被动语态

.thePassiveVoice（被动语态）文综之家一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语宾变主,主变宾,前加by英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词madebytheminthatfactory.1.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.2.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.Be要随着主语变逻辑主语by来引被动语态的大体构成：Be+PP（过去分词）主动语态变被动之歌：被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。Be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词Exercise:Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.Exercise:WecallthesnowmanMr.Strong.ThesnowmaniscalledMr.Strong.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时被动结构：was/were+过去分词Exercise:Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.3.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时被动结构：am/is/are+being+PPExercise:Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.Exercise:Theyareplayingvolleyballnow.Volleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now4.Shewasinterviewingthefamousmanatthistimeyesterday.Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher过去进行时被动结构：was/were+being+PPExercise:Hewasplayingbasketballat8:00lastnight.Basketballwasbeingplayedat8:00yesterday.5.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时被动结构：will+be+过去分词Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.begoingto+be+ppExercise:Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.Herhomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.6.Hesaidtheworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.过去将来时被动构成：would+be+ppTheywouldhaveapartythenextday.Apartywouldbehad(bythem)thenextday.7.AbycantakegoodcareofTina．TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.情态动词变被动：情态动词+be+过去分词Exercise:Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.Thebasketmaybeeasilycarriedbyhim.Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.8.Wehavemadetwentykeys．Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时被动结构：have/has+been+过去分词Exercise:Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.9.Wehadseenthisfilmbeforeyoucamehere.Thisfilmhadbeenseenbyusbeforeyoucamehere.过去完成时被动结构：had+been+PPExercise:Thedoctorknewthathehadknownhisproblem.—Thedoctorknewthathisproblemhadbeenknownbyhim.各种时态的被动情况：一般现在时：一般过去时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时：一般将来时：过去将来时：情态动词变被动：am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneshall/willbedonebegoingtobedonewould/should+be+done情态动词+be+done二、被动语态的结构与时态时态助动词be过去分词1、一般现在时am/is/areplayed2、一般过去时was/wereplayed3、现在进行时am/is/arebeingplayed4、过去进行时was/werebeingplayed5、现在完成时have/hasbeenplayed6、过去完成时had/beenplayed7、一般将来时will/shallbeam/is/aregoingtobeplayed8、过去将来时would/shouldbewas/weregoingtobeplayed9、情态动词情态动词+beplayed1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone动词过去分词的变化:Exercises:一.选择填空:1.Windowsofglass.A.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehousein2004.A.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.usedCCA4.Watches____Shanghai.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made5.Thisdeskismade_____wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.by6.Silk_____inHangzhouandSuzhouA.isproducedB.areproducedC.producedD.isproducesAAA1.Ourschool_____＿＿＿＿in2002.(开办)2.Theyoungtreesmust__________________well.(照顾)3._____thisbuilding_________(建成)lastyear?4.Thebook____________(写)byhimlastyear.5.Thebridge______________(不建造)in1989..6.The29thOlympicGameswill__________(举行)inBeijingin2008.wasopenedbelookedafterWasbuiltwaswrittenwasn’tbuiltbeheld1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）七嘴八舌3.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.4.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken5.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.6.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythemAnswerrightorwrong1.必须照看好孩子们。•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()2.这本书是鲁迅写的。•ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()•ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()WRWR3.这辆自行车能修吗？•Canthisbikemended?()•Canthisbikebemended?()4.街道已由他们清理了。•Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()•Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.()WRWR[1].NowEnglish____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken[2].Thelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor[3].Threebridges____sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.have