doing作状语的用法

1.作表语2.作定语现在分词3.作宾补4.作状语三.V-ing作表语WearelearningEnglish.Thestoryisinteresting.MyjobisteachingEnglish.动名词作表语现在分词作表语动词进行时=TeachingEnglishismyjob.动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。Hishobbyispainting.Thenewsisinspiring.区别动名词与现在分词：动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的位置不能互换。翻译下列句子：1.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Ourjobis_________________________.2.他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。Themusictheyareplayingis__________.playingallkindsofmusicsoexciting四V-ing作定语——现在分词现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是现在分词短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名词后。Thegirlcryingintheclassroomismydeskmate.Thecryinggirlismydeskmate.Thetower___________thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting.A.datedfromB.datedbackfromC.datingfromD.todatefromTheflowers__________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt(1)awalkingman(2)awalkingstick=amanwhoiswalking=astickforwalkingWhat’sthedifferencebetween(1)and(2)?V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：awaitingroomawaitingman=aroomforwaiting=amanwhoiswaiting现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，“作…用”相当于一个for引导的介词短语Translatethefollowingphrases.areadingroomawashingmachineanexcitingeveninganinterestingcrosstalk阅览室洗衣机激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声1.What______________bearstheyare!(charm)2.Whata/an____________________ideatheadhas.3.Thebears_________________arecontentwiththeirlife.4.Thebears__________________makecocacolamorepopular.DescribethebearswithV-ingusedasattributecharmingenjoyingcocacoladrinkingcocacolaskiingontheicesurprising/inspiring五V-ing形式作宾语补足语V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+CIheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.Wehavethefireburningallday.Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。1.能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：“五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”。简单又好记！make,let,have,keep,leave,lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,find,feel等。怎么记？Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting1.Isawthem______(force)thedooropenwithahammer.2.Weheardthem_________(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.3.Iheardhim________(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:2.有些动词词组，如：regard,describe,accept,thinkof,lookon等之后可由as引出V-ing形式作宾补。Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive.分词作状语,表示动作发生的条件、原因、结果、让步、时间、方式或伴随等，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。六分词作状语作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.IfIaminvited,I’llgotoyourparty.Invited,I’llgotoyourparty.条件状语作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首原因状语作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句首Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Becausehewassatisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.Satisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.让步状语作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Studyinghard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Thoughhewasborninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.Borninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.时间状语作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Whenshewassurroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.Surroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。_______thebook,Ifindituseful.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_______foralongtime,thebooklooksold.UsedUsing从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。____fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.SeenFourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,looking…Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.并列句作伴随状语多放于句末Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Hisfatherdied,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.方式状语或结果状语作方式状语或结果多放于句末Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,looking…Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.并列句作伴随状语多放于句末分词作状语时的时态和语态：1）分词的时态：2）分词的语态一般式:doingdone完成式:havingdonehavingbeendone1）一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生。1.Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Surroundedbythestudents,theteacherwasansweringquestionsonebyone.2）完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived可理解为：Becausehehadnotreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.1.Ashehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.=Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.2.Becauseshehadnotgotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.=Nothavinggotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.完成被动式：havingbeendone表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义(现代英语中往往用过去分词done替代)Havingbeenpraisedforhisjob,Tomworkedharder.=Praisedforhisjob,Tomworkedharder.______byasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbeenbittenD.bothBandC一、有些惯用的v-ing形式不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作一个插入语generallyspeaking一般说来strictlyspeaking严格说来franklyspeaking…坦白地说judgingfrom/by…根据……来判断considering…考虑到……supposing假如，如果几点注意1.Gen