北京大学出版社《跨文化交际》unit 5-6 Nonverbal_Communication

NonverbalCommunicationObjects:TounderstandwhatnonverbalcommunicationisandwhatfunctionitservesTolearnculturalrulesgoverningposture,gesture,eyecontact,facialexpressions,bodytouchandsmell.Actoutthefollowingideas:Me?Stop.No.Comehere.I’mfull.It’ssmellyhere.Idon’tknow.Goaway.Ican’thearit.Iamsurprised.Weshareasecret.Everythingisfine.I’mwarningyou.Ifeelembarrassed.Icannotbelievethisnonsense.Oops,Iforgotit.TextANonverbalCommunicationMainmeansofcommunication:oralcommunicationandwrittencommunication.NonverbalCommunicationNonverbalcodesrefertocommunicativemessageswhicharenotinwordform.Morethan55%messagesarecommunicatednonverbally!AverageEuropeanBodylanguage/NVCsignalsBodyandfacialgesturesEyecontactBodycontactor“proximity”ClothingandphysicalappearanceThequalityofspeechSomesignalsarecommonFiddlingwithpencil/glassesHoldovermouthWrigglinginthechair,lookingatyourwatchTextB:MakingaGestureDoyouknowwhatthefollowinggesturesmeans?Number1isusedtogetherwiththeverbalmessage“Let’skeepourfingerscrossed”intheUnitedStates,England,andSwedentomeanthatthepersonishopingforgoodluck.ButinGreeceandTurkeyitmeansthebreakingofafriendship,andinpartsofItalyitmeans“O.K.”.Number2isnormallyusedwhentalkingprivatelyaboutathirdperson,meaningthatpersoniscrazy,ofteninajokingway.Number3indicates“Ihavenoidea.”/“Idon’tknow.”ThegestureinPicture4meansthat“Ican’t/didn’thearyou.”Number5means“That’senough.It’salloverforme.”InPicture6the“thumbsdown”signindicates“rejection”or“refusal”,“defeat”or“nogood”or“badnews”toAmericans.“Somethingisabitsuspicious/oddhere.”“Comehere.”Number9iswidelyusedintheUStomean“Great,perfect,acceptable,O.K.”ButisBelgiumandFrance,itmeans“zero”;inTurkey,Brazil,Greece,andMalta,ithasanobscenemeaning;andinTunisia,itisusedasathreat.Number10isusedinItalytosay“Hello.”ForIndonesians,Malaysians,andsomespeakersofArabic,itsignals“Comehere.”Number11means“Oh,Iforgot.”oranexpressionofsurprise.ThegestureinNumber12means“Slowdown,relaxorwaitasecond.”RinggestureBritain:somethingisgoodFrance:zeroorworthlessTunisia:I’llkissyouAmerica:somethingisgoodLatinAmerica:insultThumbs-upsignBritain:somethingisgoodSardinia:insultGreece:insultBeckoningLower-lidofyoureyeIndicatealertnessV-signWhatcanwelearnfromthissign?Howabouta“V”withthebacktowardstheaudience?TeachingContentsNonverbalCommunication(NVC)TheUnderestimatedStatusofNVCFourStudyAreasofNVCOnNVCDefinitionandstudyareaCharacteristicsofNVCFunctionsofNVCDefinitionofNVCNVCisaprocessinwhichcommunicatorsusethenaturalfeaturesoftheirbodiestodeliverinformationandexpressspecificmeaningtotheothercommunicator.Nonverbalcommunicationisthecommunicationusingourbodies,gesturesandtonesofvoice—everythingexcepttheactualwordsweuse.Nonverbalcommunicationisthecommunicationwithoutwords.StudyAreasTimelanguageSpacelanguageBodylanguageParalanguageCharacteristicsThecharacteristicsofnonverbalcommunicationomnipresentlearnedsharedFunctionsDoyousometimeswaveyourhandwhensayinggood-byetosomebody?Howdoyougreetaguestwhenhe/sheisintroducedtoyouataformaloccasion?Readthefollowingsituationsandtrytofigureoutsomebasicfunctionsofnonverbalcommunication.1.WhenwesayThenewmuseumissouthofthatbuilding,weusuallypointinacertaindirection.Repetition2.Youtellsomeonethatyouarepleasedwithhisorherperformance,andatthesametimeyoupatthepersonontheshoulder.Accentuation3.Agroupofpeopleisboisterous,youmightplaceyourindexfingertoyourlipstosendthemessage:“pleasecalmdownsothatIcanspeak.”Substitution4.Justbeforeanimportantexamination,youtellsomeoneyouarerelaxedandatease,yetyourvoicequaversandyourhandsshake.5.Thepauseinaconversationmayindicateaturn-taking.contradictionRegulationThestatusofNVCWhilewespeakwithourvocalorgans,weconversewithourwholebodies.Yourlipstellme“No”;butthereis“Yes”inyoureyes.Speechissilver;silenceisgold.Whyisnonverbalcommunicationimportant?What’swrongwiththisposter?ItwasthisposterthatmadethefilmbannedinThailand.Why?StudyAreasTimeLanguageSpaceLanguageBodyLanguageParalanguageTimeorientationTimesystemBodydistanceBodytouchFacialexpressions;eyecontactGesture;posture;stanceAppearancevolumespeedpausesilenceTimeOrientationConsiderthepastandyouwillknowthepresent.--ChinesesayingPast-orientedculturesGreatBritain,China,Japan,Greece,FranceValuethepastandrespecttheelderlyPresent-orientedculturesFilipino;LatinAmericaLiveforthemoment.Enjoyacasual&relaxedlifestyleFuture-orientedcultureAmericaPlanforthefuture.Welcomeinnovationandchanges;ShownorespecttotraditionsTimeOrientationTimeSystemsWhowastoblame?M-time(MonochronicTime)单一时间模式P-time(PolychronicTime)多元时间模式Timesense:HowweperceiveandmanagetimeCase1Germanengineersinthepre-WorldWarIIperiodwerehelpingtoconstructarailroadinIran.IraniansandMiddleEasternersgenerallytakeafarmorerelaxedattitudetowardtimethanAmericansorwesternEuropeans.WhenIranianworkcrewsconsistentlyshowedupforworktenminuteslate,theGermans,themselvessuper-punctualandalwaysinahurry,firedthemindroves.IranianengineershadadifficulttimepersuadingthemthatbyMiddleEasternstandardstheworkerswerebeingheroicall