.Itsinfluenceisclearlyvisiblein12th-centuryAmericanliterature.•MarkTwainwasasocialcriticaswell.Helovedfreedomandjustice,feltaprideinhumandignityandadvocatedbrotherhoodofman.Hehatedmeannessandcruelty.Hiswritingstouchuponalmosteveryissueofhistimesuchaspolitics,religion,slavery,andthepersecutionoftheChineseandtheJews.Question•1)What'sthestyleoftheessay?humorous?satirical?serious?orwhat?•Satire•2)Whydidhebecomemoreandmorebitterinhislateryears?•Somecriticslinkthesetragiceventswiththechangeofstyleinhislaterworks,fromanoptimistandhumoristtoanalmostdespairingdeterminist.