一、一般现在时(一)定义表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或存在的状态,还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。例:Igetupat6:30inthemorning.Sheisathome.(二)构成主要用动词原形表示,当主语是第三人称单数时,在动词词尾加s/es。(三)句型1、肯定句:主语+谓语+其他。ShereadsEnglisheveryday.2、否定句:主语+don’t/doesn’t+谓语+其他。Hedoesn’tgetupat6:30inthemorning.3、一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+V原+其他?DoyoulikeEnglish?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.4、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V原+其他?Whattimedoyougetupeverymorning?(四)用法1、表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或存在的状态,带与表示频率的时间状语如:often,sometimes,usually,always,everydayyear,month...),once/twiceaweek(month,year,etc.),seldom,onSunday等连用。Ileavehomeforschoolatseveneverymorning.2、表示客观真理,科学事实、格言警句。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Tenminustwoiseight.十减二等于八。3、根据英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。Ifyoucomethisafternoon,we’llhaveameeting.如果你今天下午回来,我们将开会。4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了描述现阶段的动作或状态,其重点不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态。例如:Hecanspeakfiveforeignlanguages.他能说五种外语。Thatisabeautifulcity.那是座美丽的城市。(五)动词第三人称单数形式变化规则1、一般情况下,动词后直接加-s;如:help-helps,clean-cleans,give-gives等。2、以s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾加-es;如:dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变为i,再加-es;如:study--studies,fly-flies,carry--carries等。4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时,have改为has,如:Hehasaninterestingbook.5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改为am,遇有主语是第二人称时,be改为are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改为is.Exercises:1)用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Ilike____________(swim).2.He_________(read)Englisheveryday.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.4.Doeshe_________(like)_________(jump)?5.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday?6.Why__________Tomabsenttoday?(be)7._________youstudyEnglishatschool?Yes,I___________.(do)8.__________yoursisterstudyEnglishatschool?No,she__________.(do)2)单项选择题1.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'train2.There_____anEnglishfilmnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.wasgoingtobe3.Thepicture_______nice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking4.She______downandsoonfellasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.lay5.They_____theofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.wentD.getto6.WeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyou_____backnextweek.A.willcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.come7.Don'tsmokeuntiltheplane______off.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istake8.Isawher____theroomthismorning.A.toenterB.enteredC.enterD.enters9.theteacheraskedus______toschoolontime.A.tocomeB.comingC.comeD.comes10.Jimdecided_______PollytoLingFengwhenhewasbacktoEngland.A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.Leave二、一般过去时:(一)定义过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。例:IwasbornonApril2,1986.(二)结构1、肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他。IwasinBeijingyesterday.Iwenttothebeachyesterday.2、否定句:主语+wasn’t或weren’t+其他。主语+didn’t+V原+其他。Iwasn’tinBeijingyesterday.Ididn’tgotothebeachyesterday.3、一般疑问句:was/were+主语+V原+其他?Did+主语+V原+其他?WereyouinBeijingyesterday?Didyougotothebeachyesterday?4、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他?特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他?Wherewereyouyesterday?Wheredidyougoyesterday?(三)用法1、表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间里所发生的动作或情况,常与明确的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,lastweek(month,year...)…ago,theotherday,justnow,attheageof…,in1980等连用。如:Attheageoften,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.2、表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplaythefootballinthestreet.3、在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时。Hesaidhewouldn’tgoifitrained.(四)动词过去式的规则变化1)一般情况下,在动词原形末尾加-ed如look-looked2)结尾是字母e的动词加-d,如practice-practiced;3)结尾是―辅音字母+y‖的动词,变―y‖为―i‖再加ed,如studystudied;4)重读闭音节结尾,双写动词尾的辅音字母,再加ed,如stopstopped.Exercises:1)用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.三、一般将来时(一)概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。TherewillbeanEnglishpartynextSaturday.Wewillcometoseeyoutomorrow.(二)结构1、由will+动词原形构成,其will适用于各种人称,与主语连在一起时,常常缩写为’ll。变否定句时,只需在will后加not,可缩写为won’t。在疑问句中,will需提前,构成will+主语+动词原形的结构。2、shall+动词原形(常用于主语为第一人称)Ishall/willnotbefreetomorrow.我明天没空。3、begoingto+动词原形(打算、准备做某事)HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假。(三)用法1、表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year....),thisevening(weekend…),inthefuture,inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow,by...,soon等连用、IwillpayavisittoShanghainextweek.Ihopeyouwon’tbelatenexttime.2、当主句为一般现在时,在以after,when,while,assoonas,if,unless等引导的时间或条件句中,要用一般现在时表将来。I’lldoitbetteriftheteachergivesmeanotherchance.Exercises1There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe2.-_____you______freetomorrow?-No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe3.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give4.-ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?-________.(不,不要。)A.No,youwon't.B.No,youaren't.C.No,pleasedon't.D.No,please.四、过去将来时(一)定义表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。但这个将来时间绝不会延伸到―现在‖;而仅限于―过去时间区域内‖。由此可以看出,含这个时态的句子常带一个表示―过去某个时间点‖的状语。这个状语或是一个短语,或是一个句子。(二)构成过去将来时由would,was/weregoingto,was/weretowas/wereaboutto等加动词原形构成。(三)用法:A)宾语从句或间接引语中;WhenIthoughtaboutit,Iwonderedwhattheirreactionwouldbe.当我考虑这件事时,我想知道他们的反应是什么。ShetoldmethatshewouldgoontriptoEuropethenextday.她告诉我,她第二天要去欧洲旅行。B)表示过去习惯性的动作;Duringthatperiod,hewoulddomorning-exerciseseveryday.在那段时间,他每天早锻炼。Wheneverhehadtime,hewouldh