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*******************************PART1逻辑连接词**********************###1.1让步###1.Although（更书面）=though(更口语)=evenif(即使，更偏假设性)=eventhough（虽然，更偏事实性）+句子注：不能与but连用。Devotedthoughwearetoprosperityandfreedom,wecannotshakeoffthejudgmentalstrandofjustice.用倒装2.Nomatterhow/what/who等=疑问句+everNomatterwho/Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.注意：疑问句+ever可以引导名词性从句Whoever（≠nomatterwho）comeswillbewelcome.3.…,aslongas…Youcandowhatyouwant,aslongasyoulike.4.名词/表语/动词+as（though）倒装，。。。，表“纵使”Objectas/thoughyoumay,I’llgo。Smallasatomsare,theyaremadeupofstillsmallerunits。LoveroftownsasIam,IrealizethatIoweadebttomyearlycountrylife.5.Whether…or…正反两方面，。。。表“不论。。。与否”Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.6.Be原型+主语+表语（n,adj）=whether+主语+be动词+表语（n,adj）。不论。一文学性强的虚拟语气，表让步。Beithistoricaltradition,faithandculture,orsocialsystem,valuesandlevelofdevelopment,thosecountriesorregionsareoftendifferentfromoneanother.7.Despite+n/ving=inspiteof尽管.（不能加句子）Despitethefactthat+句子（太累赘）Despitemyself,…情不自禁地…Herwordsweresosatirical（讽刺的）thatIlostmytemperinspiteofmyself。8.Notwithstanding+sth尽管Butnotwithstandingitsancientlineage,itisopentothefollowingchallenge.9.Albeit虽然即使Youaretobegivenonemethodofcommunicationwithyourrival,albeitindirectcommunication.###1.2原因###SinceAsBecauseFor+句子Asaresultofsth.=Asaconsequenceofsth由于sth,sth是原因。BecauseofOwingtosth介词Thanksto...后面原因一般是积极性的ByvirtueofsthOnaccountofBeduetoOwetosth动词Accountfor=resultin表示导致Systematiceconomicforcesaccountforthedisastrousloses.Attribute…to…把。。。归因于。。。Heattributedtheoppositiontoadeep-seatedattitudeinmilitary.Sthwouldexplainwhy…Forthisreason，...Foronereasonoranother,由于某种原因（不具体指明）Histravelarticlesarealways,foronereasonoranother,fascinating.Foronething,在众多原因中指出其中一个Alotofpeopledon’ttakethetimetoreadcontracts.Foronething,they’reofteninverytinyprint.Onthis/thataccount，由于这个、那个原因Shewasdivorced,andonthataccountalonemymotherdislikedher.Thereasonwhy+结果/that+原因Greedisthereasonwhytheydonotdeservethemoney.###1.3结果###Accordingly=Consequently原因+Resultin+结果Thisoutcomewillresultinchildrenstartingbullyingyoungerones.ThusHenceSoThereforeExcessivegreedisthereforeavicethatagoodsocietyshoulddiscourageifitcan.AssuchAsaresult最终，因此，结果Asaconsequence/Inconsequence,...###1.4目的###SoSothatShouldlawbeneutraltowardscompetingconceptionsofvirtue,sothatpeoplecanbefreetochooseforthemselvesthebestwaytolive?InorderthatRegularchecksarerequiredinorderthatsafetystandardsaremaintained.Todosth,…Toanswerit,wehavetoexplorethemeaningofjustice.InordertodosthInordertodeterminewhodeserveswhat,wehavetodeterminewhatvirtuesareworthyofhonorandreward.Forthesakeofsth=Forsth’ssake为了sth的目的Ihopeyou’renotdoingthisjustforthesakeofthemoney.Forclarity’ssake,I’dliketorewordmystatement.###1.5转折###However,Yet轻微转折Andyetweworrywhenjudgmentsaboutvirtuefindstheirwayintolaws.WhereasConverselyNeverthelessOtherwise,否则OnthecontraryInstead,表示对上述方式的完全反转Instead,ajustsocietyrespectseachpeople’sfreedomtochoosehisorherownconceptionofthegoodlife.ContrarilyInverselyContrariwiseOppositely,InsteadofsthAsopposedto表示与前述对象的反转对比Thecostoftheseplanesis£3million,asopposedtothe£2millionchargedbytheircompetitors.While引导从句，表明前后情况不同，做个对比Ratherthan.并不是、而不、并没有,前后对等Behonestratherthanclever.诚实胜于机巧。Thispolicymightleadthemtostayinharm’swayratherthanfleetosafety.Ratherthanpressformaximumadvantages,peoplelookoutforoneanother.###1.6对比###While既可以对比相反的东西，也可以对比稍有不同的Ancienttheoriesstartwithvirtuewhilemoderntheoriesstartwithfreedom.Ontheotherhand,By/Incomparison/contrast对比之下Theirliveswereexcitingandglamorous;oursseemeddullbycomparison.Thevirtueargument,bycontrast,restsonthejudgmentthatgreedisavicethatstateshoulddiscourage.Alternatively,提供另一种思路或方法建议In/Bycomparisonwithsth介词Thisessaywillbrieflyreviewtheconsandprosofimprisonmentincomparisonwithjobtraining.Bycomparisonwiththelivelyteenagers,theadultswereajoylesslot.Comparedwith/to###1.7类比###Justas/likeSimilarly,Likewise,Identically,Equivalently,As…asTheyhavesacrificedassurely,andashonorably,asthosewhohavelostalimb.ThesameasTouristsfindthisparkjustthesameastheonetheyvisitedpreviously.Inthesameway/manner###1.8递进###FurtherFurthermoreBesides,MoreoverInadditiontosth,Inadditiontooutliningthecausesofthisproblem,thisessaywillalsoproposesolutions.Inaddition,What’smoreApartfromB…其有两个意思，既可以：除了B（包括B），也表示：除了B（不包括B）Additionally,###1.9举例###Thelikesof就像SuchasLikeTheirpurchasesofnecessitieslikesafelodgingareforced.Including,包括e.g.直接加sth,中间没有逗号…isacaseinpoint.正在点儿上，指例子可以很好地阐述这个观点Hereisacasewhere…指出例子Hereisacasewheretheeconomyasawholeseemedtooutweighconsiderationsoffairness.Take...asanexample以。。。为例Insomeinstances.在某些情况中Forinstances,Forexample,###1.10假设###IfIfitspriceishigher,manufacturerswillfinditworththeirwhiletoproducemoregoods.Given/provided/providing+名词/that从句，考虑到、假如Youcangoouttoplayprovidedthatyoufinishyourhomeworkfirst.It’saloteasiertogetgoodmarksonashort-answerquestion,providingyoudoitwell.Onlyif,唯有，唯一的条件是Therebelssaytheyarereadytostopfighting,butonlyiftheprisonersarereleased.Onconditionthat，以。。。为前提，只有###1.11解释，转述###Inotherwords,Prosperitymatters,