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GreekMythology希腊神话故事外语系1101班郭琼李彤刘晓丹曹睿萍郝朋华徐西倩GreekMythologyisagroupoftraditionaltalestoldbytheancientGreeksaboutthedeedsofgods,heroesandtheirrelationswithhumanbeings.希腊神话讲了许多古希腊神话故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他们和普通人类之间的关系。TheGreekmythologyisanimportantpartoftheancientculturewhichhasvastanddeepinfluenceonthewholewesternculture.希腊神话是古文化重要的一部分，与整个西方文化有着广泛而有紧密的联系。ItsgreatinfluenceupontheEnglishlanguageandliteratureisbeyonddescription.AgreatnumberofwordsandidiomsintheEnglishlanguagecomefromtheGreekmythology.它在英语和文学作品方面的巨大影响力是无法形容的。英语中的很多单词和言语表达方式都是来自希腊神话。Inthebeginning,theuniverseisacosmosevolvingfromChaos.ChaosandGaea(theearth)generateeverythingthatexists,includingseas,mountains,godsandmonsters.ThenGaea’smatingwithhersonUranus(theshy),whichproduces12TitanswithGrounsastheirleader.宇宙之初，只有卡俄斯（即“混沌”）。卡俄斯和盖亚创造了大海、大山、神还有妖怪，并赋予他们生命。后来盖亚与她的儿子乌拉诺斯结婚，由此产生了以克罗诺斯为首的12泰坦。Advisedbyhismother,GrounsbeatsUranus,seversthelinkbetweentheskyandearth,andbecomethenewkingofthecosmos.Grounscopulateswithhissister,RheatobringaboutZeusandsiblings,thefutureofolderOlympians.克罗诺斯在他母亲的建议和帮助下打败了她的父亲乌拉诺斯，分开了天地间的连接，成为宇宙的新首领。克罗诺斯与他的姐姐瑞亚结婚，诞生了宙斯和他的兄弟姐妹，翻开了古奥林匹亚崭新的一页。TheancientGreeksworshipedmanygods.Greekgodscanbedividedintoseveralgroups.TheearliestgroupsisTiants,ledbyCronus.ThemostpowerfulgroupwastheOlypians.TheOlympiansareagroupof12godswhoruledaftertheoverthrowoftheTitans.AlltheOlympiansarerelatedinsomeway.Theyarenamedaftertheirdewlling(住宅，住所）placeMountOlympus.古希腊崇拜很多神，古希腊的神被分为几组，最古老一组的被称为泰坦，有克罗诺斯领导。最强大的一组被称为奥林匹斯山神。奥林匹斯山神由12个神组成，他们颠覆了泰坦时期的规律。所有的奥林匹斯山神在某个方面都有着或多或少的联系。他们的名字来源于他们居住的奥林匹斯山。Theoldtheogony:theTians（旧神谱：奥林匹克斯十二泰坦）Theoldtheogony:theGods(新神谱奥林匹斯十二主神）GodsHeroesPerseus(珀尔修斯）Jason(伊阿宋）Heracles(赫拉克勒斯）Theseus(忒修斯）MonstersMedusa(美杜莎）Minotaurus(米诺陶洛斯）Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯）theTitans(十二泰坦)Cronus(克罗诺斯)：天空之神。Rhan（瑞亚）：时光之神。Oceanus(俄刻阿诺斯):水之神。Tethys（泰西斯）：沧海之神。俄刻阿诺斯之妻。Crius（克瑞斯）：生长之神Lapetus（伊阿佩托斯）：灵魂之神。阿忒拉斯、普罗米修斯、厄庇米修斯和墨诺提俄斯之父。Phoebe（福柏）：月之神。月之女神勒托与阿斯特瑞亚之母。Coeus（科俄斯）：智力之神。Themis（忒弥斯）：秩序和正义之神。宙斯第二位妻子，时序三女神母。Mnemosyne（谟涅摩叙涅）：记忆之神。宙斯第五位妻子，九缪斯之母。Hyperion（许配利翁）：光之神。Thea（忒亚）：许配利翁之妻。theGods十二主神Zeus(宙斯）:thegodoftheskyHera(赫拉):thegoddessofmarriageandchildbirthPoseidon(波塞冬）：thegodofseaprotectorHades(哈迪斯）：thegodofdeadandwealthHestia(赫斯提亚):thegodoftheHearth(灶台）Ares(阿瑞斯）:thegodofwarHermes(赫尔墨斯):thegodofthievesandcommerceHephaestus(赫斯费托斯）：thegodofthefireandtheforge(熔炉）theGods十二主神Apollo(阿波罗）：thegodoflight.Artemis(阿尔忒弥斯）：thegoddessofchastity,virginity,thehunt,themoon,andthenaturalenvironment.Athena(雅典娜):theGreekvirgingoddessofreason.Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德）：theGodoflove,desireandbeauty.Theeternalmythology•TheOlympianGodsbetweenMacedonandThessalyofeasternGreecetherestoodahighmountain.itscloudytoprushedintotheveryheavens.onthetopofthemountain，thehomeofthegodswasbathedinbrightness.•传说，风中有个遥远的国度，在马其顿和希腊东部的色萨利之间矗立着一座神圣高山，大雾弥漫的山顶直插云霄。仙境般山顶上，众神们的乐园沐浴在神圣光辉之中，时间在这里静止，世上万物都听从这里的指命。•Allthechiefgodsmentionedabovetookhumanformsofincomparablebeautyandgrace，oftenmovedbyhumanfeelingsanddesires，theyfrequentlygavewaytoangerandjealousy.theybecameinvolvedinceaselessbattleswiththeworldofman.amongthemselvesatolympustheyplottedandstruggledforpower.inthehumanworldtheyexperiencedcompetitionsanddifficulties.theyenjoyedearthlyfriendshipsandloves.acrowdofeverlastinggodslookedandactedinaperfectlyhumanfashionthatiswhatallgodsatolympusactuallywere.•天神们的美丽与魅力无可匹敌。因常受到凡人情感与愿望的感染，他们不时地勃然大怒，妒嫉别人。他们卷入与人类世界无休止的争斗中。在奥林波斯，他们之间也充满了阴谋与权力之争。在凡人的世界里，他们经历了敌对与挫折。他们珍惜人间的爱与友善。这群长生不老的天神们的外表与行为完全符合人间的方式。•HylasandtheNymphs•《海拉斯和水仙们》Paintings•Sculpturecartoon•Zeus(Jupiter)Thekingofthegods,therulerofMountOlympusandthegodofthesky,weather,thunder,law,orderandfate.HeistheyoungestsonofCronusandRhea,whomheoverthrew,andbrother-husbandtoHera.Inartwork,hewasdepictedasaregal（庄严的）,mature（稳重的）manwithasturdy（健壮的）figureanddarkbeard.Hisusualattributesaretheroyalsceptre（王位）andthelightningbolt,andhissacredanimalistheeagle.•神话中宙斯威严神圣，却又会怕老婆，公正英明，却又有点小心眼爱记仇，疼惜子女，却又喜欢处处留情，遍地撒种。其人物形象非常生动性格丰满充满人性的矛盾与无奈。•Hera(Juno),Aproudandgreen-eyed（嫉妒的）woman.Queenofmarriage,women,childbirth,heirs,kingsandempires.SheisdaughterofCronusandRhea，Zeus’ssister.Shewasusuallydepictedasabeautifulwomanwearingacrownandveil(面纱)andholdingaroyal,lotus-tippedstaff（权杖）.Hersacredanimalsaretheheifer（小母牛）,thelion,thepeacock（孔雀）andthecuckoo（杜鹃）.•天后的善妒众神皆知，高贵的出身，尊贵的地位，宙斯的今天又都是她一手帮助得来的，让赫拉更加目空一切，骄傲刁蛮，对付情敌的手段更是异常狠辣。•Poseidon(Neptune)wasrulerofthesea.rivers,floods,droughts,earthquakesandhorses;knownasthe“EarthShaker”or“StormBringer”.HeisabrothertoZeusandHades.Inclassicalartworkhewasdepictedasamaturemanofsturdybuildwithadarkbeard,andholdingatrident.（三叉戟）Apollo(Apollo)wasthegodofthesun,musicandpoetry.HewasthesonofzeusandletletowasdrivenbyherafromlandtolandatlastPoseidontookpityonherandbroughttheislandofdelosoutofwaterforhertoliveon.thereshegavebirthtothetwins，apolloandartemis.•阿波罗象征着青春和男子的英俊美丽。•金色的头发、庄重的举止、容光焕发的神态，这些足以使他受到世人的青睐。一位名叫Christina的美丽少女迷恋于他的英俊，跪在地上，从黎明到黄昏，日复一日双手伸向太阳神,凝视着那辆金质马车在蔚蓝的天空驰骋。但她的爱并未得到回报，显然高傲王子早已见惯了各种迷恋者，但她对阿波罗的痴情从未改变，目睹这悲哀的场面，众神深受感动，将她变成了一株向日葵…==•Artemis(Diana),Apollo’stwinsister,shewasthegodde