定语从句2

语法知识定语从句TheAttributiveClause温故而知新Goovertheoldtoknowthenew.词类与成分词类名代数形动副介连感冠成分主谓宾定状补表同实词虚词词类名代数myMary’sthree形usefulbooksexercise定语:修饰名词和代词。books词类动writtenbyTom副here介非短onthedesk定语从句onthedeskwhichare定语(后置)定语从句(形容词性从句):在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。先行词：定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系代词：who，whom，which,that,whose关系副词：when,where,whyAplaneisamachine[thatcanfly].先行词关系代词1)连接主从句2)指代先行词3)作从句一个成分定从名/代人/物指人指物主语宾语定语thatwhichwhowhomWhose（一）关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略√√××√××××先行词指人时，关系代词只用who,不用that的情况.1.当先行词是he，anyone，those,one,ones时2.在therebe结构中3.在分隔式定语从句中1.当先行词为he,anyone，those,one,ones时Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.AnyonewhowantstoseethefilmPleaseletmeknow.Thosewhoarefor/againsttheplanraiseyourhand.Onewhohasnothingtofeardoesnottellthetruth.2.在therebe结构中，只用who不用that.Therearemanyyoungpeoplewhoareagainsttheplan.Thereisanoldmanoutsidewhowantstoseeyou.3.在分隔式定语从句中IwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvitedtothepartyImetaforeignerinthestreetyesterday____couldaskmequestionsinChinese.who当先行词为物时，关系代词只用that,不用which的情况不定有哪个谁追两婿Shedidallthatshecoulddotohelphim.Isthereanythingelsethatyouneed?先行词是all,much,little,few,none,everything,nothing,anything,something等不定代词，引导定语从句用thatI’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.thatThisislittletimewecanuse.that先行词被no,every,all,any,some,much,few,little,等不定代词修饰时,引导定语从句用that。ThisistheverybookthatIwant.ThelastplacethatIvisitedwastheGreatwall.Thisistheonlybookthatisleft.先行词被thevery,thelast，theonly修饰时，引导定语从句用that。Thereisabookthatisonthedesk.在therebe句型中，只能用thatWhichofthebooksthatareonthedeskinteresthim?在当主句是由which引导的疑问句时，只能用thatWhoisthatman_____isstandingthere?that当主句为who引导的疑问句中，先行词为人时，用that而不用whoThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.先行词被形容词最高级时，引导定语从句用that。Hetalkedhappilyofthemenandthebooksthatinterestedhim.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.ThisisthefirstbookthatIhavereadthismorning.先行词被序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。1.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?that2.Thetalkedofthethingsandpersons_____theyrememberedintheschool.that3.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.that4.All______canbedonehasbedone.that5.Thisistheverybook______belongstohim.that6.Whichisthebook______youboughtlastweek?that7.Whoisthegirl_____youaretalkingto?that8.Anyone____waslatethismorningshouldberesponsibleforthisaccident.who9.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose____weretrappedinruins.who10.He____doesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.whowhose指人或物,作定语.whosen.=then.ofwhich=ofwhichthen.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue..Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue（二）关系副词的用法：when,where,why1、when,在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表时间的n.。eg:I’llneverforgettheday__________________Ijoinedthearmy.2、where,在从句中作地点状语，先行词是表地点的n.。eg:Tianjinistheplace__________________Iwasborn.3、why,在从句中作原因状语，先行词是reason.eg:Doyouknowthereason________________hewaslate?=介词+whichwhen/onwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhich介词+关系代词的情况Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinThemanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinThemanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinThemanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinThemanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin××可见,who、that不能用与介词之后怎样选用介词？1.Thisistheroom____IlivedLastyear.in2.Whoistheman_____youshookhands?whichwhomwith3.Ilostthepen_____IwrotetheLettertoyou.withwhich4.She’llneverforgettheday____whichshejoinedtheParty.on5.Shewastheheroine____whomweareproud.of6.Who’sthatman____whomourteacherspokejustnow?7.Thereason_____whichhecould’tcomeisthathismotherwasill.forIsthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamtakingcareofisbetter.下面两句中的介词能提前吗?Thisisthemanwhogavemethebook.LiMing,whoisintheroom,wantstoaskyousomequestions.非限制性定语从句Heborrowedallthebooks,whichhadpicturesinthem.BillsaidhehaddrunkfivebottlesofBeer,whichwastrue.asAsisreportedinthenewspaper,ourteamwillwin.Exercises:1、Idon’tliketheway_____hetalkedtome.A.asB.thatC.whichD.bywhich2、Shetalkedaboutthebooksandwriters_____sheremembered.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom3、Hestilllivesintheroom____windowfacestotheeast.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.ofwhich4、Isthisthehouse_____Shakespearewasborn?A.atwhereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich5、Thatistheoffice___Lincolnonceworkedin.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.inwhich6、Doyouknowthereason_____hewaslate?A.forwhichB.forwhatC.whichD.that7、That’sall____Iwanttotellyou.A.theyB.whichC.whoD.that8、Icanneverforgettheday_____weworkedtogetherandtheday_____wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;whenThankyouGoodbye